Materials in Our Daily Life

This short story "Everyday use" speaks about the life of two young ladies and their mother. They are a poor family that lived in old-fashioned life but Dee the bigger sister don'y like that life.

As the peroxide breaks down, the soap that was mixed in will also combine with the water (from the breakdown process), and turn into foam. The oxygen gushing out is what makes the

The main reason for doing this project is to find out which detergent breaks up oil the best. An oil is any neutral, nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic. Oils have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are usually slippery and greasy like.

The fatty acids are then purified by distillation and neutralized with an alkali to produce soap and water. The fats and oils used in soap-making come from animal or plant sources. The four basic soaps used in this procedure were made using olive oil, vegetable oil, vegetable shortening, and lard. Each fat or oil is made up of a distinctive mixture of several different triglycerides. In a triglyceride molecule, three fatty acid molecules are attached to one molecule of glycerin. There are many types of triglycerides; each type consists of its own particular combination of fatty acids. They are weak acids composed of two parts: A carboxylic acid group consisting of one hydrogen (H) atom, two oxygen (O) atoms, and one carbon (C) atom, plus a hydrocarbon chain attached to the carboxylic acid group. Generally, it is made up of a long straight chain of carbon (C) atoms each carrying two hydrogen (H) atoms. The carboxylate end of the soap molecule is attracted to water. It is called the hydrophilic end; this end of the fatty acid chain prefers water. The hydrocarbon chain is attracted to oil and grease and is the hydrophobic end. However, when soap is presented to hard water which is water containing minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, and seldom minerals like iron. Soap produces what is known as soap scum, or residue from the

Once we applied the dish soap better know as a solution the chemical reaction started forcing its way on to the fats wrestling them to cover the fat, the colors started to stretch and make a flower looking design in the milk.

Humans have always exploited their natural environment for all their needs including food, clothing and shelter. As the cultural development of humans continued, they looked for a greater variety of materials to cater for their needs. The 20th century saw an explosion in both the use of traditional materials and in the research and development of a wider range of materials to satisfy technological requirements. Developments added to this was a reduction in availability of the traditional resources to supply the increasing world population. Chemists and chemical engineer continue to play a pivotal role in the search for new sources of traditional materials such as those from the

Dry and wet ingredients are combined with essential oils and herbs to create these balls of relaxation, and they have to be crafted in a very specific way. As I learned from source 4, the three main ingredients involved in the chemical reaction are Citric Acid (C6H8O7), Bicarbonate of Soda (NaHCO3), and Water (H2O). They, and a few other ingredients, are mixed, molded, and soon dropped into water, where they fizz and release the scents of the oils. The weak acid and bicarbonate base are unreactive when dry, but when they touch water, they work their magic, fizzing for sometimes minutes at a time. Source 9, from which I learned how to create my own bath bombs from home, warned me against mixing the dry and wet ingredients too quickly, because if I do so, they can create a whole different chemistry project: A volcano. However, following the steps carefully, I was able to create a batch of successful bath bombs. And it’s interesting to know that a very similar process goes in to creating the bath bombs created by a multi-million dollar company like

Which means that it is made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. But specifically Citric Acid is made up of 6 Carbon Particles + 8 Hydrogen Particles + 7 Oxygen Particles- Citric Acid is another reason that the bath bomb fizzes and is part of the reason that the bath bomb dissolves and fizzes.

Erika writes: When the narrator first meets Tyler, Tyler declares that he is a soap salesman, although Tyler has various other occupations including a night-time movie projectionist and a waiter. Tyler, however, most identifies himself with the job of selling soap, thus lending weight to the symbolic importance played by soap in the movie. Tyler calls soap "the foundation of civilization" and tells the narrator that "the first soap was made from the ashes of heroes". He also uses lye, a chemical ingredient of soap, to introduce the narrator to the pain of "premature enlightenment." In this role, soap is

History has explained the fact that at one point in time, the earth's natural resources had no limit. Raw materials were plenty, because of the fact that there were plenty of natural resources to go around. Natural resources can be identified as the raw materials that comes from the earth and are useful. Natural resources can never be made by humans. Athough, these raw materials can be modified, or altered to benefit corporations and businesses. For example, natural resources are fossil fuels like petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Minerals like diamonds, gold, and copper are natural resources that come from the earth. Other resources are known as natural vegetation, like forests and timber. Animals are our earth's natural resources as well, like salmon, deer, whales, chickens, etc. The air we breathe, and the wind are all also natural resources. Water, like lakes, rivers and

In the short story, multiple elements of material/non-material culture are portrayed. Material culture is composed of tangible items that are symbolic or hold meaning to a society such as having a car. Non-material culture consists of ideas, morals and values that hold importance a society or culture. This story illustrates the effect culture can have in our behavior and how it shapes our society, it just comes to support the idea that culture and society are dependent on each other in order to thrive. In order to comprehend material and non-material culture we will first have to separate the both an apply them to context.

Chemistry has been called the science of what things are. Its intent is the exploration of the nature of the materials that fabricate our physical environment, why they hold the different properties that depict them, how their atomic structure may be fathomed, and how they may be manipulated and changed.

As shown in Table 3.0, it was difficult to stir and combine the shortening and the lard with the sodium hydroxide and glycerol. Though the oil-based soaps were easy to make, they did not yield as much compared to the fat-based soaps. Table 6.0 shows that Soap 3 which was shortening based and Soap 4 which was lard based produced 11.18 g and 11.22 g, respectively. This was a much greater yield than the oil based soaps. Soap 1 which used olive oil yielded 3.154 grams and soap 2 using vegetable oil yielded 1.319 grams. This was something to consider when choosing which starting material to use and depends on whether ease of synthesis or greater yield is more important. The detergent synthesis methods were very similar but method 2 took less steps and was a bit easier than method 1. Table 6.0 shows that detergent 2 had a greater yield, 5.143 grams whereas detergent 1 had a yield of about 4 grams. The lathering test showed that though soaps 3 and 4 produced the most product of the soaps, they did not create many bubbles or a good lather according to Table 7.0. The soaps/detergents that produced the most bubbles were soap 1 which used olive oil followed by detergent 1 and then soap 2

The concept of materiality provides a topic for continuing educational discussion that many firms across the country find essential to the development of their audit staff. Measuring and using materiality to obtain desired results during an audit becomes the responsibility of the staff member of a CPA firm. Partners and managers of a firm typically allow the staff member to use his/her judgment when applying this concept during the fieldwork of an audit. The overall success of an audit relies at least in part on the materiality concept; therefore, staff members’ continuing education on the concept becomes important and necessary. This report will define the term materiality, determine how to measure materiality, and

The purpose of this lab was to create soaps and detergents and test their cleaning ability. We created four different soaps and two detergents using different starting materials composed of oils and fats for the soaps and lauryl alcohol and sulfuric acid for the detergents. Soaps are created by a process called saponification, which is the formation of a salt by combing an acid and a base.1 Soap and detergent are effective cleaning agents because they have hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends.1 The hydrophobic ends interact with the dirt and oil while the hydrophilic ends interact with the water molecules effectively washing the dirt and oil away.2 While soaps and detergents are very similar in their cleaning ability, they have a major difference being that soaps are made from natural products and detergents are made from synthetic materials.3 In order to make the soaps, we used four different starting materials including lard, shortening, olive oil, and vegetable oil.