Problem Oriented Policing Analysis

The reason some officers have resisted implementing problem-solving strategies is because problem solving has a dual focus. According to the course text, the first focus, is that it requires incidents to be linked to problems. The second focus, is time devoted to “preventive” patrol is required to be spent proactively, which determines problems in the community and their causes (Miller, Hess, & Orthmann, 2014). Although problem-solving is ideal, unfortunately officers cannot ignore specific incidents. For example, when call come in, officer respond as quickly as possible. In addition, even if officers respond to incidents, seek symptoms of problem, or both, the public can help or hinder their efforts (Miller, Hess, & Orthmann, 2014).

Community Policing took a different perspective on crime than August Vollmer. It shows that even though police officers are trained and respond to crimes on time, it doesn’t effect the crime rates. In the past foot-patrol was in place but it quickly failed due to poor management and not enough funds for the program (Bohm & Haley, 2014, Pg. 147). Community Policing was an idea to form a bond between the police and the citizens. If the police paid more attention to the minor problems in

Community policing has evolved to be the most used strategy for policing. “It is an approach to crime detection and prevention that provides police officers and supervisors with new tools for addressing recurrent problems that plague communities and consume a majority of police agency time and resources” (Peak, 2012, 65). It has been defined by various people differently. But all the definitions have similar principles (Chappell, 2009). They focus on proactive problem solving and create relationships with the community to address any issue that may arise. Community policing is a combination of client-oriented and problem-oriented policing.

The “broken windows” model of policing was created as an experimental way of policing areas of high crime. The main focus of the “broken windows” model of policing was

There have been several studies conducted on problem oriented policing which provide evidence that this method produces positive results. One example is the Jersey City Drug Market Analysis Experiment. In this experiment, Vice Police Officers were assigned to target areas (the variable) and control areas of high drug activity. Arrests were made in these areas and a follow-up was done with the landlords, local government regulatory agencies, and site-specific enforcement was recommended. After a week of follow up and monitoring the areas, the target area had a reduction in criminal activity, and it was found that this area fared better in reference to crime and deviant behavior compared to the control group (Weisburb et al., 2010).

I have mixed feeling when it comes to what works and what is not effective in terms of criminal justice research. According to the Campbell Collaboration, it dedicates to preparing, maintaining, and publicizing reviews of research to the effects of social; and educational programs and interventions (Hagan, 2010). At the beginning of this class, I was unaware of the different research methods and which best fit criminal justice administrators. I was unaware of how effective that surveying could do in terms of helping mapping high spot crime areas. Research methods can help criminal justice to determine effective ways to improve safety measures for each individual. All research methods must work together in some sense in order to work effective.

Police agencies all over the world implement different policing strategies in accordance with the purpose. Community policing is one of the philosophy in which most of the countries effectively working with it. According to U. S. Department of Justice Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social, and fear of crime (n.d). This essay critically examines the conditions, which would impact both positively and negatively on the police procedures required to implement community policing strategy in the Maldives.

By learning the software while using data that I had gathered and knew in-depth to conduct analyses that were crucial to my project, I believe that I came to understand the processes of the software much better than I would have in the classroom. My hypotheses for this project posited that areas with greater numbers of community service programs would have lower rates of crime, both violent and property. The results came to show a very different picture: areas with high crime rates had a greater number of programs, centralized around larger urban areas. These results intially confused me but it became apparent that my hypothesis was based on the assumption that these community programs were preventative measures and preceded the higher crime rate. Instead these programs arose as a way to combat and counter the symptoms and byproducts that arise from higher crime rates. While these results were the opposite of what I had hypothesized, I was glad that they were so. It showed me the research does not always follow the path you believe it will and that the results you do get can show something more important than what you had hoped it would. I have presented my findings several times, including at a national McNair symposium in Atlanta and at a global conference, The Ninth World Congress on Mental Health. In continuing my research

If this study was conducted today I believe that the conclusions would be somewhat the same as the findings back then. With the technological advancements of cell phones, Global Positioning Systems, the 911 system and computers today, police response times have been greatly reduced. This allows for the greater possibility of capturing an offender at or nearby the scene. This also allows for not only police response times to be decreased but also response times for other first responders that provide lifesaving first aid. With the advancements in forensics the greater chance of catching a criminal after the fact has been greatly improved which allows for the police to be more reactive when a crime has finally been discovered. With police departments designing precincts in a more efficient manner and utilizing Intelligence Led Policing, Predictive Policing or Compstat to properly allocate resources provides for preventative patrols to be accomplished while also being able to be reactive in nature.

Writing assignment three continues to layer together the fundamentals of writing assignment’s one and two, to bring us one step towards the actual research portion of political science. In a brief recap, writing assignment one began with the formulation of a topic within the field of political science and added in a dependent variable that might have influenced the topic. Crime rate in more religious countries seemed to spark the most interest in my mind, and as I began brainstorming dependent variables that might have influenced my topic, I came up with crime rate. After delving further into writing assignment two, where it became vital to craft a concrete theory or claim and independent variable, it became apparent that a hypothesis was also

This lack of impact is due in part to the fact that many incidents to which the police respond are only symptoms of larger problems in the community. In fact, it is how police resources are allocated and deployed that makes a difference. If the police respond only when they are called and deal only with the incident at hand, the reasons why the incident occurred in the first place remain unaddressed, and this increases the likelihood that similar incidents will happen again as well, in the model of policing there is little, if any, collaboration with the community or other agencies. Researchers have found that, with the exception of specific targeted strategies, levels of crime are generally unaffected by increase in the number of patrols cars,

The second approach is Problem-solving policing, which is aimed at solving repeating community problems. An officers job is to identify, analyze and respond to the factors that produce the incidents. In the approach, officers are supposed to be proactive instead of reactive. Police officials, business owners, and civilians come together to share information crime patterns and then come up with plans for crime prevention. Unlike community policing where

Problem-orientated policing is based strongly upon situations that are perceived as leading to the criminal activity. Problem-orientated policing first came about back in 1979 by Herman Goldstein where he published an article and thus laid out a new style of policing he called problem-oriented policing, according to Goldstein this new style of policing was revolutionary and showed a change in the way police operate (Goldstein, 1979). In problem-orientated policing as it became more popular the police came up with a four stage for the problem-solving process know as SARA, Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Evaluation Model. Step 1 is identifying the

Problem oriented policing consists of analyzing the problem, then solving the situation based on the background information gathered on that certain problem.

While it is certainly possible that further research on various technology-based crime prevention and policing strategies may reveal strategies that increase police performance initially, it is important to consider exactly how this effect will be achieved. Weiburd et.al recently observed that problem-oriented policing is more accurately described as a process, rather than a specific program. If coercive police strategies are being employed, the longer term effects may not be so positive, due to the distrust of the police in high crime, poverty pocket areas that will likely be fostered by such