Alkaloids occur naturally and considered an organic compound that provides many benefits for both humans and animals. Nevertheless, alkaloids embrace caffeine as a member of the family, which exists in many natural drinks and manufactured drinks. Furthermore, the extraction of caffeine was done through the previous experiment in which boiling water and dichloromethane separated the organic layer and sodium carbonate worked on excluding the Tannins acid. Later on, caffeine was completely extracted by removing the solution via heating (Rains, 2016). Proceeding with experiment, the duration of boiling for tea was eight minutes whereas for coffee, boiling duration was fifteen minutes. Moreover, after boiling process, both liquids were transferred to a separatory funnel and was inverted for a total of four times and vented after every invertion to allow for the accumulation of undesired gas to …show more content…
However, when dividing the actual yield by the actual yield (0.2), the percent yield gave a result of 0.4g. The amount of caffeine obtained is lower than the theoretical yield. Therefore, from the obtained results, it was concluded that several sources of error were done during the performance of the experiment. Such sources of error could arise from the extraction process. Meaning, During the extraction process of caffeine from tea from the seperetory funnel, the caffeine may not fully be extracted from tea. Accordingly, there might be some caffeine left in the seperatory funnel and therefore yielded a lower yield than the theoretical yield. Another source of error could be that during the extraction process, some leakage of caffeine must have been done and took several seconds for participants to notice and therefore that leakage could cause a great loss of the total amount of caffeine and accordingly yields a lower yield than the theoretical
According to the results, the columns of caffeine in figure 1, of this experiment the hypothesis for caffeine is partially accepted. There is an increasing trend in the change of pulsation rates with increasing
Caffeine is a mild stimulant that occurs naturally in at least 63 plant species. Caffeine can be found in the leaves, stems, seeds, and roots of these various plants. Caffeine is part of the methylxanthine family. It consists of a xanthine molecule with three methyl groups attached to it. Caffeine can be found in many products like sodas, tea, and coffee, but it also occurs in several other products such as prescription medications, diuretics, and pain relievers. Caffeine’s widespread use and popularity have caused many people to view the substance as an addictive drug. Thus making caffeine the most inexpensive and readily available drug known to man. Then on the other hand there are
Components containing caffeine were composed into stock solutions. These solutions were diluted to 1: 10 substance: mobile phase. A stock solution of caffeine was diluted 1:50. A sequence of diluted caffeine solutions were prepared for use as a standard (ppm): 1, 2, 4, and 10. Solutions of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, and Goody’s Powder were developed to differentiate chromatographic peaks observed. These solutions were subjected to HPLC for examination of the observed peak area and retention time for the set of compounds. Comparison of retention time allowed for the differentiation of peaks observed. The peak area obtained was utilized to determine the relative concentration of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder based on the relationship obtained in the standard. The content of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder by percent weight was identified.
Many manufactures release the caffeine content of their products publically, but not always, and new products and flavors are continuously introduced to the market. If quality checks are not performed, manufactures may alter the caffeine and benzoic acid content to suit the demands without public knowledge. To ensure the levels of caffeine and benzoic acid in products do not exceed the established safe limits and to inform the public of the amount of these compounds being consumed, various methods of analysis have been performed. Before the introduction of modern techniques, spectrophotometric methods alone were used to determine concentration of a compound in a mixture.6 The caffeine content in coffee, tea, soft drink, and energy drinks were determined using an immunoassay.7 The caffeine content in mixtures also used to have to be extracted before quantification.8
An independent samples t-test was conducted to examine the difference between experimental conditions on test performance. The results indicated a significant difference between participants who consumed the caffeinated beverage and participants who did not, with participants in the caffeinated group (M = 7.64, SD = 2.41) performing worse than participants in the non-caffeinated group (M = 9.81, SD = 3.16), t (97) = 2.14, p < .05.
Pure caffeine is a white powder, like what is found in caffeine pills, and is “a plant-based alkaloid which
The metabolism results of study A showed caffeine results (Fig. A) as expected. Pre-caf gave the earliest caffeine reading, followed by dur-caf. Urinary caffeine levels (Fig. B) were well below the International Olympic Committee regulation of 12µg/ml. Plasma analysis showed that blood glucose levels were higher in the pre-caf treatment, possibly due an increase in metabolic rate from the
Extraction is a valuable technique to use when withdrawing a desired substance from a mixture of chemical substances. As a rule, the top layer is less dense than the bottom layer. In this experiment, impurities such as chlorophyll, cellulose, and flavornoids are in the top aqueous layer and caffeine is the bottom organic layer. Chlorophylls, flavornoids, and their oxidation products, are what gives tea solutions their brown pigmentation. However, only chlorophylls are soluble in the dichloromethane and give caffeine a green color. Cellulose is an almost insoluble polymer of glucose. Caffeine is a known water-soluble compound, however, caffeine is more soluble in dichloromethane. According to Chemicalbook, caffeine’s solubility
One hundred Participants including 50male and 50 female will be selected based on the criteria, conducted with foundation of Fredholm’s finding [2,4] on the factor influencing the absorbing duration and rate of caffeine in the circulatory system and the effect on metabolism may be produced. Those factors could be separated into the following group: abnormal body conditions (namely pregnancy or illness), age, specific condition of body (physical fitness, liver function or the
Chemistry: 1Caffeine was first isolated in 1819 by a German scientist by the name of Friedrich Ferdinand. Its molecular formulae is C8H10N4O2 and caffeine is the common name given for 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine. Caffeine is placed in a group called alkaloids this term is used to classify substances that are end products of the nitrogen metabolism in certain plants. It is soluble in many organic diluters and in water, when in pure form caffeine appears as white crystals. Caffeine is extracted for consumer purposes from natural sources such as plants or from uric acid through a process called synthesis.
Introduction Caffeine is a member of the class of compounds organic chemists call alkaloids. Alkaloids are nitrogencontaining basic compounds that are found in plants. They usually taste bitter and often are physiologically active in humans. The names of some of these compounds are familiar to you even if the structures aren’t: nicotine, morphine, strychnine, and cocaine. The role or roles these compounds play in the life of the plants in which they are found is not well understood. In some cases they may act as pesticides; nicotine is found in tobacco and has been sprayed onto other plants, in which it is not found, to function as an insecticide. The structure of caffeine is shown to the right. It
One on the beneficial effects on caffeine, two the negative effects, and finally on trends in caffeine consumption
The consumption of caffeine has grown all over the world in the past few years, and has become a norm for many individuals to consume coffee throughout the day. In many occasions individuals may not know that they may be consuming coffee through various products that may not necessarily be types of coffee drinks. The coffee trend has become one phenomenon that that has become into a multi million-dollar industry that continues to grow at an astonish fast rate throughout the world. The traditional individuals that were thought to consumed coffee were adults that were going to work in the morning or grandparents that would drink a cup as a morning breakfast that was accompanied with other treats like doughnuts or warm bread. Today the characteristic of the average person who consumes coffee has changed to all ages. The reasons on why individuals drink coffee may vary from just enjoying the taste of coffee to have the need to stay awake over long periods of time. In some occasions people decide to drink coffee to start their day with some sort of energy, especially when they may have different tasks that they may need to complete. The consumptions of coffee can be beneficial in many occasions to help individuals be energized throughout the day but in some occasions this particular plant can also be lethal when consumed in high dosages.
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), a purine alkaloids naturally occurring in more than 60 plant species, finds greater commercial importance for its wide application in popular beverages like coffee, tea and various soft drinks. Caffeine is also one of the major agro-industrial wastes generated from the coffee and tea processing plants. Therefore, decaffeination of waste is very necessary from the point of view of environmental conservation.
The scientist was successful in pulling caffeine in its pure state from the beans, but that’s about as far as he got. His interest having much more to do with the extracted caffeine than with the beans it left behind.