The mitochondria and chloroplasts are two very different organelles, but they are also very similar. Both of these organelles are very vital to their cells. Without them the cells would have no energy to work with. The mitochondria and chloroplasts are important factors in cellular respiration and in photosynthesis. Even though you get the same output, the process in which each happens can have differences and similarities. The mitochondria, also referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, is found in most eukaryotic cells, including both plant and animal cells. It has a shape of an oval, and is held together by a double membrane. The outer membrane is comparable to skin as it covers the mitochondria and protects it. The inner membrane is folded …show more content…
The mitochondria obtains all the food that is consumed by the organism, and turns it into energy for the cell to use. It also is one of the main factors in cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen. There are three stages of cellular respiration; glycolysis, the Krebs cycle,and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occurs in the mitochondria. Glycolysis produces only a small amount of energy. It produces two ATP, which contains and releases energy, two NADH, and two pyruvic acid. The next stage, the Krebs cycle, occurs in the mitochondria. It produces a little bit more energy than glycolysis. It produces six CO2, two ATP, eight NADH, and two FADH2. The electron transport chain, which also occurs in the mitochondria, is the last stage. It produces H2O and thirty-two ATP. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain are both aerobic processes. Cellular respiration, with the help of the mitochondria, creates energy, from food, for the …show more content…
Photosynthesis is the process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches. This is the light-dependent part of photosynthesis. You have to have light to complete the first stage. The second stage is called the calvin cycle. The calvin cycle is the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high energy compounds such as sugars. Photosynthesis also gives off oxygen. Photosynthesis would not be possible without
The main function of the mitochondria is to convert fuel into a form of energy the cell can use. Specifically, the mitochondria is where pyruvate --derived from glucose-- is converted into ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration. Cellular respiration involves four stages: glycolysis, the grooming phase, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The final two stages listed occur in the mitochondria.
Photosynthesis and cell respiration are some of the two most important biological processes that organisms go through. Photosynthesis is the biological process plants undergo to convert light energy into chemical energy. In chloroplasts the chlorophyll act as catalysts for this process. The process uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O) in order to produce glucose (C6H1206) and oxygen (02). Thus, it is read as 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2. Photosynthesis is split into two different processes. The first process is light Dependent meaning i uses energy being absorbed to break down and molecules at a rapid photosynthetic rate. The second process is Light Independent meaning it uses ATP and NADH absorbed during when light was present to breakdown glucose instead. Therefore, Healthy plants are green because Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light, but reflects green light signifying stored light.Some Anaerobic bacteria undergo photosynthesis meaning it can’t grow in oxygen and uses Carbon Dioxide and other substances like hydrogen sulfide to photosynthesis. In general all plants need Carbon Dioxide. (Ensminger, 2014)
The next part of out project was respiration reactions. This happens in three parts. The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis. It takes place in the cytosol of the cytoplasm. The next stage in cellular respirations is the krebs cycle. Electron transport is the final stage of aerobic respiration. Glycolysis is used to break down 1 glucose molecule and produce 2 pyruvate molecules. The first part needs energy in order to take place. It splits glucose, and uses up 2 ATP molecules. If the concentration of pyruvate kinase is high enough, the second half of glycolysis can proceed. In the second half energy releases and 4 molecules of ATP and 2 NADH are released. Glycolysis has a net gain of 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH. The krebs cycle starts with by combining a two-carbon with a four-carbon
In contrast, there are four metabolic stages happened in cellular respiration, which are the glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the oxidative phosphorylation. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, in which catabolism is begun by breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. Two molecules of ATP are produced too. Some of they either enter the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) or the electron transport chain, or go into lactic acid cycle if there is not enough oxygen, which produces lactic acid. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, which completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate into carbon dioxide. The citric acid cycle produced some more ATPs and other molecules called NADPH and FADPH. After this, electrons are passed to the electron transport chain through
Photosynthesis occurs each time the sun’s light reaches the lives of a plant. The chemical ingrediants for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide (CO2), a gas that passes from the air into a plant via tiny pores, and water (H20), which absorbed from the soil by the plant’s roots. Inside leaf cells, tiny structures called chloroplasts use light energy to rearrange the atoms of the ingrediants to produce sugars, most importantly glucose (C6H12O6) and other organic molecules. Chlorophyll gives the plant its green color (Simon, 02/2012, pp. 92-93). Chemical reactions transfers the sun’s light energy into the chemical bonds that hold energy-carrying molecules. The most common are
Photosynthesis is the procedure in which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food and oxygen and cellular respiration is the process where cells use this food to
First glucose is broken down in the process called glycolysis, then the pyruvate molecules are moved to the mitochondria, when this is happening the pyruvate molecules are converted into 2-carbon molecules these molecules then enter the Kreb Cycle. Moving on the energy created will now enter the electron transport chain, this energy will then produce ATP. The reactants are glucose and oxygen and the products are ATP, water, and carbon dioxide. During the Cellular Respiration glucose is being oxidized, along with carbon. On the other hand Oxygen, NAD+ and FADH are being reduced in Cellular Respiration.
Glycolysis is followed by the Krebs cycle, however, this stage does require oxygen and takes place in the mitochondria. During the Krebs cycle, pyuvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions. This begins when pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis enters the mitochondria. As the cycle continues, citric acid is broken down into a 4-carbon molecule and more carbon dioxide is released. Then, high-energy electrons are passed to electron carriers and taken to the electron transport chain. All this produces 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH, and 4 CO2 molecules.
Aerobic cellular respiration and photosynthesis have a myriad of similarities and differences. They are both alike and different because of the purpose of the processes, how they function, their location, and the reactants and products for each process.
The mitochondria is an essential organelle for all eukaryotic cells since it is the site where cellular respiration occurs. If eukaryotic cells did not have the mitochondria, both the cycles of cellular respiration and photosynthesis would fail, causing organisms with eukaryotic cells to die. As shown in document A, the mouse has released the carbon dioxide it has produced and giving it towards the plant, while the plant has released the oxygen produced and giving it to the mouse. The mouse and the plant requires the output of the other organism in
Both water and carbon dioxide have oxygen in their molecules and that creates and excess of oxygen. Photosynthesis is important because it gives
The Krebs cycle is a series of reactions which occur in the mitochondria and results in the formation of ATP and other molecules which undergo farther reactions to form more ATP. Cellular respiration can be divided into four sequences. The first sequence is glycolysis, its breaks down one molecule glucose into two molecules pyruyate. Transition takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and it’s referred to the beginning of aerobic respiration. The process takes place if there is enough amounts of oxygen in the mitochondria. However if there is insufficient oxygen in the mitochondria it could result into fermentation. Transition Reactions take place in the pyruvate molecule. In transition reactions two hydrogen electrons and one carbon
Photosynthesis is essential to all living organism such as animals and plants. Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reaction that converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen, carbohydrates and water. (Textbook: Principles of Biology). The reactants and the products of photosynthesis are:
Photosynthesis is a reproductive system that occurs in plants. The main components required for photosynthesizing are sunlight, energy, water and mineral from soil, and carbon dioxide from the air. Once these components are combined they
Photosynthesis is a biochemical process in which plant, algae, and some bacteria harness the energy of light to produce food. Nearly all living things depend on energy produced from photosynthesis for their nourishment, making it vital to life on Earth. It is also responsible for producing the oxygen that makes up a large portion of the Earth¡¦s atmosphere. Factors that affect photosynthesis are light intensity and wave length, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.