Psychological Case Review And Discussion

As individuals, we are diverse based on the background, experience, ability, race, language, etc. which impact the lens through which we view others and ourselves. As diverse individual, we may belong to dominant or non- dominant groups. Thus, either we have power and privilege or we experience discrimination and oppression. Further, we are shelled with diversity, ethnicity, and multiculturalism issues. Counselors have some ethical primary responsibilities to respect the dignity and promote the welfare of the client (A.1.a), “honoring diversity and embracing a multicultural approach in support of the worth, dignity” and “promoting social justice” (Herlihy & Corey, 2014, p. 3)

The definitions have progressed from tolerance or withdrawal symptoms from a specific drug to chronic intoxication, continued use with increased dosage, dependence, and damaging effects to user (Reinarman 2005). Both of these definitions proved to be too restrictive because all drugs do not have the same effects on every user. The current definition used by physicians and the criminal justice system is based on seven criteria (Reinarman 2005). The constant evolution of how the professional world views drug dependence mirrors society’s change in the understanding of addiction. Historically, “the drink” was viewed as the devil and drugs were often thought to be the cause of many criminal acts (Schneider 2003). After the medicalization of addiction and dawn of decriminalization of drug abuse, public opinion of deviant alcohol and drug use has changed. For the family unit, it is much simpler to accept and approach treatment for addiction if it is classified as a medical disease. In society, drug users can be framed as patients instead of criminals based on current standards. By looking at addiction as a treatable set of signs and symptoms instead of holding the individual accountable for actions they committed while intoxicated, the disease concept releases a lot of the stigma that goes along with

Abnormal behavior relates to the influence of psychological factors, biological factors as well as the social factors referring to inadequate relationships. In the face of diverse definition, abnormal behavior refers to the deviating from norm, which norm is the typical behavior or characteristic of the population. As such, Jim behavior is abnormal because it violates moral and conventional mores of the society (Violates societal standards), as such causing social discomfort to others. For instance, Jim fails to recognize the social cues in conversation thereby annoying other interlocutors. Jim is this case is behaving in a manner counterproductive to his own well being by

It is important for a counselor to proper an action plan to overcome barriers for the client during treatment. Counseling is not about taking and not taking the proper actions. When a client is having barriers it is very important for the counselor to identify those barriers and set an action plan to help client overcome the obstacles. The counselor should identify the principles for a well action plan, discuss barriers that a client might encounter, outline intervention that will help with the barriers, list of community resources that will help client if need it and outlined aftercare plan when treatment is over.

Rosa Lee Cunningham is a 52 year old African American women with an addiction of heroin. Rosa Lee grew up in poverty. Her mother and father were sharecroppers who had migrated to the city. Rosa Lee had eight children, six boys and two girls. She was 14 years old when she had her first born. While pregnant with her first child, Rosa Lee dropped out of school without having the ability to learn how to read. At the age of 16, Rosa got married. Because Rosa Lee didn’t have a productive role model in life, she

Constructing a treatment and service plan for a client involves various components. Prior to starting a treatment plan the professional should carry out a client evaluation. The evaluation should determine the basis of the difficulty or issues and assess the back ground of the client. After the completion of the evaluation, a professional can start constructing an agreement to fulfill the needs of the client. The treatment plan should include goals that relate to the difficulties and issues the client is experiencing, this assessment will discuss the components of Mr. McCunes personalized treatment program.

“Addiction is a choice not a disease”, is a common phrase that stigmatizes drug addiction in our everyday language. The lack of public knowledge about this social problem causes widespread stigmatization and discrimination of the ill. As a result, many individuals who seriously need professional help feel isolated and hopeless, making it harder for them to recover.

The background information regarding Mary Williams: Mary is a twenty-eight-year-old Caucasian female. She has black hair, wearing a white shirt that says “kit” written in blue letters, wearing black jeans, and is observed overweight. She reports that she wants to stop drinking because it “has taken control of my life”. A transcription between the client is below.

Case Study 2 – Mary

On the other hand, society's negative reactions to the heroin user are more than to the marijuana user. We assumed the case took place in the United State, where marijuana was commonly used and was legalized, people think taking marijuana is acceptable, like in Jennifer's case, she stated that most of her friends also like to smoke marijuana as a tool to stay calm, from this example we can see that taking marijuana is an acceptable act. Moreover, Jennifer is running a kindergarten, a part-time artist, and a mother, all these identities affect people's view of her behavior since she subjected to stricter social control than others. In the public's eyes, heroin is a harder drug and they may think the people who take heroin are connected to the

The inevitable fact that addiction is a harmful disease and the recovery process is lifelong that consists of various stages of relapse raises a serious question. What is the duty of an addict in the jurisdiction towards the society? The organization known as Children Requiring a Caring Kommunity (C.R.A.C.K) offers $200 to any drug-addict woman who is willing to undergo long-term or permanent birth control.

Patient name was M.A. He was suffering from drug addiction for the last 10 years. His birth was normal. Milestone of development achieved at the appropriate time. His schooling also started at the appropriate time and he was an average student in school. She was belonged to the upper class and higher socioeconomic status. Her family environment was unsatisfactory because his father had divorced his mother and after their divorce he lived with his father. But his father and stepmother had not paid attention to him. And due to peer pressure he starts taking heroin (sniffed) and her relationship with the family was also not satisfactory. He was married. The social training skills, group therapy and relaxation therapy was

Thus far, throughout the semester, I have gained so much awareness and understanding for those whom are struggling with substance misuse. Addiction has played a major role in my immediate family life. Over the years, I have realized that addiction does not discriminate on a basis of race, gender, or social status. Based on my personal experiences, the perspective I have of addiction is that it is like a disease. It does not just affect the individual; it also affects everyone the individual comes into contact with. Addiction overall, is not just associated with drugs and alcohol, it is present with gambling, Internet use, sex, or even food (Van Wormer, 2013). In order to understand an individual who suffers from substance misuse, a therapist must first know the definition of addiction, be able to asses and diagnose a client with an addiction, explore the bio-psychosocial-spiritual aspects of their addiction, laws and ethics related to their addiction, and provide the proper treatment that will help them to recover. Throughout this paper, from a bio-psychosocial-spiritual perspective, I plan to explore the causes of Gia’s addiction to Heroin. In addition, I will examine my personal perspective on addiction and what treatment interventions and laws and ethics might come into play in therapy with Gia. Overall, I hope to provide Gia with an understanding of her addiction and provide the proper treatment on her road to recovery.

For any professional working in the substance abuse treatment field, they will very likely come across situations and be presented with dilemmas relating to personal beliefs, judgments, and values. Drug or substance use and abuse have been a controversial and heated topic around the world for centuries. Drug abuse, in a way, is a facet of human culture that has been present for a great deal of human history in general. Every culture handles the issue of drug abuse differently. The history of how a society views persons with addictions is intermeshed with emotion, misperceptions, and prejudice that directly affects the care of drug abusers. This is a kind of awareness that drug users and those who provide drug treatment or rehabilitation should have. They may be susceptible to treating patients different because of their own personal views or because of the culturally normative views of that particular society. Just like teenagers may be automatically considered dangerous or irresponsible, it is fairly normative in a health care setting for a patient to be perceived negatively just because that person is a known drug user. Because of the highly charged emotional nature of the substance abuse treatment field, providers should possess the tools to explore ethical dilemmas objectively. By doing so, and by examining their own reactions to the situation, providers can proceed with the most ethical course of action. Ethical practice is

Looking at Mary’s life history can help us better understand her experience of aging and late adulthood. Mary was born in 1941 in a relatively poor family. Our informal interaction and interview had given a chance for she to provide her life review. Life review is a healing process according to Robert Butler (Butler, 1974). She said that she lived in a government subsidies unit where bathroom and kitchen were shared with other families when she was young. Growing up in harsh life