Research Paper On Meningitis

It is untreated, it is fatal and can cause serious longterm complications bacause it can progress rapidly. C. Fungal Meningitis developes in patrients with condition in their immune sysytem. D. Parasitic Meningitis it is common in undeveloping country it is cause by parasites. IV. Causes and symptoms of Meningites Diseas A. Viral Meningitis • Causes non-polio enterovirusis, measles viruses, mumps viruses, Epstein Barr viruses, Influenza viruses, arboviruses(through mosquitos and o her insects) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

In fact, a specific region of Africa has been dubbed the meningitis belt. Those living in this sub-Saharan region stretching from Senegal to Gambia are at risk for the lethal epidemics that ravage the land during most dry seasons ("PATH."). Bacterial meningitis works in a very specific way, with quite a few symptoms; however, adequate treatments and vaccines have been developed.

Meningitis, also known as spinal meningitis, is a viral or bacterial infection causing inflammation of the membranes, called meninges. Meninges act as a natural protective barrier that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. When the barrier is permeable, infections are able to transmit a disease in or through and cause serious or even fatal effects. There are different causes for the different categories of meningitis resulting in different symptoms and severities in each.

The infection can also be spread through oral secretion. Kissing, coughing, sharing makeup, sharing utensils, and drinking out of the same straw as an infected person are all ways that The majority of outbreaks occur in the winter and spring when school is in session. One-third of all Bacterial Meningitis outbreaks between 1991 and 1996 occurred in schools or universities.

Meningitis is a serious infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by meningococcal disease, which is contracted by 1,000 to 2,600 people yearly in the United States. Meningococcal disease is also serious, with one in ten cases leading to

Meningitis attacks the meninges - the protective film covering of the brain and the spinal cord. Symptoms can come on rapidly and often include a severe headache, stiff neck and possible fever. Encephalitis, affects the brain itself, causing flu-like symptoms. Both condition can occur on their own or in concurrence with the

Meningitis can be destructive without proper understanding of what it is caused by. There are three types of meningitis- bacterial, fungal, and viral. Contrasting factors tend to arise during a comparison of them. One of the most notable areas that viral, fungal and bacterial meningitis differ in are their treatment ability. However, they have the same general affects on the human body. In any case, there are tests that doctors can utilize in order to discover if the meningitis is bacterial, fungal, or viral.

First, the patient would have a fever, headache, or vomiting just as the flu. Then, he would think that it is just the flu and treat it that way according to his previous knowledge. After that, the symptoms and the disease are going to get worse, more severe, and more developed because of the ignorance and the lack of awareness about the only sign that differs meningitis and flu from each other. However, the patient at this moment would go to the doctor seeking the treatment, but it is too late (1). Also, some students ignore the meningitis vaccines and in light of this fact the chances of getting meningitis are high. “Up to a quarter of students carry the bacteria that can cause meningitis compared to one in ten of the general population." (2). Stress also play a critical role besides these two affecters on the chances of getting

Meningococcal Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective coverings of brain and spinal cord called the meninges. Meningococcal Meningitis is caused by the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria (Theobald, M, 2014). There are five forms of meningitis, bacterial being the most fatal. The other form types are viral, parasitic, fungal, and non-infectious. Meningococcal Meningitis can also be caused by other bacterium called Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and, Listeria monocytogenes (CDC, 2016). Without any treatment of meningitis, it can spread into the blood and cause sepsis--when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection, trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body. This inflammation can trigger a cascade of changes that can damage multiple organ systems, causing them to fail (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2016). Meningitis is usually caused as a secondary infection when it makes its way into the central nervous

Meningococcal meningitis: In Europe and the Americas, serogroups B and C are predominant while in Africa serogroups A and C are dominant; serogroup W-135 is pandemic and serogroup Y as the dominant strain of infection in the United States and Canada. There are 75-80% of patients acquiring this type of infection which is an infection of the brain and spinal cord with a mortality rate of 2-4%. Bacterial meningitis causes brain damage, hearing loss and learning disabilities to those that do survive. Meningococci shed their endotoxin, which damages tissues and activates the cytokine cascade (inflammation). This then allows them access to the subarachnoid space causing the blood-brain barrier to seep.

N. meningitides bacterium responsible for outbreaks in densely populated areas such as childcare centers, boarding schools, or college living areas (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle, & Cheever, 2010). These outbreaks are most common in winter and spring months when risk factors like upper respiratory infections are more likely (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle, & Cheever, 2010). Immunosuppression must be present for this pathogen to invade. Other risk factors for meningitis are otitis media (middle ear infection), mastoiditis (mastoid bone infection) (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle, & Cheever, 2010), systemic sepsis, sinusitis (sinus infection), basilar skull fractures, and the very young and the very old (Porth & Matfin, 2009).

Meningitis is a disease that affects the meninges, a membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal

In general, meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Vieusseux, a Swiss physician, first discovered meningitis in 1805 during an outbreak in Switzerland. This disease is mostly caused by a viral infection, but the cause may also be a bacterial infection or fungal infection. The bacterial meningitis is the most

Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, caused by an infection. Meningitis is most often caused by a viral infection. However, meningitis can also be caused by bacterial infections, fungal infections, chemical reactions, drug allergies, some types of cancer, and inflammatory diseases. Some of the following bacteria may cause meningitis: Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitides, and Listeria monocytogenes. As stated in its name, bacterial meningitis, requires a bacterium for and individual to contract the disease. The bacteria are spread through respiratory and throat excretions such as saliva. Saliva can be exchanged through kissing or coughing.

What led him to the discovery was discovering meningococcal bacteria. A few years later, Heinrich Quincke was the first to use the method of lumbar puncturing to analyze the cerebral fluid as a form of diagnosing meningitis. (1)