US policy in Pakistan largely centres around expending military aid to combat regional terrorism and facilitate peace in Afghanistan. However, it has hardly achieved any tangible results.
The Pakistani army, which supersedes it’s elected government, diverted these funds towards anti-India terror factions for covert proxy wars due to it’s historic rivalry with India. These terror factions carried out the Mumbai terror attacks in 2008, attracting censure from Pakistan’s civilians and international condemnation at a time when US strategic convergence with India was growing. Simultaneous changes in Pakistan’s military leadership led to attempts to dissolve these groups, who turned on it instead. They subsequently allied themselves with
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The fundamental problem was a lack of leverage : Pakistan had no interest in a peaceful Afghanistan but the US had no other partner to turn to.
Eventually, the Pakistan army lost control over some of these terror groups, who linked up with al-Qaeda, Taliban and more recently, the Islamic State, across the porous Afghanistan border. In light of pressure from the US and it’s growing non-state actors, the Pakistan military attempted to curb these groups but failed. Consequently, these groups pledged alliance to one of al-Qaeda, Taliban or the Islamic State and amped up terror attacks within Pakistan. This reached the tipping point in December 2014, when members of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan killed 243 children in an army school. In response, the Pakistani army killed 3500 terrorists of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan and other internal terror factions in Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) near the Afghanistan border, over the last two years. Simultaneously, the Pakistani media blamed the US for Pakistan’s thriving internal violence and anti-American sentiment amongst civilians grew.
While this was a major counter-terrorism initiative, Pakistan has an episodic history of reverting to proxy terrorism. It continues to harbour anti-India terror groups, which could be refocused towards India, once tensions with the Tehrik-i-Taliban subside and Pakistan could resume double crossing the US. However,
The Pakistani government was involved in an attack on Mumbai that killed over one hundred and fifty people. The captured militants who executed the attack were never brought to proper justice, an incarcerated terrorist confessed that Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence agency aided the attack, and the Pakistani government freed the militant group’s commander for no plausible reason. Pakistan has denied all accusations of its’ involvement but evidence shows that they played a key role in this devastating siege.
The role of USA in India – Pakistan war is not only interesting to note due to full of pitfalls, biased views, superior pride and an attitude – uncalled for. After a long discussion of Mr. L K Jha, then the Indian ambassador to US, regarding the position of India in case Pakistan does not halt influx of refugees to India and is not
I do not think our team realized that Pakistan relied heavily on the monetary aid that received from the United States. We did not do a cost-benefit analysis of how our actions could potentially create major problems for the economic wellbeing of our country. While Pakistan wants to end the war, it would not sacrifice their own wellbeing and security for anything. It would be against Pakistan’s good judgment and religious values to create a relationship with the Soviet Union. It would have been in Pakistan’s favor to maintain good relations with the US, accept humanitarian aid for the refugees and to condemn the USSR’s interference in Afghanistan by supporting a communist regime in and their subsequent
This will not only be beneficial for US-Pakistan relations but will also safeguard its strategic interests in the region in the long-term. Henry Kissinger in his book, “White House
And now it has become the root cause of all the major problems. We’re considered as land of terrorists in the eye of the world. It’s been almost 15 years that Pakistan is fighting the war against terrorism. This war gave a huge blow to the already crippled economy of Pakistan. The interest of foreign investors started descending and recently it was almost finished. Thousands of Pakistanis were killed and millions were migrated leaving everything behind. This war broke the backbone of Pakistan. They major causes that lead the people to terrorism are illiteracy and
India had strong relations with Afghan King Zahir Shah’s regime. In 1950, India and Afghanistan signed a “Friendship Treaty”. When Pakistan joined the military pacts, SEATO and CENTO, in 1954 and 1955, the Afghan Prime Minister, Sardar Daud, described the U.S. military aid to Pakistan as a grave danger to the security and peace in
Carlotta Gall’s February 6 piece in the New York Times (NYT), titled “Pakistan’s Hand in the Rise of International Jihad,” is a journalistic marvel. It spotlights the dizzying creativity a human brain is capable of when paired with a massive axe to grind. Unfortunately, for prose jammed with so many accusations, Gall’s piece is surprisingly light on substantive sources. Oh, but she makes up for this foible by heaping dollops of self-righteous Americentrism.
The book “India, Pakistan and the United States: Breaking With the Past” By Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli asserted that to assure “cold peace" between both neighbouring countries India and Pakistan, Washington must acknowledge ground realities. According to the author threats and withdrawing the assistance cannot help to make Pakistan to change its policies no incentive of any kind can do anything with regard to the policy of Pakistan. The insecurity will prevail due to maintenance of its nuclear programs. The writer further says any measure of punishing Pakistan to roll back on nuclear proliferation would not work no sanction can do any effect on its approach. The Only thing, that can work is enhancing the attention on steps of engaging Pakistan and
"In choosing to use aggressive extremism as the musical device of technique, us govt government of Pakistan, and most especially the Pakistani army and ISI, jeopardizes not only the probability of our ideal collaboration but Pakistan's opportunity to be a well-known nation with genuine regional impact. They may believe that by using these proxy servers, they are securing their wagers or redressing what they feel is a discrepancy in regional energy. In fact, they have to drop that bet." (Admiral Scott Mullen, Chair of the Combined Chiefs of Staff)
“Prior to the 1979 Soviet invasion, the government and people of Afghanistan historically had warm relations with India. Following India’s Independence from Great Britain and Partition, Afghanistan saw India as an ally in its increasingly bitter and occasionally militarized dispute with Pakistan over the inclusion of ethnic Pashtuns in the new state of Pakistan. India, like the Soviet Union, extended diplomatic and moral support to Afghanistan in its irredentist quarrel with Pakistan.38 A natural convergence of interests was inevitable between India and Afghanistan as both states realized that they had a common problem in border relations with Pakistan: Afghanistan over Pashtunistan and India over Kashmir (Yadav, 2011).”
You‘re not fit for it.”(p.164). in her daring work Bhutto exposes the reality that how state & military’s “war on terror” and Sunni & Shia’s islamization lead nation towards extremism & fundamentalism. Military’s oppression & state’s exploitation lead the people of Mir Ali towards terrorism thus suggesting that state itself has created these fanatics/extremists. She argues that the injustice of state & military officials has set Pakistani nation against each other. “Most Pakistanis thought of Mir Ali with the same hostility they reserved for India or Bangladesh; insider-traitor…”(P.19) Bhutto through her novel shows how Pakistani are alienated from society “no one prays together, travels in pairs or eats out in groups.it is how they live now,
Pakistan has done very little to address these issues. As was mentioned earlier in relation to the Afghan refugees, the police have regularly harassed, extorted, and expelled Afghans. There are also widespread allegations of corruption along the boarder with Afghanistan made by a plethora of reputable papers, and it is important to note that there are no statements made expressly about the border in the 20-point National Action Plan. In a 2014 interview with the BBC, Pakistan 's then-national security adviser, Sartaj Aziz, stated said “the entire border has been criminalized.” By allowing large parts of the country to remain essentially lawless, Pakistan provides both funding and shelter to the terrorists who hide in this mountainous region.
US-led NATO forces, which has had its effects inside Afghanistan as well as neighbourhood, particularly Pakistan. Although the latest war (post 9/11) has been a result of actions taken by non-Afghan individuals and groups , main victims have been the people of Afghanistan. With another transition approaching in 2014 when
The intense unrest caused in Afghanistan by the soviet invasion in 1979 and its subsequent spilling over into the neighboring country Pakistan, led to a series of events that were all part of a larger picture that no one was able to foresee. After the soviet withdrawal, ‘Taliban’
On 29th September 2016, the Indian army carried out surgical strikes against a number of positions along the Line of Control (LOC) in Kashmir in response to a militant attack in Uri eleven days earlier. The Indian military response is unprecedented, as India has historically responded to Pakistan’s support for militancy in the subcontinent through diplomatic channels. Even after the Mumbai attacks, which claimed the lives of 166 civilians, Indian officials published a 69 page dossier detailing the involvement of Pakistani state-agencies, and the government responded by pressurizing Pakistan on the international front, rather than attempting military action (Rabasa 2009, 12-14).