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Symbols In The Sandman

Decent Essays

Are themes and symbols mentioned in a short story allow readers to comprehend the main character’s personality and well being? The use of symbols and themes in E.T.A Hoffman’s short story “The Sandman”, reveals that his childhood fear for a fictional character causes Nathaniel’s weak state of mind. Firstly, eyes represent Nathaniel’s naiveness by letting a childhood story about the Sandman influence his mind and decisions. Nathanael learns at a young age that the Sandman only arrives when children are not asleep. For example, when Coppelius catches Nathaniel spying, he whispered, “Now we’ve got eyes- eyes a beautiful pair of children’s eyes...” (188). Coppelius always frightened Nathaniel, which caused his hallucinations and obsession about …show more content…

He was convinced that Coppola an optician is Coppelius who killed his father’s. During a certain period, Nathanael’s madness disappeared, but would be triggered at any moment when thinking about the Sandman. Suddenly, Coppola who he associated with the fictional character in his hallucinated was present in his room. For example, Nathanael describes, “... he continued to produce more and more spectacles from his pockets until the table began to gleam and flash all over”(202). This quote reveals the uncertainty of Nathaniel’s point of view. In general, the glasses immensely affect his vision and judgement of others. When in use, his world revolved around Spalazani’s daughter, called Olimpia. Hoffman writes, “Nathanael had completely forgotten that there was a Clara in the world, whom he had once loved - and his mother and Lothair” (208). Her looks, shyness, stiffness and lack of emotions attracted the unstable Nathanael. At the end of the novel, readers discover that Olimpia is a mechanical doll created by Spalanzani. When Nathanael finds this out, he kills himself with the help of Coppola. The Sandman’s presence worsens Nathanael’s mental abilities, which leads him to

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