The two theories discussed here will be the Psychodynamic Theory and the Social Learning Theory. Psychodynamic theories include the wisdom of Freud and Jung. Freud discusses, defense mechanisms, understanding the ego as it relates to rational thinking and the superego in regard to mortality. Whereas the Social Learning Theory includes those works from Bandura, Watson, and Piaget among others. This theory will focus on imitation, observation and modeling another’s behavior to achieve a certain desired outcome. Although their conceptual theories differ, they both reflect, shape, and interpret the very essence of the human psyche and how we have evolved and developed over the years.
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The ego tells us we are invincible, or that we can achieve things that we may have not thought through. Along with shaping our personality healing will also begin when we pay attention to different transferences and the actual treatment of the relationship. Much of this type of therapy is used for those individuals that have somehow attached their emotions to the object of relationships. Hanging on to the favorite sweater, only listening to music that the other person loved. This can also involve, defense mechanisms, and a struggle between the ego(rationality), and super ego (mortality). “Such therapy usually involves once-weekly 50-minute sessions, the length of treatment varying between 3 months and 2 years.” Essentially this particular theory method deals with resolving childhood or early in life conflicts.
The Social Learning Theory tells us a different story in how to address those with behaviors that need addressing, like for instance when men abuse their partners, this is a learned behavior, originating usually within their family dynamics and cultural aspects that reward anger or violence. This is further identified with how we interact with their environment. And while this behavior overall, is deplorable one reason it is left to go on, is because ultimately there are positive and or negative reinforcers guiding or directing the outcome.
The disfunction needs to be redirected, the
Social learning theory (SLT), cognitive approach, behaviorist approach, humanistic approach, psychodynamic approach and biological approach.
The state of Kansas is one of only three states to enact comprehensive social and emotional learning standards with developmental benchmarks in K-12 education, (Dusenbury, Weissberg, Goren and Domitrovich, 2014), and it has also tied those standards to college readiness. The Kansas State Department of Education (KSDE) lists The Kansas social, emotional, and character development model standards aligned to Kansas college and career readiness standards (2012). Among these standards is the ability to “Identify multiple techniques to manage stress and maintain confidence” (KSDE, 2012). In order for stress management and confidence strategies to be taught, the students, teacher, and education system as a whole, must make it a priority instead of assuming that students will develop the skills on their own.
Over a period of time, human beings have developed different skills to help organize a different event that has occurred in their life to help contribute to their achievements based on his or her aspiration. The different psychology theorist has examined the Julian Rotter’s view on social learning theory that pursued to explain human behavior and personality both internal and external. Locus of Control developed by Julian Rotter’s question the fact if we are in control of our everyday fate based on success and failure.
Behaviouristic theories of learning are essentially theories of conditioning and emphasize the role of reinforcement in learning. One of the mot predominant theories is Albert Bandura’s social learning theory, which assumes that. People learn through observing others’ behavior, attitudes, and outcomes of those behaviors which is called observational learning, that is an indirect form of learning known as vicarious learning and indirect forms of reinforcement which is called vicarious reinforcement .Bandura renamed SLT as social cognitive theory to accommodate the ever increasing importance in his thinking of cognitive factors .SLT has also
There are various different factors that influence aggression in both children and adults. More so, significant research has proven that there are distinct differences between aggression shown by men and women. Aggression is behavior intended to harm another individual, and extreme cases on aggression is called violence. In 2010, 90% of murderers in the United States were male. Numerous researchers have found that the gender differences in aggression are astounding, and that males show aggression a significant amount more than females. These differences are primarily because of what we learn, and what we experience throughout the lifespan. It is true that both males and females learn aggression through learning and experience, but the way
There have been three suggested theories to explain our acquired patterns of behaviors or learning, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning. (Robbins and Judge, 2009, p. 55) This discussion will look at operant conditioning its extension social learning, and how it pertains to a covenantal framework. Using a personal example I am able to show how the integration of learning and covenantal thinking leads to the success of an organization.
The research is also associated with the theory of Albert Bandura, the Social Cognitive Theory, in which postulates that the portion of an individual's knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences. Based in this theory, behavior is the product of continuous interaction of an individual to his environment. People respond to environmental events, and certainly they often learn characteristic behaviors as the result of rewards and punishments.
Undergraduates and youths in general have different opinions on the outcome of drinking alcohol alone and mixing it with energy drinks. Their perceptions differ because of the variant experiences the individuals have had for long. There are different articles used in this report that have significant information to the opinions of undergraduates concerning the outcome of drinking alcohol alone and mixing it with energy drinks. This report includes different journal articles with different and relevant information on the mixed consumption of alcohol and energy drinks.
Social learning theory is a general theory which takes into account cultural, social, and non-social factors to explain crime and deviance. There has been much support for this theory including cross-culturally, smoking among teens in Iowa stud, Akers test with Drinking of the elderly, cheating with college students, adolescent and drug/alcohol abuse with Boys Town study, and more. Social learning theory states that it social learning shapes a person self-control, so growing up a person that learns from non-deviant peers and family members will learn to have high self-control. This theory focuses on four different concepts to explain crime and deviance.
Albert Bandura a Canadian psychologist that was curious to know whether or not humans learn through the actions of others (Berk, 2013, p.14). The social learning theory brings up the question whether, playing violent video games or watching violent films can provoke being violent. Charles Darwin a British naturalist observed an endless change among animal species and plants. He noticed, it’s impossible for an animal to be completely identical as another animal of the same species. Darwin found that early prenatal development is similar in various species, while other scientists doubted Darwin’s theory. This led to a trend focusing on child studies. Stanley Hall and Arnold Gesell both American psychologists, described development as a maturational process. A genetically destined series of events that unravels automatically, like a flower. This led to the normative approach, in that measures of behavior are derived from a sample of people and calculated to generalize a representation in development (Berk, 2013, p.11). Research later sought to figure out individualistic development rather than the general population. Sigmund Freud a Viennese physician constructed the psychosexual theory. It focuses on how parents control their child’s sexual and aggressive drives in their first few years, which is crucial for healthy personality development. The theory has three parts of the personality, id,ego and superego that combine during five stages. Erik Erikson improved Freud’s idea, in
Furthermore, criminal behavior is often studied from the point of view of the social learning theory. Thus, Jeffrey (1995) argues that criminal behavior is learned from the social environment. Akers (1990), on the other hand, views criminality from the point of rational choice theory, arguing that social learning is not the only indicator of criminal behavior and that a choice made by a person who is being influenced by their immediate environment can deter from engaging in criminal activity. Building on Akers research, Bradshaw (2011) points out that social learning theory has its limits when it comes to criminology is not applicable many of the types of crime, specifically, corporate and state crime.
Another egoistic theory is one aspect of the social learning theory; from early childhood we
The HBO television show Game of Thrones is known for its abrasive language, violence, and sexual content. These shocking factors are what attract many viewers because there are not many other shows that are so openly proud of these elements. On the contrary, these factors have also turned away viewers from this show because it is just too vulgar, just too violent, and just too obscene. One character, King Joffrey, is known for being particularly cruel and unfair. He is usually seen on screen sentencing someone to death or finding new ways to torture his soon to be wife. But Joffrey is King, meaning no one can punish him and what he does is accepted. Social Learning Theory teaches us that one learns through observations. The normalcy of Joffrey’s actions demonstrates to the audience that
Violent video games, a very profitable market in the technological entertainment industry, are regarded as the leading forces of violent acts in young people, especially young men. In the textbook by Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin, and Bettina Fabos, this chain of behavior is described as the Social Learning Theory. The Social Learning Theory, coined by the renowned psychologist Albert Bandura, contained a four-step process: “attention, retention, motor reproduction, and motivation” (490). In a clearer sense, the violent behavior must first be seen, remembered at a later point, be possible for the subject to perform, and the action must also have some kind of reward or reinforcement for the behavior. By following these steps, Bandura
“One man’s terrorist is another’s freedom fighter.” One theory that I think agrees with this quote is the Social Learning theory. Which states that people develop motivation to commit crime and the skills to commit crime through the people they associate with. In other words if a person grows up around people who are in a gang they are most likely going to join a gang. In another instance, if a person grows up to be around people in the military they are most likely going to join the military. One man who grows up around terrorist may be another man who grows up around military. They both grow up to be what surrounded them their whole lives.