Questions On The Robotic Fundamentals Module

1 . Describe the Major bones, muscles,joints and joint actions used to perform this movement skill and how they influence the way the body moves.

during these movements, the angles of those joints, as well as the muscles involved during the

In order to test the passive sufficiency of a bi-articular structure, such as a muscle, both joints which that structure crosses must first be identified. Additionally, the movements of those two joints which will constrain that structure must be identified. Next, one joint must be selected, and placed into the position that may constrain the structure. At the same time, the other joint must be placed in the position which will NOT put further strain on that structure. The selected joint must then be measured for its range of motion. Next, the same must be done with the selected joint, but in contrast, the other joint must be placed in the position which WILL further constrain the bi-articular structure. Once that has been done, the selected joint’s range of motion must be measured once more.

Together, the two sides extend neck; alone, each rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side

In these types of joints the fibers are very short and allow for little of no movement. Synarthroses joints come together at a point at which adjacent bones are bound

This section start from joints 4 to 8. For joints 4,6,7,8, they are with the dip of angle of 75-90, and

The contraction of the extent which the The direction which the bone of the joint move depends on the contraction of the muscle.

a. In order to test the passive sufficiency of a bi-articular structure, such as a muscle, both joints which that structure crosses must first be identified. Additionally, the movements of those two joints which will constrain that structure must be identified. Next, one joint must be selected, and placed into the position that may constrain the structure. At the same time, the other joint must be placed in the position which will not put further strain on that structure. The selected joint must then be measured for its range of motion. Next, the same must be done with the selected joint, but in contrast, the other joint must be placed in the position which WILL further constrain the bi-articular structure. Once that has been done, the selected joint’s range of motion must be measured once more.

Continuing with the development and improvement of the assembly line, in the 1960s, new machines were invented that allowed for five axes of motion. These devices were called the “Versatran”, and were installed a Ford factory in Ohio. But later in the decade, robots became even more complex adding another axis it can work

Ligament - Ligaments determine how much the joints can move so each joint is stabilized.

The elbow joint moves in the saggital plane frontal axis of the body. This axis only allows the movement of flexion and extension of the elbow.

Connected to the scapula is the shoulder: the deltoid anterior, deltoid lateral, pectoralis major and bicep brachi contract to create forward flexion at one of these shoulder joints. Parallel the deltoid, infraspinatus and teresminor are contracted to cause extension of the shoulder joint. Travelling along each arm the triceps brachi and aneconeus muscles are contracted to extend the elbow joint. The radio-carpal joint in extension uses the extensor carpi radialis longus, abductor pollicis and flexor carpi radialis to perform the neutral positioning of the radio-carpel and extension of the phalanges

The knee joint is one of many synovial joints within the human body. It is the largest joint in the body and is known as a ginglymus, or hinge, joint involving the articulation of the femur and the tibia. A hinge joint is a joint between two or more articulating bones, moving in only one plane. The movements that occur at the knee are flexion and extension. The knee joint is a modified hinge joint, therefore as well as allowing the movements of flexion and extension; the movements of internal rotation and external rotation are possible. The knee joint has six degrees of freedom, moving in all three planes: the frontal plane, the sagittal plane and the transverse plane. Internal rotation and external rotation of the knee move about the

There are two assumptions of the motion analysis technique. Firstly, the bodies are assumed to be rigid, meaning the bodies will not deform under applied forces. By assuming rigid body, parameters that describe the configuration of the system to the translation and rotation of reference frames attached to each body are

The industrial robots are applied in all branches of the industry. The highest level of application is in the automobile industry, but the number of installed robots is increasing in other industries as well (Karabegovic, Dolecec, Husak, 2011).