Nebuchadnezzar II

Mesopotamia, “the Land between Rivers,” was one of the greatest and the oldest ancient civilizations of the world. This civilization flourished around 3000 B.C. on the piece of fertile land, now known as Iraq, between the rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Before 1792 B.C., the city-states of ancient Mesopotamia were not united and constantly clashed in turmoil and warfare. In 1792 B.C., King Hammurabi conquered and merged the neighboring city states of ancient Mesopotamia, creating a Babylonian empire and becoming the sixth king of its capitol city, Babylon. During his reign, Hammurabi established law and order and funded irrigation, defense, and religious projects. He personally took care of and governed the administration. In

The ancient Assyrian ruler, Ashurbanipal also known as the Assurbanipal, was the last of the Great Kings of the Assyria Empire, and reigned between 668-627 BCE. He was the son of the previous ruler of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, King Esarhaddon, and was named “the god Ashur is creator of an heir”. In his lifetime the man achieved various things, such as, the greatest territorial expansion of the Assyrian Empire, which included the expansion and invasion of Persia, Syrua, Egypt, and Babylonia – Although, Egypt was lost as a result of revolt. He was marked as a popular king, who ruled over his natural-born citizens true and just, but outside of his empire and in the countries that the man invaded, Ashurbanipal was seen as a pernicous villain. An example of his cruelty towards those that lost in previous battles with him, would be a scene depicting a defeated king with a dog chain sized through his jawbone, and being forced to live inside of a kennal after his capture and most likely till the time of his death.

The greatest king of the Ramessides monarchs was named Ramesses II. He is known for his many architectural accomplishments, as well has holding the second longest reign of kings

The greatest king of the Ramessides monarchs was named Ramesses II. He is known for his many architectural accomplishments, as well has holding the second longest reign of kings

In the time from 1792 to 1750 B.C., King Hammurabi established the capital of Babylon. He gained control over Sumner and Akkad which helped him to reestablish Mesopotamia. Hammurabi saw himself as a man of war and a man of peace. He took strong interest in state affairs, which you can see in the Code of Hammurabi. Hammurabi built temples, defensive walls, and irrigation canals as well as encouraging trade and brought about an economic revival (Spielvogel).

This topic includes Who ruled Mesopotamia, How the civilization came into power, and how long the power or reign of authority. The person who mostly ruled Mesopotamia was Hammurabi. (Rest in introduction) Mesopotamia’s power came to be through the Babylonian’s rise of power. After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, two new empires rose to power. They were the Babylonians in the south and the Assyrians to the North. The Babylonians were first to form an empire that would encompass all of Mesopotamia. The city of Babylon had been a city-state in Mesopotamia for many years. After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, the city was taken over and settled by the Amorites. The city began its rise to power in 1792 BC when King Hammurabi took the throne. He was a powerful and capable leader who wanted to rule more than just the city of Babylon. Not long after becoming King, Hammurabi began to conquer other city-states within the area. Within a few years, Hammurabi had conquered all of Mesopotamia including much of the Assyrian lands to the North. Under Hammurabi’s rule, the city of Babylon became the most powerful city in the world. Located on the banks of the Euphrates River, the city was a major trade hub bringing together new concepts and products. Babylon also became the largest city in the world at the time with as many as 200,000 people living there at its peak. At the center of the city was a large temple called a ziggurat. This temple looked

Chapter 4 Terms Chanani - The Chanani were a group of people who lived in modern-day Lebanon. They were better known as the Phoenicians. They were known as the Phoenicians because of a purple dye they traded. They were excellent shipbuilders and were very good at navigating thru the oceans. The Chanani were an important part of the economy.

The city of Babylon was eventually controlled by Alexander and immediately the other Persia cities like Susa and Persepolis have surrendered. This victory supplied him a great amount of treasures and great number of slaves.

Alexander the Great who was born in Macedonia in july,20 356 BC, his father the emperor Fillip II. whose conquests were notorious throughout the Middle East is conquering much of all Mediterranean to Afghanistan and eastern Iran in a period of 10 years. even Syria, this mighty king was raised to replace his father in the kingdom. study at the feet of Aristotle, in his intellectual formation.

He dealt a crushing blow to Babylonia, reaching the shores of the Persian Gulf. On his orders, many prisoners were taken to Assyria. At the same time, he did not cause any significant damage to any city in Babylonia. Having conquered Babylonia, Tiglath-Pileser III proclaimed himself king of Assyria and Babylonia; As king of Babylon, he ruled under the name of Pulu, and his full title sounded: "Tiglath-Pileser king great, king of might, king of sets, king of Assyria, king of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad, king of four countries of the world."

King Nebuchadnezzar II (634-562 BCE) was the greatest king of ancient Babylon, succeeding his father, Nabopolassar. King Nabopolassar had defeated the Assyrians with the help of the Medes and liberated Babylonia from Assyrian rule. In this way he provided for his son (as Philip II would do for his son Alexander later) a stable base and ample wealth on which to build an opportunity for greatness which Nebuchadnezzar took full advantage of. Nebuchadnezzar II defeated the Egyptians and their allies the Assyrians at Carchemish, subdued Palestine and the region of Syria and, consolidating his power, controlled all the trade routes across Mesopotamia from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea. Remaining true to the vision of his inaugural address, the great king spent the tolls he collected and the taxes he gathered in creating a city which, he hoped, would be recognized as a wonder of the world (and, indeed, his hopes were realized in later writers adding the walls of Babylon and, in particular, the Ishtar gate to the list of the Seven Wonders of the World). In the forty-three years of his reign, Nebuchadnezzar II made the most of the time employing a vast army of slave labor to surround his city with walls so thick that chariot races were conducted around the tops and which stretched fifty-six miles in length, encircling an area of two hundred square miles.

After Solomon died, the kingdom was divided into two: the Northern Kingdom, called Israel and the Southern Kingdom, called Judah. Common elements of two nations are that both the kings of Israel and Judah practiced idolatry. One of the most terrible king of Israel is king Ahab who ignores the God and spread idol worship of Baal. Although many of the kings served idols, a few kings of Judah served the God faithfully. One of the good kings of Judah is king Jehoshaphat who worshiped the God and educate his people do so too.

While the most descriptive accounts of the Gardens come from Greek history experts such as Berossus and Diodorus Siculus, Babylonian records stay silent on the matter. Tablets from the time of Nebuchadnezzar do not have a single reference to the Hanging Gardens, although descriptions of his palace, the city of Babylon, and the walls are found. Even the history experts who give described/explained descriptions of the Hanging Gardens never saw them. Modern history experts argue that when Alexander's soldiers reached the life-giving land of Mesopotamia and saw Babylon, they were impressed. When they later returned to their rugged homeland, they had stories to tell about the amazing gardens and palm trees at Mesopotamia.. About the palace of Nebuchadnezzar..

The Walls of Babylon were once considered one of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World. There were actually two massive walls that surrounded the entire city. Archeologists estimate that the walls were over 50 miles long with each wall being around 23 feet wide and 35 feet tall. There were also massive towers at intervals along the wall that may have been hundreds of feet tall.

Babylonian civilization is considered as one of the most important civilizations in the ancient world. The Babylonians took and developed everything after the Sumerians civilization especially in the spiritual realm and in the field of building an integrated civilization. The earlier civilizations had big role in the Babylonians civilization period when Babylonians took all the cuneiform writing, mathematical and astronomical knowledge, in addition to that the method of building cities, dams and etc. they improved all of them. The development of knowledge continued by Babylonian where the Sumerians stop, and the Babylonian built an empire for themselves on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the southern part of Sumer (Iraq). "The first Amuriyahian family has ruled over Babylon in the period (1830- 1530 BC), when Babylon was a mini-states at the time." Then the greatest king of Babylonian Hammurabi appeared in the seventeenth century BC. He established a famous group of laws known by (Hammurabi code).Also he was the king who united this petty States and achieved an important architectural movement in the city of Babylon.