University of the Philippines-Manila
School of Health Sciences Department of Medicine
PABASA SA NUTRISYON: IT’S EFFECT ON THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHERS & NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF 0-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Medicine
University of the Philippines Manila, School of Health Sciences
Palo, Leyte
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Medicine
By:
Felicilda, Maybelle S.
Paganpan, Mary Michelle R.
Venus, Merry Chris C.
Yanto, Ramon G.
2012
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Nutrition is recognized as a basic human right, vital to the survival, growth and development of children according to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Despite this pronouncement,
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Pabasa sa Nutrisyon is an informal and fun way of discussing healthy practices with mothers. It has been implemented widely through government agencies and non-government organizations. It is very convenient for municipal and city health officers who need educational materials and tools for health and nutrition education. Because the materials are sturdy, Pabasa materials can be used repeatedly. Local government executives have been very supportive of this project.
Nutritional status of children, on the other hand is an indicator of host of factors. Of the factors: access to food, distribution of food within the household, quantity of food intake by the child and decision-making or food expenditure can be considered to be highly influencing the level of malnutrition. All these factors are part and parcel of the role of mothers.
In a traditional male dominated society, most of the women are housewives rather than earners for the family. However this situation has changed over the years. Although at present many mothers work same as the father they still spend greater number of hours on child and household activities than that of the male counterparts. Therefore, mothers have to make a choice in meeting all such demands. It is clear, that the nutritional condition of children is highly dependent on how mothers successfully complete their duties and responsibilities towards their
Despite the vast research on nutrition and health, malnutrition is still a major fatality in this present day. Policymakers, social scientist and medical experts have expressed alarm about the growing problem. While most agree that the issue deserves attention, consensus dissolves around how to respond and resolve the problem. Malnourishment continues to be a primary health liability in developing nations such as Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. It is globally the most significant risk factor for illness and death, predominantly with hundreds of millions of pregnant women
1990 - Infant Health and Development Programme, helps to teach maternal mothers the importance of proper diet to low-weight newborns. This brings light to the connection between proper physical and mental health.
Nutrition is important to understand because it is a significant contributor to the health and wellness of a human being. Nutrition can determine the weight of a person, the performance of organs and the body’s ability to prevent or accelerate certain diseases. Health and nutrition can be influenced by several factors such as family, friends, peers as well as physical and mental stress. As a young child, the immediate family is the biggest influence on nutrition because they are the first role models and establish the initial habits that the individual will develop. Through daily meal plans given to children, they can develop a standard of care in regard to nutrition and then incorporate key food groups into their daily diet. A child’s
Malnutrition is a problem that is estimated to contribute to more than one third of death among children (WHO, 2014). Under nutrition is a form of malnutrition; it occurs when nutritional reserves are exhausted or nutritional intake is insufficient to satisfy daily needs or increased metabolic demands (Jarvis, 2013, p. 175). Prolonged periods in this state can lead to stunted growth which is associated with lower
It is said that breastfeeding is the best food source possible for infants, and that it is the most cost effective way to improve the health of both child and mother, while having the ability to lower rates of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases (Simard et al, 2005). One of their objectives throughout the years since 1995, was to establish the reason behind diminishing rates of lower income women in Quebec, who choose not to breastfeed their children despite the benefits of breastfeeding outweighing the negative effects. Florence Nightingale’s theory fits within establishing the promotion and understanding as to why some women decide not to breastfeed, as part of her theory believed in the role that the environment plays on our health and decisions regarding it (Alligood & Marriner-Tomey, 2013). It was said that one must move past understanding the person and look more into the environment they are placed within (Pirani, 2016). In the case of the Canadian Prenatal Nutrition Program’s decision, to study this in order to reach the optimal nutrition to a group of women and children shows the influence Nightingale’s theory had on modern day programs. By studying a group of low income women in Quebec who showed the most diminish rates of breastfeeding and instead of focusing on the women individually; the program is able to find external factors
Children and young people’s health and development is closely linked to their dietary choice as they need the right amount of nutrients necessary to keep their energy and to maintain the body for growth, tissue repair, healthy skin, hair and teeth, red blood cells and strong immune system.
Poor health can affect the building of relationships between parent and others, resulting in a lack of confidence and independence. However, nurseries that contribute to improving children’s diets through the promotion of consistent healthy eating enables them to make healthy food choices and to develop lifelong healthy eating habits. A good diet is essential for good
Like any country, there are a variety of health concerns. About 50 percent of the children are malnourished-phsycially and mentally. When people experience malnourishment, often times it can stunt people’s growth as such a young age. Some illnesses are heart disease, kidney damage, and anemia, which can lead into adulthood.
A mothers nutritional status, before and during her pregnancy has a powerful impact on the lifelong health for her child. It is now even believed by some researchers say that “the 9 months of pregnancy are the most consequential period of our lives, permanently influencing the wiring of the brain and the function of organs like the heart, liver and pancreas. They also suggest that the conditions we encounter in utero shape everything from our susceptibility to disease, to our appetite and metabolism, to our intelligence and temperament” (Kresser). The mother’s prenatal care, nutrition, and precautions taken all play a key role in the child’s development for later in life. Since the
Due to the unrest in Somalia, many children are malnourished because they are deprived of a balance diet.
A number of determinants place pregnant women at higher risk of poor nutritional status at antenatal periods including older maternal age, Indigenous status, ethnic background and family history, most of these risk factors are not modifiable. However, poor nutrition and diet related disease are frequently present in also association with other modifiable-socioeconomic and interpersonal determinants, The National Health Performance Framework indicated the important of social determinants to the health of disadvantage population, this framework includes socioeconomic and community factors, and individual factors Such as income, health literacy and educational attainment. Those determinants can be addressed
A large problem of childhood poverty is malnutrition. Since these children are growing up in poverty, many of the parents have a hard time supplying food for their kids. Surprisingly, there
Heath is of the utmost importance in raising a child, and is the biggest factor of a child’s physical development in middle childhood. When a child is receiving the proper nutrition he or she needs, they grow at the
Foods and their nutrients are essential to life. In the beginning years of life an infant’s nutritional health depends on the family unit. Parents must have knowledge of the changing food needs of the child and must also have sufficient resources to provide food, shelter, and clothing for the family. Equally important, parents create the cultural and psychological environment that influences the
The rise in poverty has led to the increase in nutritional needs for young ones.