Military Strategy and Planning

Unlike the Monroe Doctrine and its Roosevelt Corollary, which focused on the Western Hemisphere, Truman’s policy was global in scope. Beyond Greece and Turkey, it underpinned an array of Cold War initiatives: the $12 billion Marshall Plan for European reconstruction, the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and an unprecedented military buildup in the wake of the Korean War. Indeed it guided America’s Cold War policies for four decades – from Berlin and Cuba to Vietnam and Afghanistan.

The Truman Doctrine affected the Cold War by stopping Communists from destroying Europe any further. History.state.gov states, “President Harry S. Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.” In his speech, he asked Congress to give support to the Greek government and go against the Communists. If the U.S. government failed to help the Greek government, the Communists would continue to damage Europe. The Truman Doctrine affected the Cold War, and another policy that affected the Cold

Truman gave the Truman Doctrine. The United States was the only country that could act to keep Russia out of Greece and Turkey, they were in danger of a dictatorial system of government forced on them , as Truman himself said, “...by direct or indirect aggression, [which would] undermine the foundations of international peace and hence the security of the United States.” (Truman) Therefore “... it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressure.” (Truman) This very well explains why it was important for the United States to get involved, and gives the reason for the Truman Doctrine be. Truman wanted to gain congressional approval and public support for supporting Greek and Turkish independence. He thought that the support should be mostly through economic and financial aid, but he wanted to keep costs downs so as not to provoke the Soviets into an aggressive response, so he asked congress to use $400 million to assist them. The money to assist Greece and Turkey was approved by legislation, on 22 May 1947, just two months after the doctrine was given. Dwight P. Griswold was appointed to administer the program of assisting Greece and he was able to stabilise greek affairs by September of 1948. Turkey wasn’t in as bod of an economic crisis, and it was also out of danger by 1948. As Donald McCoy

Turkey, another country that had been dependent on British aid was also being pressured by the Soviets into granting them base and transit rights through the Turkish Straights. Worried about the growth the spread of communism and the growing influence of the Soviets; President Truman appealed to a joint session of congress to authorize $400-million in emergency aid to the Greek and Turkish Governments and the dispatch of American civilian and military personnel to those countries. In his Speech; Truman said “I believe it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”. This would be known as the Truman Doctrine and it would be the foundation of the post-war American foreign policy throughout the Cold War. The Policy of Containment also sprung from the Truman Doctrine. This new foreign policy stood in stark contrast to the isolationist foreign policy that the United States had held in the past. Instead of avoiding international affairs and conflicts around the world the United States would become more proactive in the affairs of the world to promote its interest and to combat the influence Soviet

President Truman said in the essence of that the United States would provide many to countries that claimed they were threatened by communist expansion.” (150) President Truman concern was with the expansion of Soviet to the Eastern Mediterranean, it will cause communist to expand their regime and force the Eastern Mediterranean countries fall into the communist regime. This will cause for the Eastern Mediterranean countries like Greece and Turkey to will change politically, economically, and militarily to Soviet Union communist regime. President Truman wants the U.S. to provide aid and support those who are threatened by communist and those who want to be free from suppressor, dictator, and communist regime. As of many other countries was

The introduction of the Truman Doctrine in March 1947 by President Harry S. Truman was an outline for the basic foreign policy that America would use against Communism and the Soviet Union for nearly four decades. While President Truman assumed office while inexperienced in global affairs, the doctrine demonstrated his firm stewardship on foreign policy. The doctrine, which was eventually adopted as an international relations policy, was introduced in a speech regarding intentions of the country to help Turkey and Greece with military and economic support for them to avoid falling into the Soviet sphere. The main goal of the doctrine was to help free individuals who were opposing initiatives by armed minorities towards suppression. In addition to containing military and economic concepts, Truman Doctrine symbolized the role of the United States in demonstrating global leadership in post-World War II era. As a result, the doctrine ended up playing a crucial role in the then regional and international affairs during the Cold War.

 To help counter soviet expansion, President Truman came up with a policy in 1947 known as the "Truman Doctrine".  In this plan Truman says we should support and aid countries that are trying to be a free people. This particular address was to aid Greece and help them survive as a free nation.4  In Truman 's address to Congress he wanted to aid Greece and Turkey by providing them with free gifts of funds, and military/civilian resources to help build their economy and reconstruction of their cities.5  This would ultimately push out any Soviet control. This doctrine consequently became the groundwork for American foreign policies.

After defeating Hitler, the US and the Soviet Union started to argue over Eastern Europe, especially Poland. Stalin insisted that friendly communist governments must be installed on the Soviet borders, Stalin broke his Yalta promise to allow free elections and saw to it that communist regimes came to power in Poland, Bulgaria, and Romania. President Truman didn’t accept that, Soviet domination of Eastern Europe would violate the principles of national self-determination that the US had spoken about at the Atlantic Charter and Yalta Declaration. Truman believed that the spread of communism threaten American economic interests in Europe and elsewhere. Opposition to Soviet intervention was a popular opinion in the states with

The Truman Doctrine was a United States foreign policy established by President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) in 1947. The policy stated that the US would provide military and financial support to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling to communism. This started a policy of “containment” which would persist for many years to come. After World War II left most of the world devastated, the US and the Soviet Union emerged as the two global superpowers and despite being allies during the war, the two became adversaries when their goals for Europe after the war conflicted. Greece had been embroiled in a Civil War between it’s standing government and a communist party vying for power, and Great Britain, who had long supported Greece, was unable to support them any further, and asked the US for it’s support. In Turkey, Soviet leader Josef Stalin demanded partial control of the Dardanelles, a strait in Turkey connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean which possessed significant strategic value. The policy makers of the Truman Doctrine decided that support must go to both Greece and Turkey, as support given to just one of the two would be futile as if one nation fell, the other would fall soon. This idea of one nation’s fall to communism leading to another’s fall to communism became known as the “Domino Theory”. The Truman Doctrine was a significant change in US foreign policy, and set the tone for US relations in Europe and the rest of the world for most of the Cold War.

The Cold War did not escalate to military force between the two nations. However, tensions continued to rise. It was then that George Kennan, the U.S. ambassador in Moscow sent what is known as the Long Telegram. In this telegram Kennan warned America that the Soviets desired to expand their territory and communism. His concern was that the likelihood of peace between capitalist and communism could not exist. This telegram along with the warning from Britain that they could no longer afford to keep resisting communist forces in Europe, became the influence for Truman in proposing his doctrine. The main goal of the Truman Doctrine was to provide economical and military assistance to countries such as Turkey and Greece, because these two countries were threatened by communism. It was also created to stop the spread of the Soviet government system throughout the world, during the Cold War. In his speech, Truman had asked Congress to give approximately four-hundred million dollars in funding to provide not only financial backing but military support as well. (Uschan, 101)

During the Cold War America, some policies and doctrines assisted the United States shift from isolationism to becoming a Superpower such as the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine of containing communist expansion furnished the military with $400 million dollars in aid to assist Greece and Turkey during the Cold War (Columbia Southern University (CSU) n.d.). This policy supported by the United States helped free people who resisted suppression brought on by armed minorities, and pressure on the outside (CSU, n.d.).

After the end of the World War II the allies disagreed on how to realign the borders in Europe.They had disagreeing opinions on how to take care of the countries how they should be ran.The major country that had an issue was the Soviet Union.The western allies wanted a democratic system widespread in Europe because what has happened prior in the last two world wars.The Soviet Union wanted to dominate the internal affairs that boarded them.This lead to the culmination of the Cold War that started in 1947.The first major step in this was the Truman doctrine that stated that the United States would support any government that would support foreign governments resisting “armed minorities” or “outside pressures "that is, Communist revolutionaries or the Soviet Union.He then convinced congress to give 400 million dollars towards Greece and Turkey to stop communist invasions.This shows how these countries are being imperialistic in a way that has never been seen before, instead of invading and taking over countries they are trying to implement there governing styles in country because they believe that it is what is best for there country and the ones they are

The Civil War in Greece and the dispute over the Dardanelles of Turkey allowed for the implementation of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. Greece had been struggling against communists who wanted to take over the government. The United States, paranoid about the spreading of communism, sent $300 million in aid through troops and financial means. As a result, Greece was able to resist the communistic attempt to overthrow the democratic government. It was with the financial help of the U.S. that Greece was able to fight off those who threatened their values. This helped Greece but it mostly helped the United States since it was one less country that fell to communism. Additionally, the USSR’s leader, Joseph Stalin, wanted partial control of the Dardanelles between the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. Immediately, the U.S. government realized that they must send aid to Turkey. Otherwise, the USSR might have turned Turkey into a communist country. As with Greece, the United States sent military aid and financial help of $100

Within theories and finding, The Truman Doctrine was established and on March 12th, 1947. Truman speech pledged “American support for free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures” (Simkin, n.d.) Congress also agreed to give economic aid to the military to help fight Greece against communism as he felt that the political stability was threatened. With Greece in trouble Truman as concerned the other countries would fall into Communism and was known as the ‘domino theory’. If it was not for Truman then Greece and Turkey could no longer afford to fight the rebels. “Truman said that the Cold War was a choice between freedom and oppression; Therefore, Americans would have to abandon their decisions not to get involved in European affairs; America was OBLIGED to get involved” (Clare, n.d.). The Truman Doctrine was an American challenge not only to Soviet ambitions but also through a policy of containment.

The globalization has huge impact on the attitude and behaviour of the customers, clients and consumers as they want more quality high brand, goods and services at compatible prices. Firms compete for customers, and management formulate strategic plans to enhance the quality, brand strength and brand image of goods and services to achieve organizational goals and objectives and to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Organizations want to have innovative creative, challenging, and strategic work force which formulate strategic plans establish goals and objectives obtain, allocate, distribute and utilize scarce resources in the best possible