Maximal Oxygen Uptake And Vo2max Is The Highest Rate At Which The Oxygen

Introduction: In this experiment, cardiovascular fitness is being determined by measuring how long it takes for the test subjects' to return to their resting heart rate. Cardiovascular fitness is the ability to "transport and use oxygen while exercising" (Dale 2015). Cardiovascular fitness utilizes the "heart, lungs, muscles, and blood working together" while exercising (Dale 2015). It is also how well your body can last during moderate to high intensity cardio for long periods of time (Waehner 2016). The hypothesis is that people who exercise for three or more days will return to their resting heart rate much faster than people who only exercise for less than three days.

In this report, I will be writing about the data that was collected from the beep test, which tests the aerobic endurance of the participants who are performing the test. With the results collected I will be discussing the different factors that may have impacted on the participant’s results. Robinson (2010) states that there are different systems in the body such as the skeletal, muscular, circulatory, and respiratory. Despite the fact all these systems are separate, they are all linked together to help the functioning of the body when at rest and during exercise. When the body begins to participate in exercise, during physical activity changes start to occur in the cardiovascular system starts so that it can adapt to the physical

The fourth, and most significant, response to training that a touch football player would experience is a change in their oxygen uptake. Maximal oxygen uptake, or max VO2, is considered by professionals to be the best guide for cardiorespiratory

The Balke treadmill test was used to estimate your maximum VO2 measurement, and to determine your aerobic fitness percentile. Based on your time and the chart corresponding to your age on page ninety-three of the ACSM guidelines book, your VO2 maximum would be about nineteen and a half milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute of oxygen [1]. This is the

VO2 max is the maximal volume of oxygen can be taken up and used by our body during exercise. Based on my understanding VO2 max can be determined through exercise intensity and duration. It is calculated by measuring the volume of oxygen consumed while running on a treadmill. With running there is an increase in oxygen requirement as speed increase and greater distance is covered. However after a certain point oxygen intake reaches its maximum point and it cannot go higher and VO2 plateau is obtained. The VO2 max paradigm by A.V. Hill states this could be due to the limitation in the cardiovascular and respiratory system (Bassett & Edward, 1997).

In an attempt to understand the underlying biological differences of these runners Pui W. Kong hypothesized that one variation is, “related to the fact that Kenyans generally live and train at high altitude (around 2000 m above sea level) influencing their oxygen capacity” (Kong, 2008). One study that addressed this compared Kenyan runners oxygen uptake, as well as blood ammonia

Two mechanisms that increase oxygen consumption during physical activity, is the increased total quantity of blood pumped by the heart and the ability to use the already existing large quantities of oxygen carried by the blood6. An increased total quantity of blood pumped by the heart, also known as cardiac output, at maximum has a direct correlation with VO2max6. A near proportionate increase in maximum cardiac output increases in VO2max with in endurance trained and un-trained individuals has been distingushed6. This relationship suggests with physical activity VO2max is increased through an increase of cardiac output.

Gymnastics is one of the most demanding and dangerous collegiate sports. Marina and Rodriguez (2014) investigated the physiological demands of women’s competitive gymnastics routines. Post-exercise heart rate, oxygen uptake, and peak blood lactate concentration were studied from eight elite female gymnasts. The gymnasts reached their highest heart rates (183-199 beats/minute), their highest oxygen uptake (33-44 mL/kg), and their highest blood lactate levels (7-9 mmol) following the floor and the uneven bars. The mean oxygen uptake levels of the gymnasts for all four events ranged from 65 to 85% of their individually recorded VO2 maximums and their maximum heart rates. Gymnasts work at very high physical levels during practice and competition.

Courtney is 26 years old and her height is 67.5 in (181 cm). Her body mass is 148.2 pounds (67.4 kg). The relative VO2max value is measured in milliliters (ml) of oxygen per kilogram (kg) of the body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). Her relative VO2max value is 39.8 ml/kg/min. The absolute VO2max is measure in liters (L) of oxygen per minute (L/min). Her absolute VO2max is 2.68 L/min. VO2max (maximal oxygen uptake) is defined as the maximum amount of oxygen the body can utilize during a stated period of frequently intense exercise.

The participants of this study were five males and five females who were healthy, recreational runners. A recreational runner was defined as someone who ran at least 16 km each week for at least 6 months (Hanson, Berg, Deka, Meendering, & Ryan, 2011, p. 402). Four experimental conditions were examined in this study: “1) barefoot on treadmill, 2) shod on treadmill, 3) barefoot overground, and 4) shod overground” (Hanson et al., 2011, p. 401). Each participant was tested in a laboratory setting two times. The first test was a VO2max test while wearing running shoes. The second time was to test the conditions using a 2x2 design; 2

A sub-maximal steady state exercise requires carbohydrates and fats to be oxidised in order to create sufficient ATP for the body to function and complete muscle contractions. The main energy sources being used throughout the test were the aerobic glycolytic and the aerobic lipolysis systems. To determine which energy system was predominately being used we can use RER. If RER is a value of .7 the energy system being predominantly used is the aerobic lipolysis system, where as a value closer to 1 predominate system being used is the aerobic glycolytic system. This ration being used is calculated by the whole volume of CO2 expired and the volume of oxygen intake per minute (VCO2/VO2). (Bellar & Judge, 2012)

It is assumed that because the results are insignificant that a VO2 max test does not affect a person’s pulmonary function. A limitation during these tests could result of the subjects forgetting to wear a nose piece. Not wearing a nose piece would skew the results by increasing the subject’s FVC and MVV. A set time after VO2 max test was not set, therefore, subjects varied on how many minutes it took to complete the pulmonary function tests after the VO2 max test. The sample size was very small and a very specific population. If a sedentary population would have been tested, results may have been different like in Vendala et al. (2013) research. In Durmic et al. (2017) research MVV and FVC were compared between endurance elite athletes and their age-and sex-matched sedentary control group. This study found that there is evidence that exercise may affect spirometric indices that can lead to a higher

and aerobic endurance. It is measured in ‘milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight. Nevertheless, it is important to understand your individual VO2max as it is considered to be the best indicator of aerobic endurance and cardiovascular fitness. The actual measurement is done in ‘milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight. By knowing your VO2max, it enables an individual to set realistic goals and assess their improvement over time. Many people who exercise, or want to begin exercising do not understand what specific duration, intensity, or heart rate, would be the most beneficial in achieving the goals set. Thus, by having a clear understanding of VO2max an individual can clarify the specific target heart rates, fat

All participants completed an incremental maximal protocol to exhaustion on H/p Cosmos treadmill. The protocol was initiated at 8.5 km.h−1 with increments of 0.5 km.h−1 every minute at a 1% inclination. The oxygen uptake (V˙O2) and carbon dioxide (V˙CO2) production were monitored breath-by-breath using a metabolic cart (Oxycon pro analyzer with Jaeger software).Heart Rate and Rate of Perceived Exertion were monitored throughout the test until

The test we performed was the Cooper 1.5 mile run/walk test. To perform this test, we recorded the height and weight of our subject. Each subject performed a 5-10 minute dynamic warm-up, while we explained the objective of the test. The goal was for each participant to run or walk 1.5 miles (6 laps) as fast as possible. Next, we had all the participants line up at the starting line. Each participant was assigned a partner who would count their laps and record their time on a stopwatch. As soon as the subject began the test, their partner started the time. The time ran until the subject reached 1.5 miles. Once the subject was done, they performed a cool down run to prevent injury and cramping. To calculate the predicted VO2max, the following