ASSIGNMENT
ON
Prismatic –Sala Model Vs. Bureaucratic Model
Prepared by:Kh. Mahmudul Hasan2nd Year, 1st SemesterRegistration No: 2010237072Department of Public Administration326/C, Shah Poran HallMob. No: 01912167683, 01612167683Email: mahmudul016@gmail.comShahjalal University of Science & TechnologySylhet – 3114. |
Introduction
Riggs made a great effort in searching for an objective and effective model for analyzing public administration in developing regions. With his background in sociological theory, Riggs created the “fused-prismatic-diffracted model.” This model covers a wide range of research. For instance, economic life, social structures, political symbols, and the allocation of power are all part
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The prismatic society shares the value-patterns of both fused and diffracted societies
Prismatic society F. W. Riggs suggested a middle movement society between the fused and diffracted society which is called prismatic society. It is better than fused society but less than diffracted society. It is specific stable.
Till the end of the Second World War the study of Political Science and Public Administration had virtually remained confined to the United States, Great Britain and other Western countries. The various approaches and models which were developed in the disciplines were consequently based on Western experiences, either explicitly or implicitly. With the ripening into statehood of the various colonies of the Western powers, a new category of states- the underdeveloped or developing countries arose, and the methods and approaches which were available to the students of Political Science and Public Administration were discovered to be inadequate, and even inoperative when applied to the study of these newly liberated societies. The ecology of Public Administration is as much as limiting factor as is the ecology of biological species. The key to the understanding of Riggs is his contention that administrative behavior must be looked at in relation to its environment, that is, its ‘ecology’. Riggs certainly does not include in ecology all the
Changing how large governmental structures function is neither an easy task nor a quick one; it will require the undoing and unlearning of a very tightly held political and economic system by all parties involved. At the center of Spade’s call for
The challenges that the country should face in the next years to accelerate and improve this democratization process are to ensure collective and individual rights for Indigenous people, a large group of people in the country, improve the judiciary system in cases of maladministration, allow and fund the political participation of independent candidates, professionalize the police forces, end rampant corruption in districts due to excessive powers of the authorities and drug cartels and reduce the gap between the rich and the poor by assuring balancing the salaries of public officials. These are ambitious goals but once the democratization process has been started it cannot be blocked especially if it is part of the national and international interest. Improving the transparency and public administration of a country increase its efficiency as well as its weight on the international community so the ability to make a difference when decisions are made at a global level, the goal that every country (not so) secretly
The idea of civil service dates back to ancient times. But bureaucracy is modern terms that evolved with the emergence of Public Administration as an academic field. Politics-administration dichotomy is one of the most important factor in the ‘Study of Public Administration’ by Woodrow Wilson in 1887 (Afegbua: 2013). Nature of administration, the extent of work by bureaucracy and many other issues are characterized by the relationship between politics and administration. Bangladesh has experienced different forms of government regime from military autocratic to democratic republic. Before liberation, it experienced government system under British Colonialism and government by Pakistan as it was part of Pakistan earlier. Due to the variation in the forms of government the relations between politics and administration were also different.
In Woodrow Wilson’s article “The Study of Administration”, Wilson arguments for a strong and effective public administration were based around two points. First, the fact that the governmental system had expanded greatly from when it first started and as a result had become more complex and had many more parts to it. Second, to split government between politics and administration, as there should not be politics in administration, instead let those who wish to be involved in politics concentrate on politics and those with expertise in the field administer the policies. The case study “The Blast in Centralia No.5: A Mine Disaster No One Stopped”, showed that a bureaucracy that is weak has the same affect on its constituents as no bureaucracy at all. As a result, after reading those two articles, I feel that there is a need for a strong and effective public administration system.
A Research Project Submitted to the Faculty of National University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of:
The first was that human instinct could be enhanced through the edified use of controls, motivations, and disciplines. The second key presumption was that the energy of the national government could be bridled to enhance the individual and change society. These two suppositions were not shared by political traditionalists, who had a tendency to trust that human instinct was perpetual, and that the central government ought to stay restricted in size and
Since Wilson, the nature of public administration has undergone three distinct areas of thought: the politically based Old Public Administration, economically based New Public Administration, and democratically based New Public Service (Denhardt &
Political structures are defined as the formal or informal political procedures through which decisions are made regarding the usage, production and distribution of resources in any given community. Formal political structures through its organizations can control processes such as election of leaders; parts and tasks of the executive and administration; organization of political representation (through political parties); and the obligation and oversight of the state. Informal and communal political structures, customs and rules can work within or together with the formal political organizations. In development, democratic political structures are seen to deliver prospects for all without discrimination (Scott & Mcloughlin, 2014).
Politics will try and dominate some places where there is a vast majority of supporters both to the government and to the opposition. Spade has highlighted the need to avoid these resistances that is likely to create hatred among different communities thereby resulting into exploitations of different communities. It is, therefore, important to analyze the norms so as to help eliminate the resist against some individual who may be proposing or opposing the developments. The book has generated individualistic rights that can be achieved as a result of the norms. “dispersion of power among people will help realize the generation of a mutual relationship between different people from different communities.” Spade has used the description given by Mitchell Dean to show different kinds of analysis that are experienced through the use of bureaucracy. The identification of different regimes within the government set up will, therefore, create a platform for generating multiplicity through heterogeneous and unlimited
The political and administrative arms of government could be identified as the power structures described within the case study. The political arm being responsible for the legislation and the administrative arm for advice and implementation. Without these power structures the impacts of the legislation may never have arisen. The issue is both an individual and societal problem, due to culture, behaviour and norms that have allowed these problems to arise and grow. The societal aspect is the bigger influencer here
An analysis of the mechanics of the recent elections held in the United States illuminates the overall theme portrayed in Weber’s essay on Bureaucracy and demonstrates a spot-on representation of his ideals in Charismatic Authority. In Bureaucracy, Weber describes the bureaucratic structure as a nearly unbreakable and regenerative entity. He argues that,
Overview: This section explains the research philosophy, the literature survey for this research, data collection technique, data analysis approach and the overall process of the research. It started by gather the general insights that were relevant to the research; derived the information into a research topic; brief explanation about how the research was conducted, how the data was collected through experiment, how the data was analysed and concluded.
Since the initiation of the Third Wave of Democracy, several countries have attempted to form a democratic system of governs. We take note that not all have succeeded. At the dawn of this era, democracy was being applied to countries with no prior history of a governing body that was place by the people for the people hence success of such a system could not be guaranteed because of the innumerous variables that existed in each country. People being the highlighted factor of variance, it may become easier to understand how countries such as Pakistan and Nigeria, both countries prior to the Wave had no local governing machinery. Pakistan further endured a partition from India which resulted in not only an instant religious and
Public administration is sets to identify the formulation and policies of the executive branch, also playing a part in the judicial and legislative branches; implementing public policies; involved in problems concerning human behavior and operative human efforts; involved with the production of public goods and services. Public administration is also closely associated with numerous of private groups and individuals which provide multiple services to the communities.
There are many theories pertaining to the nature of power in society. In modern society, it is important to identify where and when power is exercised, who benefits and who suffers from it being exerted upon them. In this tradition, it is useful to examine the managerialist perspective.