Sample Population Of 303 Beneficiaries Received Palliative Radiation Treatment Essay

82 developed an index defined as GAP (gender, age, physiology), in order to predict mortality in IPF. US and Italian patients included in this study were divided in three groups: 228 patients, 44.3% of which with biopsy proven IPF, were included in the derivation cohort and 555, 54.7% of which with biopsy, in two validation cohorts of 330 and 325 patients. Mean follow-up was 1.7 and 2.4 in the derivation and the validation cohorts, respectively. The primary endpoint of the study was time to death or lung transplantation. Overall mortality was 49% in the derivation cohort and 62% in the validation cohorts. A competing-risk regression model was used to screen potential predictors of mortality in the derivation cohort including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, supplemental oxygen use, FVC, FEV1, TLC and DLCO. Age, sex, FVC% predicted and DLCO% predicted were identified as independent predictors and were used to develop the GAP individual risk calculator towards mortality and staging system. Three stages (stages I, II, and III) were identified based on the GAP index with 1-year mortality of 6%,16%, and 39%,

Jane was diagnosed with lung cancer 6 months ago and underwent chemo and radiation. The treatment was not entirely effective, and her oncologist is recommending another course of chemo, along with a possibility of surgery. The oncologist and surgeon feel that this course of treatment would not necessarily be a cure, but would potentially extend life, and that the chance of living beyond a year is about 30-40% with this treatment. Without treatment, they estimate that she will likely live approximately 6-9 months. Jane is concerned that she will have little quality of life, as the first course of chemo and radiation caused extreme fatigue and nausea, as well as hair loss and skin peeling.

What treatment options should be discussed with the patient? Provide a rationale for each potential treatment and how each is thought to impact the disease processes.

Radiation therapy is the ionization of atoms in tissues resulting in formation of highly reactive radicals in a well-defined, restricted volume (1). In other words, ionizing radiations are used to eradicate tumors and at the same time preserve structure and function of normal tissue. A limitation is prevented from being a problem. If bone marrow or neuronal cells are destroyed or injured, they do not regenerate. However, with radiation therapy, these cells are often saved from injury or destruction, unless the tumor is infecting bone marrow or neuronal cells. Today, radiation therapy is the most popular type of cancer therapy in use. It is used to treat one-half to two-thirds of all cancers, which translates to more than ten percent of the population

As a result, the amount of money that gets propelled back into the healthcare industry skyrockets as the list of medical issues following these treatments grows more and more extensive. A study done by Dr. John Diamond shows that females who undergo chemotherapy and radiation treatments “face a 35% chance of developing breast cancer by the time they are 40, which is 75 times greater than average” (Dr. John Diamond, MD). Chemotherapy and radiation have been proven to weaken, and sometimes completely destroy, the immune system. This makes the already physically unstable patient even more susceptible to illnesses and diseases that they wouldn 't otherwise have had to worry about. Consequently, the recurrence of cancer is a very likely, and in some cases, unavoidable. But it is unacceptable that the most common and easily accessible drug is the reason why 35% of patients will develop a second cancer (haematologica.org). Many other cancers can come as a result of chemotherapy too. One study found that, "Patients who underwent chemo were 14 times more likely to develop leukemia and 6 times more likely to develop cancers of the bones, joints, and soft tissues than those patients who did not undergo

"You have stage IV lung cancer that has metastasized to your lymph nodes and bones. Your prognosis is poor; you may have another 18 months left [to live]." The oncologist’s words marked the beginning of my ex-husband’s physical and emotional suffering until his untimely death in January 2017. Witnessing his unrelenting pain and watching him suffer from lung cancer and the horrible side effects of chemotherapy, I wondered why the doctors did not offer him any other alternatives other than living in progressive pain. Why would they let him suffer for the next 18 months with ineffective pain management treatment when his prognosis was so poor? This option should have been available to him, but due to state laws and

In clinical practice today the population is increasing in the number of elderly patients, as is the occurrence of breast cancer in women 60 years of age and older. According to Tang et al. (2011) the occurrence of breast cancer in women 65 years old and older is greater than “400 cases per 100, 000 women” (p. 3). The appropriate treatment options for the elderly are not as standard as those for a younger generation related to the effects the aging process has on the body. Secondary conditions such as congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes mellitus (DM), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and the effects of treatment on functionality are also considered when

Hannibal, Missouri is where I currently reside, my family and I moved from Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Shortly after we secured housing in Hannibal, I was able to find employment as a case worker at Clarity Healthcare Systems (CHS). First job in the social service field, I was excited to get started and meet the first individual I would have as a client who was a new intake to CHS. During the first meeting with this client he reported that he had some Auto Immune Disease but could not recall what exactly it was. Nervous already, I did not go further into the topic because I was uncomfortable and I thought he was talking about AIDS. When we spoke about his treatment plan goals, his most urgent concern was finding another house due to an eviction

You suspect that your patient may have lung cancer (provide a minimum of 1 reference)? (5 marks)

A: Janie is a 60 year old Female with PMH of A-Fib, COPD, Hypothyroidism, HTN, Lung Cancer and recently diagnosed Pulmonary Embolism. Janie presents to ER for evaluation on SOB, cough with greenish sputum, sore thoart, hoarseness and generalized weakness. Janie lives at home with her husband, use to smoke ½ pack per week, but quit many years ago, denies alcohol or drugs. Family history is non-contributory. Allergies: NKDA. Differential diagnosis includes worsening Lung Ca, PE, COPD and CHF. Janie uses home O2 at 4 L/NC. V/S: T=98.7, HR=89, R=16, B/P=132/56, O2 sats=100% on 4L/NC, Pain=6/10. Labs: WBC=7.6, H&H=8.5/27, Na=141, Troponin=0.08/0.06, BNP=495, INR=4.2, UA=3+ protein, 1+ blood and 6-10 RBC. CXR: Impression:1). COPD with nonspecific coarsening of the basilar interstitium. 2). Mild cardiomegaly with borderline cardiac compensation. 3). Right

This review of available literature will evaluate the two main forms of treatment as well as risk factors and typical barriers to care and innovations in the field of care.

Short term political factors include the result in the Slave Trade by the government and what happened because of that. The government’s response towards crimes was to make their punishments harsher, but this didn’t have the affect they wanted. Getting hung, transportation or being banished from England to one of Britain’s distant colonies, were the most common ways to be punished after committing a crime. Their plan failed immensely; hanging prisoners turned into a social event, families would come and observe, eventually turning it into a carnival-felt situation. Despite the government making their punishments harder, thinking the result would reduce the numbers, it remained the same therefore Britain’s prisons were a large concern. Convicts

Several methods such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have been used to treat cancers. The cancer patients who are not helped

2. Carr, D. B., Fischer, D. S. & Markman, M. (1994). Cancer: when to focus on palliation. Patient Care, 28, (3), 123–126.

The spiritual core of Confucianism is the eternal human values. However, on this it may be objected that all more or less significant spiritual currents in one way or another have always been associated with these values. To this, there is the following answer: a pledge of eternal Confucianism was able to express those values in the most accessible, the most common and the indisputable form. Moreover, the author believes that it is necessary to speak about eternity. Set up in the Confucian way the observer immediately noticed that of the two, as it were by the nature bestowed more than "natural" communities - the family and the state - is a much more stable family, and because it pushed all Confucius and his followers on the main