Summary
The background of this paper we need to mention is that West Coast Fashions, Inc. (WCF), a large designer and marketer of branded apparel announced a strategic reorganization calling for a divestiture of certain assets, and one of the divisions it intended to shed was Mercury Athletic, its wholly owned footwear subsidiary. John Liedtke, the head of business development for Active Gear, Inc. (AGI), a privately held athletic and casual footwear company, contemplated an acquisition opportunity of Mercury that would significantly improve his business. So, he wanted to evaluate this opportunity.
This paper introduces the basic situation and feathers of current athletic and casual footwear industry and raises that active management of
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Also using the average tax rate of 40%, we can estimate the unlevered beta. Unlevered beta = 1.5578/[1+(1-0.4)*0.249]=1.355316 Levered beta = 1.355316[1+(1-0.4)*0.25]=1.558613 After-tax cost of debt = 0.06*(1-0.4)=0.036=3.6%
Cost of equity = riskless rate + Beta (Risk premium) = riskless rate + Beta (riskless rate – expected market return) = 4.69%+ 1.558613*(9.7%-4.69%)=0.124987=12.4987%
WACC= Cost of Equity* Weight + After-tax Cost of Debt* Weight = 12.4987%*(1-20%)+3.6%*20%=0.10719=10.719%
If the leverage increases from expected level, D/C will increase, the levered beta will increase, the cost of equity will increase, the after-tax cost of debt will keep the same. In addition, the weight of the after-tax cost of debt will increase and the weight of the cost of equity will decrease. It looks like that it is difficult to determine how WACC will change. However, according to the Figure 3-8 about the effects of capital structure in Chapter 15, we can find that when the debt ratio is 40%, WACC reaches the minimum value, so in this case, when the leverage change from 20% to 40%, WACC will decrease, and when the leverage bigger than 40%, WACC will increase.
On the other side, if the leverage decrease from
General speaking, WACC is the rate that a company’s shareholders expect to be paid on average to finance its assets, and it is the overall required return on the firm as a whole. Therefore, company directors often use WACC to determine whether a financial decision is feasible or not. In this case, I will choose 9.38% as discount rate. The reason why I choose 9.38% as discount rate is because the estimated Debt/Equity is 26% under the assumptions by CFO Sheila Dowling, which is most close to 25% of Debt/Equity from the projected WACC schedule. There might be some flaws existing by using WACC as discount rate. As we know, the cost of debt would be raised significantly as the leverage increased. The investment will definitely increase the firm’s current debt. So, the cost of debt would not keep at 7.75%.
In this competitive business arena it is crucial to strategize and come up sound managementsolutions in order to stay afloat in the market. This is an individual report of ImperialCompany which showcases all the key management decisions that were taken to maintain acompetitive edge in the global market operations of its products. It will be sequenced in thefollowing format:1.Introduction to the Athletic Footwear Industry2.Thorough Business Environment Scanning3.Evaluation of Competition Forces
Collegiate athletics is a multibillion dollar business. Competition across basketball, football, and other popular sports generate just as much money as they do excitement and entertainment to sports fans and the casual viewer. The driving force behind this behemoth are the athletes that don the uniform of the competing universities. These athletes, the most of which are black, dedicated time synonymous to working a full time job on top of being student in order to serve this money machine. What is so damning about this system then? The truth is that the student-athletes do not see a penny of the millions they earn for their schools. On top of that, they are stretched beyond reasonable means in order to serve their athletic program. In return, they are compensated with scholarships to attend the college. However, what might seem like a coveted opportunity is not what it seems.
In the area of collegiate sports, there have been numerous heated debates about the integrity of many things concerning the NCAA and how it handles legal and ethical issues. Two well renowned scholars tackle this issue in their co-authored book entitled
Sportsman Shoes has been a leader in the shoe industry for more than thirty years. Sportsman manufactures and sells athletic shoes for all types of sports. The company has pursued a low-cost strategy in order to sustain their success. They sell a limited number of shoe designs and have held costs low through manufacturing efficiency and standardized operations. However, the past five years have been a struggle at Sportsman. The shoe market has seen a rise in the availability of low-cost imported shoes that has threatened Sportsman’s competitive position. As a result, company executives have decided it is time for a strategy shift.
Obviously, there is a big number of driving forces in the athletic footwear industry. Each of these driving forces has different impacts—some of them can have a more considerable effect than others on figuring out how much cross-company differences influence market shares and a number of units sold. The first line of most influential factors includes comparative prices, S/Q ratings, and a number of models offered among the footwear competitors. These three most important competitive forces affect customer decisions of which athletic footwear brand to choose. Furthermore, the decisions of customers whether to purchase one brand or another are also influenced by such forces as advertising, celebrity endorsements, the number of independent retail
1. Discussion: What factors drive Nike’s decision to stick with some form of network organizational structure rather than own its manufacturing operations?
All men are said to be created equal, in my opinion, not all men. Some have a drive that's greater than most. Everyone wants an Athletic-Scholarship, but not everyone is willing to put in the time, effort, commitment, dedication and preservation to be the best Student-Athlete representing their school. For every good in life comes a sacrifice. Nothing valuable is going to come to you and to obtain something of such value you have to be willing to take a risk. In my life, I’ve taken many risk, some that were life changing and change who I am today. Many of my peers take risks and regret taking them down the line. Taking this risk gave me more time to think about how I wanted to move forward in regards to my future, getting more involved in my community/activities, and dedicate more time into my current task on become a better student-athlete.
This manager’s report provides a financial performance review of the business operations for athletic footwear industry’s Elite Feet for production Years 11 through 18. Included in the report are trends in company’s annual total revenues, earnings per share (EPS), return on equity (ROE), credit rating, stock price and image rating. Additionally reported are the strategic vision for the company, performance targets for the aforementioned production years plus the next two years, the company’s competitive strategy as well as production strategy, finance strategy and dividend policy. Also discussed is a look at the company’s closest competitors and the actions that could be
Since its creation, Nike has proven itself as a popular brand and it has created niches by selling products such as footwear, apparels and various types of sports equipment. This paper will attempt to trace the product development of Nike shoes from its origins in conception and design to the manufacturing and production process located in contract factories in developing countries to advertising and marketing of Nike as a cultural commodity and finally, the retailing of the footwear around the world.
The price that we pay is the value that we associate to any product, whether it is a good or service. It is the compensation given to a person or authority to purchase an object or service. The greater the value associated to the product, the greater the price.
WACC calculations entailed several different steps prior to using the actual WACC formula. First, by using CPP’s balance sheet we identified its D/E, by dividing Debt portion by the Equity portion arriving at 2.07, than we calculated D/V – 0.67 and E/V – 0.33. Afterwards, we used comparable firm Wackenhut’s capital structure for our analysis and applied it to our calculations. Wackenhut’s capital structure consisted of 92% equity and 8% debt. Subsequently, we went through the Beta unlevering and then levering process using above capital structure. To unlever, we multiplied given beta of 0.89 by the debt portion of capital structure 0.92, than we relevered the Beta_e=(1+D/E 2.07) * unlevered Beta 0.82 = 2.51. Next step consisted of calculating R_e=R_f+beta_e*MRP= 8.6%(given)+2.51*7.5% (given)=27.41%.
Education has always been emphasized in my life, and my family has done whatever possible to ensure I am always obtaining the best one possible. So when that meant taking extra classes, attending the middle school with longer hours, or leaving the city to go to a school very unlike home those were all things I did. When I knew money was an issue I began to make sure to work ten times harder to qualify for any scholarships or opportunities out there. It has been far from easy. However, although financial need is the biggest concern my family and I have there is one thing I have found myself especially struggling with, reassurance.
The athletic shoe industry is made up of companies that produce footwear for athletic use. This is a strong industry and has been around for over 100 years. The athletic shoe industry is one of the fastest growing footwear industries and have top growing sales compared to other footwear industries (NDP Group, 2016). The key players that currently dominate the market are Nike, Adidas, and Puma (Kates & Bolduc, 2013). This paper will use the porter five forces, industry life cycle, and the key players to understand the industry. Over these years the athletic shoe industry has grown into a competitive market.
Market analysis C & J Clarks LtdCONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY1.INTRODUCTION2.COMPANY HISTORY AND PROFILE2.1C&J Clark2.2History2.3Manufacturing2.4Range of Shoes2.5 K Shoes3.MARKET ANALYSISA. MICRO ENVIRONMENT3.1 Market Data3.2Competition3.3Consumer demandB. MACRO ENVIRONMENT3.4Political3.5Social3.6Technological3.7Economic4.SWOT ANALYSIS5.IDENTIFICATIONS OF STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES6.RECOMMENDATIONS6.1Short Term6.2Medium Term6.3Long TermEXECUTIVE SUMMARYI have been asked by C & J Clark Limited (Clarks) to prepare a report which would include a market analysis of the UK footwear industry and to propose a number of strategic recommendations which would ensure that Clarks secures its short, medium and long term future as the market leader in the shoe