Relationship Between Class and Order Within Two Taxonomic Groups

The isopods used for this experiment range in color from gray to brown and were about 8.5 to 18 mm in length. Each Isopod’s head had one pair of antennae and one pair of antennules, both used to detect sensory stimuli from the environment around the pillbug. Their bodies were made of a hard thorax with seven segments and an abdomen. Each pillbug had seven pairs of legs, one for each segment of its thorax. Pill bugs breathe through gill-like structures and must live in moist places.

By using DNA sequencing software and using comparative DNA alignment programs, scientists can piece together where the differences and similarities align and the percentage of identical DNA between two species. Another method of classifying these gene-swapping organisms is to alter the method of vertical genomics and shift to a new form of lateral genomics (Koonin et al. 2001). A method using vertical, linear genomics alone will not provide enough resources to clearly assign an organism to a taxonomic group. Also, scientists can look at gene loss over time as a method to group these organisms (Koonin et al. 2001). If scientists would rather stick with similarities to define a taxonomic group, the use of genomic instruments can provide a better picture of which genes are highly conserved between organisms of the same group (Doolittle 1999). Researchers have begun to employ this method as the means for best completing a phylogenetic tree. Using alignments of single copy genes conserved in the genome allows for scientists to achieve that vertical pattern of phylogeny that can be lost when focusing on the amount of transferred genes between groups (Lang et al. 2013).

They must be eukaryotic, meaning they have nucleus, and in the domain Eukarya. In the Linnaean classification this could be in the kingdom Protista like a paramecium. Another Linnaean classification of this could be in kingdom Animalia, since they are heterotrophs and their cells contain a nucleus. They could be grouped as predators, since the organism is engulfing another organism. They could also be grouped based on their locomotion. They could have cilia, legs, or even flagella.

16. Now, drag the tree window back to where you had selected Arthropoda in step 14. This time, click through these taxa in this sequence:

The creosote bush grasshopper has a simple body. It has a rounded head capsule which contains the compound eyes, chewing mouth parts, and the short thread-like antennae, which are always shorter than the rest of body (Estella, 2009). The middle thoracic segments and part of the abdomen are covered by a type of hard shield called a pronotum which extends from the first thoracic segment. The forewings are leathery but they are not used for flight. Instead, they protect the delicate hind wings. They also have long jumping hind legs, which enable them to leap well over 20 times their body length (Anonymous, 2015).

Introduction: Terrestrial isopods, also known as pill bugs, are comprised of a variety of different species and are known for their adaptability to different environments, which have certain wavelengths of light and sufficient water and nutrients to survive (Danielson et. al. 1976). They are usually found in moist, dark areas because they are extremely vulnerable to dehydration and need a sufficient amount of water to survive (Wagler et. al. 2013).

The most prominent fossils in the Crato Formation are the insects that are preserved. One example of an insect that has been recently found is the Araripenymphes seldeni (as seen in figure 3), an extinct species of lacewing (Myskowiak et al., 2016). The taphonomic classification of A.seldini is: Nymphidae Family Neuroptera Order, and Insecta Class (Myskowiak et al., 2016). This particular species shows sexual dimorphism, a difference in characteristics beyond the sexual organs (Clarkson, 1998). In particular, differences in the wing colouration and wing lengths (Myskowiak et al.,

Kid’s U Presents… Black Widow- Amazing Pictures and Facts about the black widow spider. Have your children ever wondered what a black widow looks like? What does a black widow eat?

Echinoderms, named for their spiny surfaces, include an array of 70000 species which are all mostly sessile marine mammals, that lack overall body segments (Myers, n.d.). Nonetheless, typically ranging from 1cm-2m, they are known to have an extoskelton constructed from hard plates just beneath the skin, and possess a water vascular system- which their tube feet are connected to (Myers, n.d.). Additionally, they are known to show bilateral symmetry as larvae, but then after they metamorphose, feature a strong appearance of radial symmetry (Myers, n.d.).

An international team of Scientists have discovered a new lineage of extinct plankton feeding sharks called pseudomegachasma. These sharks are said to have inhabited the warm oceans of nearly 100 million years ago. From data of newly collected fossil teeth, it is found that this new lineage of extinct sharks is very similar to the modern-day plankton eating megamouth shark. Lead Author professor Kenshu Shimada also states that these sharks would have evolved independent of the four known modern-day planktivorous cartilaginous fishes. These consist of the megamouth shark, basking shark, whale sharks, and manta rays. This discovery of the new lineage of extinct vertebrates is what makes this article completely relevant to the topic of week fourteen.

Position of the body, of major insects found( even at the different stage of their life cycles e.g. egg, pupa, larva)

When using morphology to determine the species included in the genus Homo, characteristics such as the bony labyrinth and limb proportions can be considered, which can be a strong indicator of the species posture and main mode of locomotion. The bony labyrinth may be an appropriate structure to study because data is obtained from the crania which is more definitively assigned to species than isolated limb bones. However, evidence

What type of structure does Insectopia have and what are the positive/negative effects of such a structure?

Phylum Echinodermata consists of organisms that are invertebrate, thus they lack a backbone and have a simplistic circulatory system, but their respiratory system is versatile with the variety of organs, such as gills (as seen the sea star), tracheas, skin, and book lungs (Hsia 2013). Since Phylum Chordata is more complex than Echinodermata, Chordata has a variety of organs in their organ systems, such as the skin and muscles in the circulatory and respiratory systems (Shu 2003). In order to completely analyze the circulatory and respiratory systems in the phylums Echinodermata and Chordata, organism from each phylum can be thoroughly dissected to expose entire organs and to allow manipulation of the organs. To execute this experiment, several

All are carniverous and have four pair of walking legs, one pair of pedipalps, and one pair of chelicerae. (Spiders, W.Shear) Each chelicerae consists of a base and a fang.