ABSTRACT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND CARDIOPULMONARY FITNESS IN POST CARDIAC SURGERY INDIVIDUALS Objective: To know the relationship between depression and cardiovascular fitness in post cardiac surgery patients after phase 1of cardiac rehabilitation. Methodology: Observational study was done on 30 samples. The patients who underwent cardiac surgery were taken up for the study. After phase 1 of cardiac rehabilitation, samples were screened for depressive symptoms using CES-D scale and 6 minute walk test to predict peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Results: Correlation analysis was done between CES-D and VO2peak. The negative correlation coefficient of -0.951, with significance at p<0.000 was obtained. Conclusion: There exists a …show more content…
The occurrence of depression has been found to be independently associated with poor outcome, including poor quality of life, increased heart disease, and probably increased mortality. There is some evidence that those who have the severe heart disease are at greatest risk of an adverse outcome attributable to depression. Depression is an important independent contributor to medical and psychosocial morbidity up to 6 months after CABG.4 The causes of development of depression in cardiac disease can be attributed to the stress after surgery and development of depression in reaction to the illness 5. Stress has been shown to be one of the most potent triggers or inducers of depression6. With stress, the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and the sympatheticadrenomedullary (SA) system are activated, which leads to release of Catecholamines ( epinephrine and norepinephrine). Catecholamines increase alertness. Especially epinephrine usually evokes more anxiety and fear.7 With resolution of stress, these 2 systems should return to their basal states. Genetic predisposition, such as specific serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms, coupled with gene– environment interaction may explain why some individuals recover from life stressors and others develop the disease of depression.8 Another possibility is that depression is a secondary development in cardiac patients, whereby patients with more
ReferencesAnnesi, J. (2005). Changes in depressed mood associated with 10 weeks of moderate cardiovascular exercise in formerly sedentary adults. Psychological Reports, 96, 855-862.
A growing epidemic in America is depression. Physicians are able to prescribe drugs to help with the symptoms of depression, but other therapeutic methods have been studied and show great results in recovery. Therapeutic Physical Fitness has shown to reduce depression and anxiety. Ihas been confirmed through experiments that physical exercise can be as effective as antidepressant drugs and some cases suggest that it better prevents symptom recurrence.
The term "exercise", has been used interchangeably with “physical activity” (Taylor, 1983). Physical exercise implies a regular, structured, leisure-time pursuit (Salmon, 2001). The overwhelming evidence confirms that exercises contribute to mood improvement (Salmon, 2001). As for the definition of depression, it is a psychological state and mental disorder associated with feelings of sadness or hopelessness, and sometimes loss of interest in interaction with people or the activities that the person like (Landers, 1997).
Clinical depression is an illness that significantly affects the way someone feels; causing a persistent pessimistic mood. There are two main types of depression; post trauma and clinical deposition. This medical condition is often accompanied by a range of other physical and psychological symptoms that can interfere with a person’s everyday life; affecting 6% of Australian adults every year. Symptoms for depression include sleeping pattern disturbances, loss of motivation and interest, feeling worthless or guilty, anxiety and impaired concentration. There are a few ways that this depressive illness can be caused: reaction to a distressing situation like loss or stress; part of an illness such
By providing an example of patients who have several mental disorders such as depression, bipolar, and neurotic problems, “were twice as likely to have a stroke or experience heart disease that the general population” (Gregorie). She also added, “cardiologist showed how stress can trigger neurological and psychological changes that create the conditions for heart attacks” (Gregorie). With providing this information, Gregorie painted the basic overview of how depression and heart disease can cause one
A study reveals that 25% life misfortune are because of heart assaults and is positioned number one in slaughtering individuals. The study has likewise found that the most extreme passings in U.S. are brought about because of the heart assault. The greater part of us know about the real heart assault indications that are hypertension, smoking, and abnormal state of cholesterol. Anxiety is likewise one of the significant purpose behind heart disappointments.
Fatigue has considered one of the most problems experienced by patients with heart failure (H.F), it is affect patients different aspects of life, the daily living and other usual activities of patients are interfered by fatigue.(9) Also patients may experience associated psychological problems such as distress which is often presented by patients with H.F as a psychological distress reported as; depression or anxiety.(10, 11) Fatigue could be high in terms of its intensity in subjects with low ejection fraction, great depression and patients who took beta-blockers(12). The exact mechanism of developing fatigue among these heart failure patients is not well understood, but several physiological factors could play an important role in its entity
The impact of particular stressors varies across different people. Death or other losses such as job layoffs; relationship difficulties like divorce; puberty, marriage, or retirement; alcoholism or drug abuse; neurochemical and hormonal imbalances; and infections can cause depressive symptoms. According to both the Biopsychosocial Model and the Diathesis-Stress Theory, Unipolar Depression is caused by numerous psychological, social, and biological factors that interact with one another, and with a given individual's unique vulnerabilities (Nemade, Reiss & Dombeck
Furthermore, as 5HTR2C codes for a GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor)18 that binds to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that results in happiness and well-being, it is also likely that those with depression and anxiety may have higher rates of heart attack. Many epidemiological studies have established the comorbidity between depression and heart attacks19; there is a two-fold risk in individuals with depression of developing a cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is recommended to also test individuals diagnosed with mental health issues to be tested for SNP 6318 to reduce risk for heart attacks.
After reviewing the case of my patient Tom, I have come to the conclusion that he suffers from depression. At this stage of analysis of this case, we can look at the symptoms and signs shown by the patient and match them with the symptoms and signs of depression. Looking at the DSM IV (Diagnostic Statistic Manual 4) we can understand that the most basic symptoms of depression include loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities for more than two weeks, being in a mood that is different from
In the 2015 JACC: Heart Failure paper, Finocchiaro et al. investigated the effects of stress-induced cardiomyopathy (SCM) on right ventricular function. SCM is a reversible type of cardiomyopathy observed in patients without significant coronary disease. It is most observed in postmenopausal woman and is triggered by acute emotional or physical stress. They conducted a
RE: Health and Vital Signs 8/2/2015 7:33:10 PM I enjoyed reading your post. A lot of people don't realize how much stress and depression affect your body. Long term stress can cause damage to your heart. It can also cause cardiovascular disease. All this will
Objective: To analyze the level of stress and anxiety, as well as depression symptoms, in individuals with Heart Failure (HF) treated in outpatient clinics; to describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile of individuals with HF treated in outpatient clinics; to check the correlation among the stress, anxiety and depression scales; and to check if there is an association between the sociodemographic and clinical variables and the level of stress and anxiety, or with the depression symptoms. Method: The sample was calculated by the statistics of Z-test, based on three main study questionnaires: Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale. Data collection took place by means of these validated questionnaires,
Some body that has heart ailment will probably be more depressed than somebody with hyper tension.
Dimeo, F., Bauer, M., Varahram, I., Proest, G., and Halter, U. (2001) Benefits from aerobic exercise in patients with major depression: a pilot study. British Journal of Sp