Polynestic And Genetic Diversity: The First Migration Of Near Oceania

Chapter 1: The starting point from which Diamond answers Yali’s question is 11,000 BC, the beginning of village life, 13,000 years ago. Diamond summarizes human history up to that point, starting with humans’ evolution from monkeys 7 million years ago and the Homo erectus 2.5 million years ago, all restricted to Africa and spread from there. The Great Leap Forward corresponds with the first known inhabitants of Eurasia and Australia/New Guinea. Human colonization of new continents and islands links to the extinction of many species, known as the overkill hypothesis or as some believe the climate hypothesis. Humans continued to spread to lands like Siberia and the Americas via Berlin Strait/Berlin Land Bridge leading to Alaska. Although the conditions of each continent were vastly different, someone could not have guessed that Eurasia would be the one to develop the quickest.

It was done over water at the time they brought men and women also domestic animals.

Human migration started from Africa , then led out to the Middles East. From there they went westward into Eurasia and eastward into Asia, all 45,000 years ago. With the

On the other hand, Austronesian migrations were covered by canoe. They were technologically advanced and even transported plants and animals from one place to another. Essentially, these migrations were bigger and better than anything before. They covered a larger area faster and were able to advance quickly.

5. Austronesian migrations: Is known as the spread of the Austronesian-speaking people by a waterborne migration, using canoes and navigation skills. This was the last phase of human migration that led into a human established presence in every region that was habitable in the world.

The first settlers in the Americas were not all Europeans and Africans. Many settlers spoke a variety of different languages and lived in numerous different kinds of societies. In most cases many were descendants of bands of hunters and fishers who had also crossed the Bering Strait thru a land bridge at various times between 15,000- 60,000 years ago. Others might have arrived by sea from Asia, and the Pacific Islands. However, history in North and South America did not start with the approaching of the Europeans.

Michael Kingston’s “Creating a Criminal” Discuss a new law known as Section 598b of the California Penal Code. 598b states Every Person is guilty of a misdemeanor who possesses, import into the state, sells, buys, gives away, or accepts any carcass of any animal traditionally or commonly kept as a pet/companion with the sole intent of killing and using the animal for food. Kingston brings up a good point on what exactly is constituted as a pet? In America cats and dogs are traditionally regarded as pets. However people who traditionally eat dogs or cats as food are Vietnamese. He also explains that “ A Vietnamese-American family, canine-eating family is no more a threat to the pet-trading industry than a family of European

According to the standard accepted theory, the Clovis people were the first inhabitants of the Americas. The Clovis people crossed the Beringia land bridge during the period of the last ice age, from there they spread across the Americas through an ice free-corridor. However, recent finding have suggested that the first people did not walk to America but came by boat. This paper will examine evidence found in Haida Gwaii and other sites along North and South America that supports a different view of human migration to the Americas, the coastal migration theory.

The migration to the New World was a very long process taking hundreds of years, the process went through many generations. The group had to evolve and change their ways of living to adapt to the different environments and weather that was changing (Crabtree & Campana). The group left their previous home and started their trek to the new world around 11,200 years ago. Following

Jared Diamond is a professor of Geography at UCLA and a world traveler. He believes that in the past 13,000 years of human history, agriculture has lead humans to conquer, develop and prosper and therefore cause the rise of civilizations. In 1972 he was in New Guinea when he met a local named Yali who asked him a simple question that took years for Diamond to answer. Yali said “Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo [goods] and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own”. [Work cited 7] Diamond was profoundly puzzled and couldn’t answer right away. In fact it took him many years to come up with what he thinks is the right answer. ‘Yali’s question’ plays a central role in Professor Diamond’s enquiry into ‘a short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years’, leading him into a wide-ranging discussion of the history of human evolution and diversity through a study of migration, socio-economic and cultural adaptation to environmental conditions, and technological diffusion. (Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel, p. 22-23)

It is typically thought that people first settled in Hawaiʻi around 300 CE. There is, however, archaeological evidence that people may have been in Hawaiʻi as early as 124 CE or even as late as 1120 CE. Whilst there is a recent argument for rapid later pacific migration and settlement, a two major migration model has been typically taught. The first migration is thought to have occurred 300-600 CE from the southern Pacific, particularly the Marquesas Islands. The second wave is thought to have occurred around 1000-1300 CE from Tahiti. Quasi-mythical Pā‘ao is said to have led the migration which brought with it much of the social and religious structures that have become know as Hawaiʻi culture. Some modern sovereignty activists describe Pā‘ao

The modern origins of these islands start not from the migration of the Asian people from other various islands, but with the discovery by an Englishmen named Captain Cook. With his ship, The Resolution, as well as The Discovery; Cook stumbles upon the islands of Kauai and Oahu on January 18, 1778. The exchange of goods amongst the native Hawaiians showed promise, but this barter and friendly spirit did not last; as on his second visit to the islands in 1779 was unfortunate timing which led to his death . Following Cook’s death there was a period of migration to the Hawaiian Islands which started when some of the crew from Cook’s ships decided to stay behind.

Indigenous Australians are probably descendants of the first modern humans to migrate out of Africa to Asia, roughly 70,000 years ago, arriving in Australia around 50,000 years ago.

To activate prior knowledge and introduce the concept of bullying, I would read the CNN.com article: “Bullying rampant in U.S. middle schools” to the class (see attached article). Following the article I would engage the students in a discussion on bullying.

The Maori, “Children of Heaven”, are the indigenous people of New Zealand. It has been thought that Polynesian navigator Kupe, discovered New Zealand in 950 AD, and named the island Aotearoa, “Land of the long white cloud”.1 The Maori migrated to New Zealand from the tropical islands of