Strategy Purpose Activity Goal: Problem Solving Problem

Defining the crime problem is a vital step in controlling crime. Crime is undoubtedly a significant and pricey societal problem but we cannot target the problem without first defining it. There is no one identical solution to crime, instead it is based on a piece by piece basis. Strategies to target crimes need to target larger geographical areas, sometimes entire states. In addition, for a strategy to be successful in controlling a crime it cannot be too vague or extremely specific to an index crime. An example of a crime a law should target is: drug sales in a problem neighborhood or rapes at a city park. –Chapter 1 Page

Long-lasting strategies that address the causes of youth crime must involve a variety of individuals, organizations and governments in such areas as crime prevention, child welfare, mental health, education, social services and employment. The Strategy supports the involvement of a broad range of organizations that work with children. Families, communities and victims will also be more involved in addressing youth crime under the government's new strategy.

Due to these apparent successes, the problem-focused approach has been used to address a diverse array of problems such as gangs, drugs, school crime and the management of police call for service in urban, suburban and even rural communities. The exploration of possible responses to a problem is handled by police officers. Once a problem is identified, officers are expected to work closely with the community members to develop a solution, which can include a wide range of alternatives to arrest. These may focus on the offender, the community, the environment, outside agencies, or the need for some kind of mediation. Problem-oriented policing grew out of twenty years of research into police practices, and differs from traditional policing strategies in many significant ways. For example, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for service. Problem-oriented policing offers a more effective strategy by addressing the

The long term goal of the criminal justice system is prevention, typically prevention attempts are based on past evidence and the results from different programs being implemented. Crime prevention refers to efforts to prevent crime or criminal offending in the first instance – before the act has been committed. It often takes place or is initiated outside of the formal justice system (Waller, 2006). Researchers have come up with 3 categories in which they target crime prevention; developmental program, situational program, and community

Problem oriented policing is geared toward solving problems. The first step in problem oriented policing is the identification and selection of a problem. One method of identifying, analyzing and selecting a problem is known as SARA. The acronym SARA stands for scanning, analysis, response, and assessment (Cronkhite, 2013). The Center for Problem Oriented Policing has several problem-specific guides for different problems that police and a community may face. The guides cover a variety of subjects ranging from burglary to gas drive offs. Each guide discusses the problem and factors involved and offers suggestions derived from police report and research of the problem (Center for Problem-Oriented Policing, n.d.).

Community crime prevention programs incorporate practices that target changes in a community’s culture, physical environment, or infrastructure to reduce crime such as gang involvement and violence (Citation Needed). This paper will examine the following three different strategies used in crime prevention programs: focused deterrence strategy, problem-solving policing, and situational crime prevention. Deterrence strategy or theory states that crimes can be prevented when the costs of committing the crime are perceived by the offender to outweigh the benefits of committing the crime (Braga et al., 2001). Programs that use the theory of situational crime prevention believe that crime can be reduced by identifying and then eliminating the forces that facilitate would-be offenders’ criminal acts (Clarke, 1992). Problem-oriented policing is an analytic method used by police to develop strategies that prevent and reduce crime. Under this method, a law enforcement agency will systematically analyze the problems of a community, search for effective solutions to the problems, and evaluate the impact of their efforts (Weisburd et al., 2004).

In general, the purpose of major crime-reporting programs is three-fold: (1) To assess and evaluate the apparent need for police intervention strategies; (2) To assess and evaluate the relative success of existing approaches and strategies; and (3) To allow municipal administrators and police agencies to allocate available resources as appropriately and cost-effectively as possible by coordinating resources and community needs (Schmalleger, 2009; Safir, 2003). In principle, a successful crime-reporting program is one that accurately and comprehensively represents the actual breakdown of criminal activity within a community so as to allow decision-makers to quantify those data in ways that facilitate optimal resource allocation and policing policies (Schmalleger, 2009; Safir, 2003). Additionally, accomplishing those objectives at minimal cost is another essential element of that approach, particularly in relatively small communities with comparatively limited municipal and police resources (Burnett, 2007).

They examined 102 evaluations of situationally focused crime prevention projects and evaluated 574 observations by using certain search strategy, inclusion and coding strategies, and quantitative analytical approach, including the gross effect (GE), net effect (NE), the total net effect (TNE), and the weighted displacement quotient (WDQ) (Bowers and Johnson, 2003; Clarke and Eck, 2005). They found that the possibility of diffusion of benefits (27%) was even a little bit greater than the possibility of displacement (26%). This provided the consistent support for the argument that crime did not simply relocate because of the situational intervention, however, its opposite, the diffusion of benefit was more likely to happen. Moreover, even though displacement could happen in some situation, crimes tended to be less than before, so the initiatives were surely

There are many errors that take place in crime strategy meetings. In some meetings, there is a thing called moribund. These means stagnant and unresponsive to change. In most meetings, they argue over confrontation and say it's not necessary.They think confrontation is good and effective to the program. In a meeting, there must be a crime pattern to talk about at the crime strategy meeting. They also need tactical and accountability planning balance. The meeting needs to use the geographic information system analysis which is the use of a computerized map of programs for the crime. It is usually used by police to give a location of the offenses over stipulated time. By 2001, 62 percent of departments with 100 or more officers had adopted some

Steps one through four are basic steps. The steps includes selecting an event or particular interest (shootings, burglaries, etc.), defining the study area, establishing a time period, and creating a base map. Step five consist of identifying risk factors that are related to the event you chose. Identifying risk factors may seem complicated, however, previous research has already determined several independent variables associated with a multitude of crime events. The researcher’s needs to be innovated to locate and access research that has already been done crime event in

Law enforcement agencies have relied upon criminologists, criminal analysts and the public, to further advance their initiative of controlling crime. A variety of law enforcement agencies has organized elite or special units within their agencies tailored specifically towards the reducing crime and enhancing the quality of life within their community. Certainly, the strategies law enforcement agencies utilize across the United States vary—significantly. During my research, I uncovered strategies which exhibited vast

Some of the most common strategies that are being used by law enforcement agencies to control crime include: Community Policing, Problem Oriented Policing, the Broken Window Approach, the Hot-spots Approach, and Compstat. Before examining these different approaches, it is

1. Analyze crime to inform law enforcers about general and specific crime trends, patterns, and series in an ongoing, timely manner.

Problem-orientated policing is based strongly upon situations that are perceived as leading to the criminal activity. Problem-orientated policing first came about back in 1979 by Herman Goldstein where he published an article and thus laid out a new style of policing he called problem-oriented policing, according to Goldstein this new style of policing was revolutionary and showed a change in the way police operate (Goldstein, 1979). In problem-orientated policing as it became more popular the police came up with a four stage for the problem-solving process know as SARA, Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Evaluation Model. Step 1 is identifying the

Criminality and victimization are affected by globalization; the rapid growth of urbanization; and economic recessions which reinforce concerns about safety and security. Governments have a key role in developing overall policies, and in promoting, coordinating and supporting crime prevention. On the other hand, personnel with different skills and roles in crime prevention, whether police officers, judges and prosecutors, probation officers, social workers, health service, researchers, civil society organizations and communities, all play an important role in crime prevention project development and implementation (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx).