Question Set 1_ENVI Essay

Answer the questions below. When you are finished, submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit.

Phylogenetic species concept would be the most expedient and effective process of collecting, naming, and describing what she found. Phylogenetic relies on common ancestry and shared evolutionary when defining a species.

To insure you obtain the best possible grade, be sure to research each question as completely as possible. Try to answer these questions as if you are providing information to an individual who knows nothing about each topic. Explain your answers in detail; remember, the more complete your answer is the better your grade will be.

Problem Set 1 is to be completed by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week 2.

b. Describe the homologus trait of each species, focusing on the differences in structure and function of the trait. Why do these homologus traits exhibit differences between the two species? Make sure your explanation is clear and complete.

Scientist believe that there are still 85% of organisms undiscovered. Many of these species live in places that are unexplored. Recently scientist have explored the floors of the oceans, eyelids of humans, hot springs, and even stomachs of humans. Before the 18th century, organisms were classified into three groups. These groups were those that live on land, those that live in water, and those that live in the air. Also plants and animals were called by their common names, which lead to much confusion. According to “The Explosion in What We Know About Life Forms”, many confusions arose from organizing organisms this way, such as, scientist could not be sure whether two similar organisms that lived in different parts of the world were actually the same creature called by two separate names. Later in the 18th century, a botanist name Carl Linnaeus created a new, complex system of taxonomy. In this system, it grouped organisms (from largest to smallest) into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. Also in the new complex system they took the genus and the species of each type of organism to create its name. As scientists learn more about the animals and plants on earth they have improved the taxonomy system. In the essay “The Explosion in What We Know About Life Forms” it talks about how scientist have added three new kingdoms, subspecies/varieties (smaller than

Taxonomy is a branch of science concerned with the classification of organisms. Humans would be put into the Family/Subfamily category because we share similar body types/structures with hominids like chimps, bonbons, and gorillas but each species has evolved in different ways due to each one's circumstance. The concept of taxonomy can also be explained with diseases like swine flu and HIV they share a similar mock-up with other diseases but the evolved in different ways becoming much more deadly and unpredictable but still similar in certain ways to other diseases.

Linnaeus developed the system of binomial nomenclature. Linnaeus started to work on the classification of plants. At first, he sorted the plants on the basis of their floral parts and later he started to give names. The name of the plant consisted of two parts, the genus name, and the specie name. He gave the genus name so that he could indicate related plants and he gave the specie name so that each plant could have its own identity. To promote this system he named the plants after the people who identified it. Linnaeus suggested five categories that would organize the plant kingdom. These categories were arranged from simple to complex. He named the categories classes, orders, genera, species, and varieties. Linnaeus work proved very beneficial. His method of classification made things easier to organize. His method and the names he gave are still used today. Due to his work, it is much easier to categorize organisms and to relate which organism is more closely related to which. He used this method mainly on plants, but it was so good that they started to organize and classify other kingdoms. The binomial nomenclature gives us a better understanding. If it weren't for these scientific name then there would be a lot of confusion, for example, an onion is known by many different names in the world and can get really confusing, but its scientific name is Allium cepa and is the same all over the world where ever you go it will always be called Allium

An important topic to cover would be the taxonomy of the Slow loris, as these animals have proven difficult to classify in the past. Beginning form the broadest range of classification,

The phylogenic tree reveals the evolutionary history of animals simply. In this phylogenic tree, humans and other animals that are familiar to us are included in phylum

Animals share certain characteristics such as being heterotrophs, multicellular, no presence of cell walls, and many more. Animals can further be divided through the use of a phylogeny, which is an evolutionary tree. A phylogeny shows patterns of relationships between several different types of species. When branching off to dissimilar species, characteristics are taken accounted for whether they are derived, ancestral, or shared traits. Traits include symmetry, tissues, segmentation, body cavities, and patterns that deal with the development of embryos.

The purpose of taxa are to classify organisms with similar characteristics in the same group. The first taxa (kingdom) is the broadest group and the most specific is the taxa species. The genus name narrows the range of organisms to those whose specific traits are similar and the species name is given to one specific species where all the individuals have the same characterisitcs. The purpose of a genus is to show that all the individuals that belong to that genus are more closely related than to individuals

Conservation efforts have been seen by many people as a blockade to the human agenda of technological expansion and population growth. Conserving biodiversity and ecosystems may only be acknowledged once the benefits to humans are outlined and are usually seen as a win-win situation. However, the concern isn’t enough to bring the whole population’s attention to the problem of biodiversity loss. Additionally, many countries don’t have the resources or the money to invest in conservation efforts, which is why countries that can implement conservation policy should. Conservation should be helpful to everyone, ecosystems and organisms included. Chan et al. (2007) discusses ecosystem services, the problem with win-win situations, and cost-benefit analyses.

Scientists have recently formulated a complete phylogenetic tree that showcases more than 200 species of butterflies and their evolutionary history and relation to other butterflies. It is because of this completed evolutionary chart that scientists are now able to trace back when and how the butterflies we see today are what they are.

Around the world large numbers of species are threatened with extinction due to the degradation of ecosystems and widespread deforestation for industrial purposes. The resources available for biodiversity conservation to protect all the endangered species are unfortunately inadequate (Myers 1996). It is therefore paramount to use these resources in the most effective ways possible. This literature review will focus on evaluating existing biodiversity budgets and the effectiveness of various investment approaches used in biodiversity conservation programs.