Nutritional Requirements Of Adults Before Transplantation Essay

The medical practice of organ transplantation has grown by leaps and bounds over the last 50 years. Each year the medical profession takes more risk with decisions regarding transplants, how to allocate for organs, and most recently conducting transplants on children with adult organs. “An organ transplantation is a surgical operation where a failing or damaged organ in the human body is removed and replaced with a new one” (Caplan, 2009). Not all organs can be transplanted. The term “organ transplant” typically refers to transplants of solid organs: heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and intestines. There are two ways of receiving an organ transplant: from a living human or an organ from a

In this society, organ transplant surgery has been perfected to where no risk is present. However, organs still have a high demand with low supply. In addition, the only people eligible to receive organs are those who came to their ailment at no fault of their own. In other words, they did not smoke, drink, or eat in manners that caused their diseased organs. The people who donate organs have to be perfectly healthy as well to eliminate unhealthy organs for donation.

In this assignment I will be describing the characteristics of nutrients and the benefits to the body.

14. Dietary supplements do not require government approval before entering the market, and manufacturers alone decide whether their products are safe and effective.

In December of 1954, the first human organ transplant was performed in the United States between identical twin brothers. In the past sixty years, organ transplantation has become the gold standard in the treatment of organ failure from a number of underlying causes with dramatic improvements to recipients’ health and quality of life (Kaserman, 2007). From the first kidney transplant in 1954 to the late 1980’s, one of the biggest advancements was the use of cadaver organs. Organ rejection was the primary concern from the transplant team who knew that the use of cadaver organs posed higher risks of failure.

The ethical principle nonmaleficence focuses on avoiding and minimizing harm. For a person to become a member of the transplant registry, they must forego a very extensive physical and psychological assessment. Each transplant list patient must also have the transplant surgeon’s final decision putting them on the list. The potential recipient, according to London Health Science Centre (2011) is assigned a “status code”. “The lowest number (1) indicates a patient is relatively stable and who is home and not in hospital. The highest number (4) is a patient on life support in ICU and will die within days if not transplant. Except level (4) surgeons prefer blood group compatibility and organ size before determining organ match” (p.

Available became controversial. While the question of the dialysis machine is still controversial, the health system was caught in another ethical dilemma regarding organ transplantation. Organ transplantation is closely linked to the issue of cleanliness because patients with kidney failure can get an organ transplant as an alternative to hemodialysis. The issue is complicated by the fact Medicare is financed by organ transplant, and there are those who believe that the distribution of rare transplant is not right. There are thousands of terminal patients whose lives can be saved by organ transplantation, but there are no formulas of work that can be used to determine which of the thousands of patients will be given priority. It is left to the discretion of medical officers to decide who is worth saving. The ability to keep someone alive by replacing one or more of their major organs is a splendid achievement of medicine of the 20th century.

The participants of the IPT were chosen for their expertise, years of experience, certification, and passion for the patient-centered challenge. All the participants work in transplant administration. None of these individuals divide their time between the hospital and transplant administration. Too, they only see transplant patients in the in-patient and out-patient setting. The IPT members are as follows with their credentials, education, experience, expertise: PA-C, MPAS, Transplant Physician Extender, 10 ½ years as a physician assistant, 8 years as a transplant physician assistant; one transplant coordinator, RN, CCTN, 7 ½ years as a nurse, 2 years as a transplant coordinator, 3 years as a certified transplant nurse; MS, RDN, LD, CNSC, Transplant Nutrition Specialist, Nutritionist, 24 years as a dietician, 13 years as certified nutrition support clinician,

If the transplant is successful the amount of insulin that the patient needs will reduce as the islet cells produce the insulin the body needs. (4)(5) However, there is a lack of suitable donors, especially in New Zealand, where your family can decide whether your organs are donated, despite your wishes. (6) This lead to research into and the introduction of

The BAPEN MUST assessment complies with the NICE (2006) guidelines on nutritional support in adults and stipulates that a clear process should be established for documenting the outcomes of screening and have developed a section which shows audit criteria. The standards clearly urge and support the implementation of effective nutritional screening and stress the importance of its use within practice under section 1.2, commenting that screening should be carried out by healthcare professionals with the appropriate skills are training on all hospital inpatients on admissions, which should be repeated weekly, matching the guidelines for the screening tool used (NICE, 2006). The nutritional tool used by the authors Trust also

Patient /caregiver knows the suitable and correct choice of the dietary intake when she is discharged to home.

It does this by matching blood type, tissue type, and organ size. Currently, importance is given to patients who are in more urgent need of the organ according to how long they have been on the waiting list and their physical condition. UNOS encourages transplant centers to follow the following criteria when they distribute organs: 1) medical need; 2) probability of a successful transplant; 3) how long the patient has been on the waiting list.7 There has been debate on whether or not to give priority to patients who are not seriously ill because they would have a higher chance of successful transplantation. This is another ethical dilemma that arises from organ rationing, should priority be given to patients who are in a more critical condition or to patients who have a higher chance of effective transplant? Wealthier patients are also at advantage because they are able to be listed on multiple waiting. This is because they can afford the evaluation at multiple clinics. Each evaluation can cost tens of thousands of

Javier Castro, 74-year-old Hispanic male natively from Nicaragua, Central America. Primary language of patient is Spanish and religion preference is catholic. Mr. Castro is currently residing with daughter in the U.S. who is caring for him. Patient is being admitted today for possible heart attack and morbidity obese. Patient is at high risk for malnutrition with a medical history of high blood pressure and cholesterol. Medications currently taken by patient are for blood pressure, cholesterol and diuretics. Mr. Castro will be fully assessed for nutritional risks. Lab results of hydration/ kidney function and cardiac enzymes are currently pending for results and a nutritional screening protocol has been ordered by the physician along with a diet order of (NPO diet), meaning “nothing by mouth”. What this means, is that until physician reads lab results, the patient cannot have anything to eat or

Organs that can be donated include the heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and small intestines. Organs are used to save lives by replacing diseased organs with healthy ones. One organ donor can save the lives of up to eight people. When someone is able to donate organs and a person who needs the organ receives it, many new doors for that person are open. Critically ill children who undergo organ transplants today are more likely than ever to recover and return to their schools, playgrounds and a quality of life that in many cases is virtually indistinguishable from that of friends who have never faced a life-threatening disease. Cory Scott is living proof. The 15-year-old returned to his Jacksonburg, W.Va., home less than two months after his heart, ruined by cardiomyopathy, was replaced with a donor heart at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh on Aug. 15, 2002. He had been kept alive on a mechanical ventricular assist device for several weeks before the surgery. People who need an organ transplant are usually very ill or dying, because on or more of their organs is failing. They range from babies and children through to older people. People needing a tissue transplant cane be of any age. In some cases, tissue transplant can be of any age. IN some cases, tissue transplantation can save lives. More often, it greatly improves the recipient’s life. Also many people are on

Morbid obesity, which is also called extreme obesity or class III, is defined as an individual having a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or greater. This classification is made based on increased risk for comorbidities, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, gallbladder disease, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, osteoarthritis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hormonal cancers, and depression, among others.1