One topic that biologists are most interested in is the patterns of life on Earth. One of the ultimate questions for a biologist to answer is how do new species arise, and for what reasons do they disappear? Biologists all over the world are searching for answers regarding the rapidly diminishing amounts, and in some cases, extinction of many of Earth’s species. Scientists are coming out with results that show current anthropogenic climate change is the main culprit for Earth’s continuing loss of biodiversity. With estimations showing future continuing rapid decreases and losses in biodiversity, climate change is likely leading Earth into its sixth mass extinction. Across history there have been many cycles of change in Earth’s climate, whether it be cooling or warming, but today’s climate change differs greatly. Humans have influenced the environment so greatly that we are experiencing anthropogenic climate change. The combination of human activities such as habitat destruction, overfishing, and pollution has multiplied the problem and is causing a startling decline in Earth’s biodiversity. Biodiversity, the totality of Earth’s species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity, is at great risk if temperatures keep increasing. If global warming passes approximately 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, the IPCC concludes that of the species assessed, 20-30 percent will have a high risk of extinction during the next century (Pearson 19). Many of Earth’s species will find it difficult to keep
The interview I have chosen to analyse is a television interview by Piers Morgan with Cheryl Cole. It took place in a studio in front of a live audience. The interview is to gain knowledge over Cheryl’s personal life, and Piers obviously has vivid background knowledge of her life along with some pre-prepared questions to ask.
Climate change has affected us in many ways, but it was even more influential on organisms and their community. The Earth is gradually heating and we are left to deal with the consequences. Homes are being destroyed, organisms are dying, and resources are running low. Since 1880, Our Earth’s temperature had increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius. Climate change is affecting the Earth and scientists say that one more degree will greatly affect people from all over the world. There are many consequences of climate change and each one has a great impact on all of us, but organisms’ homes are being destroyed and thousands of species are dying out. These organisms are imperative to our world and how it functions.
Human practices such as agriculture, mineral extraction in mining, deforestation and many more have changed the Earth, as the original ecosystems were removed to put these practices in place, has resulted in a biodiversity crisis. These ecosystems helped to maintain the balance of the Earth and since they have been removed the balance has shifted (Da Silva, J. M. C. and Chennault, C. M., 2018). Temperatures have increased which has resulted in the ice bergs and glaciers
concerned of the effects climate change could have on the world. There is so much evidence that climate change exist so we need to find a way to stop climate change so the effects of climate change won’t happen. We soon learned that the cause of climate change could have been through greenhouse gases. There are different types of greenhouse gases, but the one we’re going to talk about is carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases (which are located below the atmosphere) are gases that allow light from the sun to pass through the gases and some light/heat back out into space, but a certain amount of light gets trapped on the earth. This is called the greenhouse effect.
Climate change will not only accelerate the species extinction rate, but also bring a higher chances of survival of certain endangered species, which indicates that the impact of climate change on biodiversity is double-sided (Bellard et al. 2012).
After calculating a global mean extinction rate and figuring out which factors came into play, Urban concluded that extinction risks rise as global temperature rises. It is important for us to observe the effect that climate change has on extinction because, as Urban mentioned, “0 to 54% of species could become extinct from climate change”.
Anthropogenic activity has caused significant transformations to our natural ecosystems due to a diverse suite of interdependent factors. Human action includes the large-scale commercialization and industrialization of activities such as mining, fishing, agriculture, hunting and forestry. These human-driven changes have left a ‘fingerprint’ on the natural landscape, which has undoubtedly altered the structure and function of the Earth’s biogeochemical cycles (Vitousek et. al, 1997). The relatively rapid rise in global temperatures over the last few hundred years as a result of anthropogenic activities has had a grave effect on taxonomic abundance, diversity and distributions and its impacts have been studied across thousands of species (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003). One ecological response to current climate change is range shifts, where species distributions change due to taxa-specific physiological limitations and the interactions between other biotic and abiotic factors. As global warming increases, these pockets of inhabitable climatic conditions are predicted to move polewards or towards higher latitudes. Considering other factors such as motility, dispersal, resource availability and competitive
As Earths average temperature increases every year, the discussion of climate change has become a significant topic in the scientific community. Human activities such as powering factories, running automobiles or something as simple as burning wood for heat, emit dangerous greenhouse gases. What makes these greenhouse gases so detrimental is that they absorb the heat radiating off of Earth and keep it in the lower atmosphere creating a “blanket” of warmth around the Earth’s surface. This causes a drastic increase in the Earths average temperature. Due to the rise in temperature, the polar caps have been melting faster than ever, this is dangerous not only because of the risk of floods and sea level increase but ocean water will become less saline and ecosystems will be destroyed, impacting humans just as much as marine life. In the article, Understand faulty thinking to tackle climate change by George Marshall, Marshall states that most people in our world today do not care about climate change because it will not affect them, “Which points to the real problem: climate change is exceptionally amorphous, … no deadlines, no geographic location, no single cause or solution.” (Marshall 2014). Because the author makes it clear that climate change is indeed a great plight, and fails to be acknowledged by people, it is a significant matter that should be discussed
One of the more interesting and scary events in climate changes are the mass extinctions that they associated with. Currently we are undergoing the sixth great mass extinction event in our planet's history. While several of these events were due to volcano activity or asteroid strikes, others were due a change in Earth's climate. It is estimated that the Earth is losing species to extinction at 1,000 to 10,000 times the natural rate (The Extinction Crisis, n.d). The primary driver for this extinction event are humans. Several factors are involved, but climate change is a major one. Past extinctions cannot be solely linked to global warming, but planetary warming is strongly associated with those mass extinctions. The Permian extinction coincided
Climate change is responsible for environmental changes in the world, such as rising ocean levels and increased global temperatures. Climate change is having more of an effect on the earth already than most people would believe. Looking at the animal populations on small islands reveals a decline in various species. In fact, due to human induced climate change a small mammal has gone extinct. What’s significant about this is that this is the first mammal to go extinct due to human induced climate change.
The current rate of extinction is 100 times higher than the naturally occurring rate, and that is only including known species. There are still many undiscovered species in the far reaches of our forests and in the darkest depths of our oceans. Since 1900, 468 more vertebrates have gone extinct than should have, according to the calculated natural rate of extinction (Kaplan 15). It is estimated that at this current rate of extinction, three-quarters of species could completely disappear from the face of the Earth within the next several hundred years. (Drake 4). This sixth mass extinction could soon be comparable to the extinction of the
Starting ninth grade almost what seemed like forever and a half ago, the last two weeks of October were filled with minimal Tri-State wide preparation for the imminent storm. “Remember how Irene was bull shit last year?” and “Being the weatherman is the only job where you still get paid for being wrong” were the two most hackneyed sayings. During the last week of October, the storm was taken a little more seriously; school had been shut down and all of the desks, pencils, and notebooks had been swapped out with jugs of water, cots, and self-heating military meals. The entire island was in a frenzy. The line to acquire gas could be compared to that of the 1973 Oil Crisis.
Not to mention “...both groups emphasized that climate change would play an increasing role in species decline…” (Gilman). Climate change is still a controversial topic to some, but many scientists have proven that it’s true. In fact, Neil Degrasse Tyson has given evidence to prove its truth and already informed the world that it’s too late to fix people’s mistakes (Neil). The extinction of species has been caused in certain instances by climate change, which is only getting worse. People have continuously altered the environment to the point of harming other species. The human race’s tendency to destroy an environment greatly impacts the plants and animals residing there. To be more specific, “Human destruction of animal and plant habitat...appear to be having a major impact on extinction rates” (Wilson). Environmental degradation and habitat destruction are both key players in the extinction of many world species. The impact people have had on the environment is much bigger than most anticipate, as they both destroy and intervene with the environment.
The role of climate in the origin and adaptations of humans relate to the past and the future. Several hypotheses have been proposed that intimates that climate driven environmental changes were responsible for hominin speciation, the morphological shift to bipedality, enlarged cranial capacity, behavioral adaptability, cultural innovations, and intercontinental immigrations events. These hypotheses are based on correlations between climate shifts documented in oceanic deposits and events in hominin evolution recorded by fossils (Evans, 2012). Therefore, all organisms encounter some environmental change which could affect these organisms by raising the level of instability and uncertainly in their survival conditions, because some organisms prefer a particular type of vegetation or temperature. But, when the organisms’ habitat change, they can move and track their habitat or adapt to the new habitat by genetic change (human origins, 2016). Meanwhile, the link between climate change and biodiversity has been establish. Climate has always changed with ecosystems and species coming and going, rapid climate change effects ecosystems and species ability to adapt and so biodiversity loss increase. But, from a human point, the rapid climate change and accelerations biodiversity loss human security is at risk; such as a major change in the food chain which we depend on, water resources may change, recede, or disappear, and medicines and other resources in which we rely on may be harder to obtain as the plants are derived from what they need to survive reduces or disappear (Shah,
The process of species extinction accelerated with rapid human activities and in the current scenario, many species are in the queue of extinction. We are losing our uncounted valuable biodiversity, in a sense, we still don’t have exact idea of how many species are surviving globally, and we are losing them before we