Question 1
A) Developmental theories are needed in scholarly researches. They can help researchers demonstrate and describe developmental changes by directing researchers with plans to further their researches and by organizing these planes (Miller, 2011, p.25). Theories pave the way for researchers and provide them with a view in the nature of development (Miller, 2011, p.3). The view not only impact theory construction, it also define what research problem is significant and what data and methods should be used (Miller, 2011, p.17). Theories should have specific characteristics. Furthermore, a theory has to have a consistent logic with no conflicts and also should have empirical sound and not conflict with scientific observations (Miller,
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Moreover, metatheroy is a theory concerned with the investigation, analysis and description of theory itself. It also guides researches and development in a profound way and it directs what scientists see or do not see (First hand out, p.1). For instance, Piaget as Miler mentioned, was not the first one who observes babies play, but he saw it from different perspective and different behavior. Therefore, the function of the metatheory is to identify the valid assumptions and predict that certain empirical statements should be true. This stimulates researches to test these empirical statements in order to validate them. Theories in many cases stimulate new observations too (Miller, 2011, p.12). Metatheory illustrates a continuous change; therefore, for theories to be formulated, they need to be continuous as well. Theories and methods are linked to and focused on empirical work. Metatheory and metamethods, on the other hand, focus and investigate theory and methods themselves (First hand out, p.1). Metatheories help us identify scientific concepts. They give us a good basis to know what we will know and how we will know it. As long as theories change, also facts of science do the same. When the scientific community found that metatheory is not useful it will fall from favor (First hand out, …show more content…
These beliefs support scientific facts about different aspects of life. They take the form of philosophical models that effect the scientific positions they have impact on. This is by identifying the essential characteristics of humans and in many cases the scientific events that relates to the researches (Lerner, 2002, p.48). To understand human development, it is not sufficient to obtain a data from one theory or methodology. It is very vital to combine and integrate philosophical theory, methodology and the results of a research to gain the best understanding of the subject scientific scholarship. This kind of integration can provide the research and theory with a clear meaning and definition. This definition is derived from philosophical perspective. This is why we should focus on understanding and examining philosophical assumptions pertaining to the study of human development (Lerner, 2002,
Theories are the organized concepts that help to define or understand behaviors, relationships or a phenomenon (Green, 2014). Thus, theories are the foundation of scholarly research and act as an outline to carry out a study. They are used to process and analyzing data and contribute to knowledge in literature and practice (Green, 2014; Udo-Akang, 2012). Theories are used to guide research but are also utilized in a parallel process with research to explain and to predict, explain problems, events, systems, and experiences (Udo-Akang, 2012). In a wraparound effect, studies help to advancement theories through the application of the framework to the research methodology (Green, 2014; Udo-Akang, 2012). The theory and its constructs guide the research design (Green, 2014; Udo-Akang, 2012). Existing theories are said to most likely
Child development theories provide various explanations of how children progress, and some also provide answers as to why certain outcomes or behaviors occur as a child grows. Two theories provide the best perspective regarding development when the two processes are used collectively: behavioral theory and cognitive developmental theory.
26) ‘these influences are intrinsic to human development’ and even of Bronfenbrenner (1972, p. 51) ‘with respect to human development, neither factor can exert an influence without the other’.
There are three main theories of development that I shall discuss in this assignment, 'Cognitive', the main theorist being, 'Piaget', (1896 - 1980), The, 'Psychosocial Theory', 'Erikson', (1902 - 1994), and, The 'Psychosexual', of, 'Freud', (1856 - 1939).
The chapter discusses how human development is affected by the nature in which a person is born into. It discusses how worldviews regarding child 's development vary among different regions throughout the continents. The chapter goes into the similarities of cultures as well as the differences of how humans develop across the board in all areas of thought in different regions of the world. The author tries to link human development with cultural aspects of how problem solving occurs as far as cultural influences are concerned. The nature of human development may occur in a pattern with all types of cultures and background.
* D1 Evaluate the principal psychological perspectives applied to the understanding of the development of individuals
Produce a report to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of different theorist of development. This report should identify how these theorists have influenced current practice.
How does an infant develop into an adult? The answer is not as obvious as it seems. There are a variety of factors that contribute to human development. A person not only grows physically but also cognitively and socio-emotionally. This paper will explain two theories; one cognitive and one socio-emotional; about human development. The two theories will be described, compared, contrasted and individually evaluated based on the strong points and limitations.
There are many theories of child development largely because many different people have studied the field for many years. Each theory has their different factors; biology, sociology, genetics, environment, and relationships are just a few of them. “Thank you for making me so wonderfully complex! Your workmanship is marvelous -- and how well I know it. ”! (Psalms 139:14). One might ask the question: "If theories are so useful, why do we need so many?" Having a multitude of theories allow us to see how children develop from a variety of
Theories of development are important as they can influence practice and help us understand a Childs way of learning, behaviour and reactions
The first pitfall of developmental theorization that Easterly addresses is the tendency of experts to treat each people group as existing only in the point in time at which they conduct their study. They take none of the group’s history, culture, or belief systems into account in their effort to create a broad-sweeping solution that they can
There are five theories of development which are psychoanalytical, behaviorism, cognitive, socio-cultural, and epigenetic (Santrock). These theories help develop an outline from which to explain the patterns and problems of development (Berger). I am only going to discuss two of these which are psychoanalytical and behavioral.
The method in which children come into their development is a very significant procedure that every person should be able to recognize. Children are not all the same so their development is not the same either. In fact, most children cannot even be treated the same when in regards to their development. To get a better understanding that involves the way children and teenagers grow a person would need to really recognize and comprehend the model of human development. This essay will emphasis on the Bio ecological Model of Human development; the diverse systems that are within human development and also how each of the systems are different.
The following essay aims to discuss the calms made by Alan Chalmers, discussing his inductive views of the scientific method stating that “Scientific knowledge is proven knowledge…” and that “…Scientific knowledge is reliable knowledge because it is objectively proven knowledge.” I will also be discussing Karl Popper’s opposing views on the scientific method, siding with his falsification method. I think that even though both sides are rational, Alan Chalmers clams are more practical and better for humans to continue to investigate new theories and laws of the universe. Therefore, I oppose Popper’s stance on the scientific method due to it discrediting non data driven fields sciences, labelling them as simply not science due to their inability to be disproven. To begin, the two opposing perspectives of the scientific method; inductivism and falsificationism, will be briefly explained with arguments for and against laid out.
There are a number of theorists that have ideas, charts, and graphs about how a child develops. Many are used today to determine when a child is mature, when they can feel emotion, and other important factors to which there are no strict textbook answers for. Piaget and Vygotsky are two theorists that offer theoretical perspectives on how a child develops.