Structure Properties Of The Polymers

Melting points are indicative of identifying an unknown product and the level of impurity the product contains. In this case, the possible identity of the product based on its melting points are determined by comparing the obtained melting points of the product to the melting points of the five possible products. Two mini capillaries, containing the product only, were used to determine the product’s melting point. For one mini capillary, the temperature range was 132.1-134.2℃, and the product’s melting point for the second minicapillary ranged from 135.1-137.5℃. In addition, melting points were obtained with the product mixed with meso-hydrobenzoin. The temperature range was 135.0-136.0℃ and 135.0-137.5℃. Although the recorded melting point values fall into the racemic range, but the results still indicate that the product is a meso-hydrobenzoin. The melting point values for the product mixed with the meso-hydrobenzoin standard explains that it is unlikely that the product is racemic. The melting point values were two degrees from each other due to the meso-hydrobenzoin standard making

group. The location of this hydroxyl functional group will impact the molecular structure of the

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the properties of chemical substances that can be used to identify the types of bonds in a chemical substance using a laboratory procedure. The two types of bonds being identified were ionic and covalent. Based on a substance’s properties, how can you determine whether its bonds are ionic or covalent? This is the question I posed before starting the experiment.

6. The solubility of the solids were tested using a micro tray, by placing them in water and oil to observe their polarity,

By identifying the solubility of the unknown, it could lead to a closer interpretation as to what the functional group the unknown may be. Solubility is determined based on intermolecular attractive forces, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, and London dispersion forces. Intermolecular attractive forces arise due to different electron environments in different molecules. For example, water molecules are good at dissolving

Aim: To classify unknown substances according to their structure type and to observe how the structure of materials affects their uses.

The melting point of a compound is used by organic chemists not only to identify the compound, but also to establish its purity. To determine the melting point two temperatures were noted. The first was the point at which the first drop of liquid formed among the crystals; the second was the point at which the whole mass of crystals turned to a clear liquid. And the melting point was recorded from this

Macromolecules BCM 261 10/13/2014 Caroline Venter 13019865 Introduction Background Many of the molecules that are crucial in living organisms and systems are very large and are usually made up of macromolecules. Macromolecules are organic molecules with a large molecular mass and consist of repeating units called monomers. These repeating monomers are formed via condensation or dehydration reactions (loss of water or other small molecules in order to join two molecules) and usually each have a small molecular mass which contributes to the overall large molecular mass of macromolecules (Jenkins, Kratochvíl, Stepto, & Suter, 2009).

TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Author: Monique Amanda Mendez Lab Instructor: Wenmo Sun Organic Chemistry Lab 243A: Section 038 Date Work Performed: 02 September 2015 Discussion: Lab 1a - TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Discuss the relative polarities of the components of the analgesic drugs based on their functional groups The relative polarity of the analgesic drugs depends on their functional groups. Polarity of the drugs depends on several differentiating factors which include how the compound can hydrogen bond to itself or another compound, the number of electronegative atoms that are present within the structure of the compound, the net dipole moment of the molecule and the polarizability of the bonds or atoms that are present within the compound, which can highly define how polarizable the compound is or will be. The more polar the functional group, the stronger the bond is to the stationary phase, making it slower for the molecules to move down the TLC plate, thus the stronger it will be absorbed on the surface of the solid phase.

An unknown material can be determined by using simple chemical tests and separations which is called as inorganic qualitative analysis. The separation of cations depends on the difference in their propensity to form precipitates. Separation scheme is used to classify cation into five groups on the basis of their physical and chemical behavior opposed to some reagents. Classification is based on whether there is formation of precipitates or not when metal cations react with the reagent. The five groups of cations and the characteristics of these groups are as follows:

Different molecule of various

The oxygen atom in the isopropanol molecule is bonded to hydrogen while the oxygen atom in the acetic acid molecule does not bond to hydrogen. Polarity has an affect on the physical property of a chemical by giving the compound characteristics of a cohesion or an adhesion. A cohesion is the sticking together of particles of the same substance. An adhesion is when dissimilar particles stick together. Acetic acid is a cohesion because it is able to stick to other objects and itself due to it’s polarity.

This latter indicator of size is called the degree of polymerization, DP. The relative molar mass of the polymer is thus the product of the relative molar mass of the repeat units and the DP. There is no clear cut boundary between polymer chemistry and the rest of chemistry. As a very rough guide, molecules of relative molar mass of at least 1000 or a DP of at least 100 are considered to fall into the domain of polymer chemistry. The vast majority of polymers in commercial use are organic in nature, that is they are based on covalent compounds of carbon. This is also true of the silicones which, though based on silicone-oxygen backbone, also generally contain significant proportions of hydrocarbon groups. The other elements involved in polymer chemistry most commonly include hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, phosphorous, and sulfur, i.e. those elements which are able to form covalent bonds, albeit of some polarity, with

There are three important qualities of content that researchers use as an assumption for most every research. The first is the kind of atoms that the content is created up of. You have your fairly neutral components and your substance components. Atom comes from the Ancient term atoms significance inseparable. (Trefil, 2010) Atoms create up everything we can see, therefore content, and atoms have very different qualities within themselves, as well as having different methods of being organized or of connection together, all of which impact the actual and substance qualities of whatever is created up of those atoms. Most components either perform electric current or don't succeed to perform electric current. However, there is a third kind of content that is not a really excellent electric conductor, and simultaneously, is not really an excellent insulator either. These components are known as semiconductors, such as rubber and germanium (Trefil, p. 243). The fairly neutral components have the same quantity of protons and electrons, which generally terminate each other out making them fairly neutral. The substance factor offers with mixing more than one factor. The second is the way those atoms are organized. An excellent example of this is by evaluating atoms of fluid and atoms of shades. For example the atoms of fluids shift around freer than atoms of shades which are loaded together. The third is the way the atoms are insured together. There are for key qualities to

I was instructed to record a melting point range for each compound, rather than a single temperature melting point. The reason for this instruction is that polymers and unpure substance melt over a range of several degrees. Based on the melting point ranges for both substances, it is difficult to differentiate the two based on its melting point data alone. The ranges of the substances are close enough to one another that one could argue for experimental error when presenting the data as a solo identifying property.