LMNA Gene:
The LMNA gene is a member of the intermediate filaments type V, lamins. It is placed at chromosome 1, position 22. The LMNA gene codes for two proteins, lamin A and lamin B. These two protein are similar in amino acid sequences, but a slight difference make lamin A longer than lamin C. These proteins main function is to support the shape of the nuclear lamina (envelope), the fibrous structure surrounding the nucleus. The nuclear membrane regulates the the exchange of molecules through the nucleus. Scientist also believe that the nuclear lamina regulates the expression of certain genes(LMNA, 2013). When the LMNA gene is damaged due to mutations it can produce altered lamins. These lamins can disrupt the shape of the nuclear lamina. With a distorted nuclear lamina the development of the peripheral nervous system and skeletal muscle system is interrupted. It can also prevent fat infiltration of muscle and bone marrow depending on the type of mutation that occurred in the LMNA gene (P02545 - LMNA_HUMAN, n.d).
Progeria Muttation:
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This lamin acid is called progerin. Progerin produces a poorly structured nuclear lamin that does not allow for molecules to enter and leave the nucleus properly. This can makes a build up of progerin inside the nucleus that causes the nucleus to malfunction and die prematurely (LMNA, 2013). This is what causes the childhood onset of extreme aging that is seen in progeria patients. The quickened pace of cell mortality causes physical changes in the patient that is seen in the
The nuclear lamina, a netlike array of protein filaments, connects the layers of the nuclear envelope. 12. What is the nuclear lamina? Nuclear matrix? The nuclear lamina is the netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus by mechanically supporting the nuclear envelope. The nuclear matrix is a framework of protein fibers extending throughout the nuclear interior. The nuclear matrix and nuclear lamina may help organize the genetic material so it functions efficiently.
“How JROTC has prepared me to be a better citizen of the United states of America”. JROTC has prepared me to become a better citizen by teaching me how to use leadership skills and be able to cope with subordinates. It also has prepared me to be a better citizen by showing me what the 7 army values are and what they mean. Some of the army values are respect, honor, integrity, and personal courage. JROTC has showed me how to do things different from the way I thought things should be done and how to march and be able to keep a company and platoon together when marching. Since I know a lot about the JROTC I am able to help other people become better citizens like I was taught. I am also a better citizen because i have the discipline not to do certain things that I did before I took the JROTC class.
Backinsell, D., & Garner, C. (2008, Nov 15). All about coaching: Building relationships to achieve goals. South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/266685669?accountid=12085
Progeria is an autosomal recessive disease, which means it is not carried on a sex chromosome. Hutchison-Gilford Progeria is caused by a mutation in Lamin A. Lamin A is a fibrous protein involved in the structure of the nuclear membrane. When there is a mutation in Lamin A it is likely the nucleus loses its normal shape and therefore its function is compromised. As of now, it is known that this is the cause of Progeria itself; however, neither doctors nor scientist can determine what this mutation has to do with the aging-like deformities of Progeria (Kugler).
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Texas A&M University is a great school to attend. They have great places to relax and study along with amazing facilities. Don't make the wrong choice and be left out because it offers so much and has many opportunities for everyone. Texas A&M opened as the state's first public institution of higher learning in 1876. Dedicated to sending Aggie leaders out into the world to take the challenges of tomorrow, A&M stands as a research-intensive flagship university.
While attending Liberty Univeristy, I started out as a Business Major, but after a few accounting classes I decided to be an Accountant. Not only did I find a career path at Liberty, but I also found my life's mate. We have been married for 34 year and our proudest accomplishment in life are our three children. Nathan, recently married and lives in Wisconsin. Both are clinical pharmacists in the hospital setting. Nathan published his first article for the Pharmacy Journal which started sibling riviary. Lauren, is the Production Manager for the White House Historical Association and could't wait to tell her brother that she published two articles. We also visited the White House on several occasions. Our youngest,
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For over 35 years, students have gone to LRCA, and the majority of them are returning students. Why is this? Little Rock Christian Academy’s students love it here, and we always want to come back. We are very proud of our effort in the many extracurricular activities LRCA provides. Most students are involved in at least one fine art, club, or sport and are very persistent in it. Because of all of the amazing fine arts, clubs, and sports, Little Rock Christian is an amazingly academic, athletic, and artistic academy.
I was excited to take my first NCLEX test prep session because I was eager to see how I would score on it. I was happy with my first score. I know I should not get too confident with my test taking abilities because this was only one test prep session, but this particular score makes me look forward to completing more test prep sessions. Most of the categories I need to work on revolve around safety. They include reduction of risk potential, safety and infection control, and safe and effective care environment. I like to remediate on all of my past tests and for these specific topics I remediate by looking at the questions I got wrong and then looking at the reasoning for the correct answer. From there I like to look these topics up in my Medical
Originally founded as the “National Socialist American Workers Freedom Movement” in 1974 by former members of the American Nazi Party, Robert Brannen and Cliff Herrington. When Jeff Schoep took over leadership in 1994 he changed the group’s name to The National Socialist Movement or “NSM”. The group’s headquarters is in Detroit, Michigan. They are affiliated with the “World Union of National Socialists”. The NSM promotes itself as a white civil rights organization and not a hate group, Ironically, they are well known for being anti-Semitic. They wore Nazi uniforms until 2007 after they voted to change to black military uniforms after years of ridicule. Their colors are red, white, and black.
Now that scientists know that progeria is usually caused by a change of one letter in the billions of letters in DNA, that change can be seen using a genetic testing. During the genetic sequencing, the gene is “decoded” and its sequence is determined letter by letter (www.progeriaresearch.org). With only sixty-eight people reported in the world with this disease, progeria is caused by a change in the DNA in the gene called LMNA. The LMNA gene produces a protein called Lamin A, which structure holds the nucleus of a cell together. Researchers came to the belief that with the defective Lamin A protein, it makes the nucleus unstable leading to the rapid aging.
Lamins play an important role in anchoring chromatin to the nuclear periphery. By doing this, the nucleus becomes compartmentalized so the cell is ready for transcription, translation, replication, and repair. Lamin A, lamin C, Lamin B1, and Lamin B2 are the most common lamin proteins. Lamin A and C are known to help with cell survival(willis). Lamin B1 and B2 are known to play a role in organization and survival (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084952113001419). This is important because it organizes the nucleus so that the genes that are going to be expressed are in the middle surrounded by transcription factors (paper he gave us) and the inactive genes are silenced by anchoring it to the periphery of the nucleus. Lamin proteins also help add stability to the nucleus and helps protect it from outside pressure which could damage the replication or transcription process. The more that lamins are expressed, the more mechanically stable the nucleus will be, and tissue rigidity and plasticity. When mutated, Lamin proteins lose their ability to properly organize and provide support for the nucleus. Mutations in lamin proteins lead to over a dozen of degenerative disorders such as muscular dystrophy, peripheral neuropathies, lipodystrophies, and premature aging syndromes (cite).