Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Those with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Effects on Blood Pressure
One issue faced daily in primary care is the incidence of hypertension. This disease impacts approximately 25% of the adult population in the world. Risk factors for hypertension include genetics, poor diet, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and other disease processes. In addition, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been recognized as an additional risk factor in the development of hypertension according to European and US guidelines (Pepin et al, 2014). According to Ohio State physicians Magalang and Valentine, (2015), there are possibly ten million people who have resistant hypertension, and most of those have OSA. In contrast, the National Sleep Foundation explains that sleep apnea affects more than 18 million people (Sleepapnea.org, n.d.). These numbers are staggering. A diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea increases a patient’s chances of developing hypertension. With this information in mind, it is prudent to recognize the correlation between treating obstructive sleep apnea with CPAP therapy and the benefits of this therapy in regards to blood pressure. Keeping in mind that many patients with sleep apnea have hypertension, questions remain regarding treatment options. Today, many patients use more than two medications in order to decrease their blood pressures; unfortunately, this does not always work (Magalang & Valentine, 2015). If it is our duty as
* Obstructive Sleep Apnea is when the pharyngeal airway collapses or narrows respectively during sleep. It is accompanied by excessive daytime sleepiness and risk for cardiovascular disease. Risk factors for OSA include obesity, large soft palate/tongue, the male sex, and aging.
In serious cases, the continuous oxygen deprivation caused by sleep apnea can lead to high blood pressure, heart attacks, strokes, or even sudden death.Here are some steps that help many people with sleep apnea to sleep better:Stop use of all alcohol or sleep medicines.If you are overweight, lose weight.Sleep on your side instead of your back. Sometimes, sewing a tennis ball into the back of a night-shirt can prevent this from occurring.If you still have problems, you can wear a special mask over your nose and mouth while you are sleeping. The mask will keep your airway open by adding pressure to the air you breathe. The mask helps most people with sleep apnea. In very few cases, surgery is necessary to remove tonsils or extra tissue in the throat. Whatever the treatment, remember that
The population who are diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often experience daytime drowsiness and are at risk for ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, hypertension, and other vascular related problems (Hsu et al., 2007). There are several treatment options for people with OSA, which are weight loss, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), dental appliances, and surgical procedure. This study evaluates patients who have
Obstructive sleep apnea has become an increasingly big problem in the United States. It is also apparent that obesity is also one of the biggest epidemics in our country as well. There is no question that both obesity and having obstructive sleep apnea go hand in hand for several reasons. I will go into some detail as to why these two go hand in hand, how young kids are now having issues with these two things, and what we as a society can do about it.
Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be a common form of sleep-disordered breathing and increase the overall risk of mortality by one and a half times in serious cases, many patients with OSA remain undiagnosed and unrecognized by healthcare professionals (Stuart et al, 2013). Depending on the source, up to approximately 10% of women and 25% of men have OSA, while the overall prevalence of OSA in the general population is between 3% and 7%. OSA is more common in individuals who are obese, older, male, African American or of Pacific Island descent, have a family history of OSA, or have a large neck size/small airway. Patients with OSA have been shown to have a higher incidence of significant systemic conditions such as hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, diabetes, and dementia. Some of the eye problems linked to OSA include glaucoma/other optic neuropathies, retinal vein occlusions, central serous retinopathy (CSR), papilledema/idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), floppy eyelid syndrome (FES), and corneal disorders (i.e. keratoconus). This provides optometrists and ophthalmologists with a tremendous opportunity to play an important role in diagnosing and managing patients with OSA as well as improving their quality of life.
Heart issues: problems like congestive heart failure and fibrillation issues can contribute to sleep apnea.
There is a strong association between obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension, among cardiac conditions such as heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and coronary heart disease. OSA and hypertension share similar risk factors such as age and obesity, and are commonly co-morbid. During an obstructive sleep apnea episode the patient experiences reduced airflow due to obstruction in the upper airway, leading to hypoxia and hypercapnia, the patient is typically awakened by these episodes. Due to hypoxia, OSA causes an increase in sympathetic activity, endothelial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. Increase systemic activity leads to an increase in both heart rate and blood pressure. Endothelial dysfunction is an imbalance of vasorelaxation
The most commonly used therapy for obstructive sleep apnea is continuous positive airway pressure also known as CPAP. This therapy is used to maintain a constant continuous pressure during both inhalation and exhalation
Avi Weisfogel is a dentist who uses oral remedies to treat sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a disorder that blocks breathing when one is asleep. This disorder mostly affects people who are overweight. Although the disorder is said to mainly come from overweight issues there are other factors that can cause it. People with genetic issues like enlarged tonsils and chronic nasal conditions are at a higher risk of suffering from sleep apnea.From the data gotten from Dr. Avi Weisfogel`s research adults are more likely to suffer from this disorder than children. The most common symptom is snoring. However sleep apnea patients can suffer from drowsiness, forgetfulness and even severe headaches. This is because the patients sleep is often disturbed from
Sleep apnea, which involves breathing that’s interrupted during sleep, is a severe sleep disorder that affects 22 million Americans. Breathing can be interrupted as much as hundreds of time, which causes the brain, as well as other areas of the body, to not receive enough oxygen. One way to treat this sleep disorder is by using CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) therapy. This entails using a machine that delivers air pressure through a mask that’s been placed over a person’s nose while sleeping.
Sleep apnea is becoming increasingly more concerning for the association this sleep disorder poses to the psychological effects on people. Sleep deprivation is only one example of the effects caused by this medical condition which could be related to increased anxiety and depression. Millions of Americans suffer from sleep apnea without even realizing the sleep disorder is creating a problem. There has been significant progress in identifying sleep apnea, especially obstructive sleep apnea, and creating successful methods to help individuals more easily live with it. The thought of losing breath while sleeping without knowing this is occurring can intimidate an individual and his or her family.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) describes the situation when the patients are pauses in breathing or infrequent breathing during sleep and is usually associated with reduction in blood oxygen saturation. In recent decades, sleep quality has decreased significantly. Large segments of population suffer at least occasionally from sleep disorders such as, difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, disturbing sleep patterns. Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder, also known as sleep apnea-hypopnea. It is recognized as an important cause of medical morbidity and motility, and it's associated with a wide range of significant medical squeal, including metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease and arterial hypertension. Smoking is a significant
Obesity is established as one of the leading risk factors for development of both type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep Apnea(OSA). Obesity is medically defined as a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. Clearly, this isn’t just a cosmetic concern. The Body Mass Index (BMI) numerical range is 30.0-34.9 is consider obese (1) 35.0-39.9 obese (2), finally 40.0 above is extreme obesity (3). When it comes to Obesity it normally does not have just one underlining issue. Other factors are cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Most likely a patient will develop a serious sleeping disorder, one called obstructive sleep apnea(OSA). This causes breathing to repeatedly stop and start during sleep. The throat muscles intermittently relax and block the airway during sleeping. Several signs of sleep apnea exist for example; loud snoring, shorter sleeping duration, poor quality of sleep, high blood pressure, morning headaches, decrease libido, weight gain, and even death due to lack of air. Polysomnography is medically performed to evaluate the presence of OSA and its severity.
There are some other important things to watch out for, if you want a relief for sleep apnea causes and symptoms.
However, obstructive sleep apnea is just the opposite in which, it affects around two to four percent of kids’. The results of sleep