PSI 2219: Research Design and Methods
Hypothetical Research Plan
In God We Trust: Freedom of Religion in Public Schools
Shawn O’Connell
Word Count: 1595
Submitted September 28, 2015
“I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this piece of work, nor have I knowingly tolerated any violation of the Honor Code.”
Provisional Title
“In God We Trust: Freedom Religion in Public Schools”
This title was chosen to examine and understand the extent in which teachers and students can express their beliefs, and the extent to which schools allow religion to be tolerated. I chose the title “In God We Trust” because it is the official motto of the United States, yet it directly correlate’s with the controversy of separation of
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This project looks to investigate and understand the importance of keeping religion relevant in public schools, and at the same time how public schools should address religion while being aware of the ongoing controversy surrounding it.
Initial Hypothesis
This study hypothesizes that even though we as Americans may define our beliefs differently according to what we believe, we should strive to keep the idea of religious freedom with upmost importance to which The United States was founded upon.
Due to the controversial views on this study, we must address all factions of each argument being made, yet not underestimate the importance of these issues.
Literature Review
All around the world you find people with different cultures, ideologies, and beliefs. Having a good understanding of this improves global competence skills that all students should develop. A major theme argued by the PEW forum, deals with religious literacy. Studies show that the all of the world’s religious traditions gives students the chance to ponder the “questions” of life that we cannot find in a textbook, or online. Religious practices are the backbone of human culture, and these ideas effect topics from economics, politics and law. If a student lacks knowledge of all the different religions and ideas in the
Religion is one of the most controversial issues in society today. The concern of allowing prayer in schools is an on-going debate and has resulted in numerous lawsuits. Religious school clubs, after school activities, curriculums, and moments of silence during school are just a few of the court cases that judges have administered. People in favor of prayer in schools believe that their children can only learn certain values through religious practice. On the other hand, an individual against religious practice in schools views this issue as an infringement on his or her children’s rights as Americans.
The question of whether or not religion should be taught in public schools has been an ongoing debate among parents and teachers for decades. In the article “Religion and Education: The Pitfalls of Engaging a Complex Issue” Martin E. Marty and Jonathan Moore express their views on the matter. They express that religion in public schools could potentially bring conflict to families. They also support the other scenario that religion classes would inform students of the different beliefs of the people they will meet throughout their lives. Religion in the public school system is still an ongoing debate, one that needs to be resolved. The children that will be affected by the outcome of this debate are the future leaders of America, therefore, we should not take this decision lightly. Children everywhere and in all schools need to be taught about different religions so they can make a firm stand for what they believe in.
Issues involving public schools and religion have been topics involving intense debate. It is difficult for the government to elucidate the appropriate boundaries of religion in the public schools. It is true that teaching about religion is permitted in the public education systems, but the real question is where the margin should be set between teaching religion and simply teaching about religion. It is almost impossible to teach about the history of the United States without teaching that religious beliefs associated with the history, artwork, and literature. More than the public is lead to believe, The Constitution permits religious activities in and around public school buildings. It is unfortunate that the
For centuries, the debate has existed whether or not to allow prayer in public schools. Many Americans feel it is not right of the schools to teach religion. With all the diversity associated with the United States, public schools cannot select one standard religion to practice, due to the cultural and religious differences in the country. Not only are schools the storm center of controversy involving religious differences, they are the principal institution charged with transmitting the identity and mission of the United States from one generation to the next. If we fail in our school policies and classrooms to model and to teach how to live with differences, we endanger our experiment in religious liberty and our
This article analyzes the First Amendment of the United States Constitution in order to persuade the reader that religious education should be included in school curricula. However, Chaffee argues that public schools may not hinder nor prohibit the teachings of a specific religion over others, as “Public schools uphold the First Amendment when they protect the religious liberty rights of students of all faiths or none. Schools demonstrate fairness when they ensure that the curriculum includes study about religion, where appropriate, as an important part of a complete education” (Chaffee). Chaffee then mentions Professor Charles Haynes, a First Amendment scholar, master teacher, activist and change agent, whom he has spoken to about the matter.
Rhetorical Analysis of Oliver Sacks’ Seeing God in the Third Millennium Hallucinations can come in all shapes and sizes, occuring for many different reasons. Understandably, these experiences can become life-altering in the blink of an eye. Famed neurologist and author, Oliver Sacks, examined various cases of patients who received such hallucinations. In the article, Seeing God in the Third Millennium, he explored how the brain creates out-of-body experiences and religious epiphanies. By using his strong rhetorical prowess, Oliver Sacks successfully argued that hallucinations are not all they appear to be.
Christianity has a history of being laced with education in the United States. From colonization of the United States with Christian textbooks, to laws written to maintain Christianity in schools, and to now with Supreme Court cases banning Christianity from schools; it has always been a persistent force in America's education. The foundation of the entanglement of religion and education began with the creation of the nation’s first universities. After that, laws were mandated to maintain the religious mix, like the Northwest Ordinance. Significantly, the New England Primer and the McGuffey Readers were the basis of all basic education, as the religious contents influenced multitudes of American generations. Supreme Court cases have proven
The act of defining religion has been a contentious issue in a wide variety of situations, particularly in the United States. The US is a nation that prides itself on religious inclusivity and freedom. There are consequences to this belief and tenant. Through the social, legal and moral structures of the United States, defining religion has become imperative. In The Impossibility of Religious Freedom, Winifred Sullivan outlines the legal implications of defining religion in the United States. In order for religious freedom to be protected by the American state, religion must be clearly defined. As a result, religious theory must be used to maintain some semblance of religious freedom in the United States. Likewise, Josh Dubler’s Down in
Religion is one of the largest controversies in the world, due mainly to different people with different backgrounds and cultures are in America. Religion creates positivity and brings people together, but can also cause arguments and debates. America founded its nation on religion; however, society has slowly pushed it away year by year. Religion is being pushed out of our classrooms, schools, and communities because of the miniscule percentage of people in America who aren’t religious. People are becoming offended easily by religious topics, which is causing the negativity among American citizens. America’s youth are being deprived of an education that includes world religions and culture. There hasn’t been a single successful effort to reinstate religion into schools despite efforts to slowly take away the changes that have been made to take religion out. I propose to reestablish religion into Athens High school because it forms good morals that will help America’s youth become better contributors of society.
Freedom of religion has been a right guaranteed to individuals in society. However, it is ultimately just an idea put in place that is disregarded as something insignificant. The workplaces of many people choose to deny employees the right to express their religion freely, for fear it may leave a bad image for the company. It is apparent that freedom of religion is not a strong right as many people may have originally thought it was. The limits of this right have been tested for decades and continue to be an issue for people today. Freedom of religion may go on to exist as a right in society, but when investigating deeper into this privilege, it is evident that it is merely an idea taken for granted.
he question of religious involvement in public education has been a controversial topic since before America was a country. Thomas Paine, one of our founding fathers, expressed, “As to religion, I hold it to be the indispensable duty of the government to protect all conscientious protesters thereof, and I know of no other business government has to do therewith,” (“20 Quotes”). While the separation of church and state was a necessity made clear by Thomas Jefferson in the first amendment of the Constitution, the question differentiating freedom of religion and freedom from religion remains intangible. The public university of Arkansas State confronted this debate in September of 2014 after the death of two of its esteemed football team associates.
This class would focus on the five religions with the most adherence in Winston-Salem and worldwide: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. Students would learn the central tenants of each faith, as well as the similarities and differences between them. As juniors and seniors in high school, these students exhibit a greater amount of maturity and a greater ability to think critically about religion. By offering Introduction to Religion as an elective course, students get to decide whether or not to take this course; therefore, students who sign up will likely display a genuine interest in the subject. This discussion-based class would create a forum for students to professionally discuss religion and the influence it has on society. In the classroom, religion can be taught objectively to increase students’ knowledge about religion without influencing their personal
Eventually, teachers, in the public school system, will find themselves in the crosshairs in the debate over a student’s expression of religious beliefs within the classroom. What should a teacher do if a student decides to submit an essay on Jesus as their hero accompanied by a drawing of the Last Supper? Should the teacher accept the student’s submission? If so, will the assignment be displayed on the classroom wall? By investigations the students’ religious rights under the First Amendment, coupled with the evaluation of the assignment, and the teacher’s practice of displaying student’s work in the classroom will reveal the predicament that the instructor will find themselves in.
“Freedom of religion includes both the right to manifest beliefs and practices and the right to be free from state coercion or constraint in matters of religion ().” One of the most controversial places in which freedom of religion manifests itself is the public school. In order to protect freedom of religion, it is important to make sense of how a school must treat religion so the school does not compromise its role within society. This paper will establish current rulings on religion in public school and then explore what a religious accommodation is, why it may be necessary, and finally how it will take shape within the public school system by using a multitude of examples. This paper argues that religious accommodations for students in public schools are necessary to ensure freedom of religion. However, in order to guarantee that religious accommodation is enforceable and discernable, it argues for a two-pronged evaluation of each scenario in order to determine the viability of the proposed religious accommodation. Firstly, the accommodation must not infringe on the education of the other students not included in the accommodation by taking away their rights and the accommodation must not exempt a student from the education provided by the school. By applying this two-way evaluation system to given examples it will be concluded that religious freedom must absolutely be protected by way of certain religious accommodations provided that the school is not undermined by such
The subject of religion in public schools is one that has been debated vigorously and passionately. The warriors from the Right and Left fail to appreciate the facts because they are caught up in the rhetoric and have difficulty viewing this emotional topic dispassionately (Haynes, 2011). Both sides are right about one thing: this is an important subject.