Task 1 And 3 Combined

These included the installation of a floating pipeline to deliver concrete to those structures located in the river itself and floating the arch to the bridge site from its riverside fabrication site.

The first completed steel bridge was the Eads Bridge, in St. Louis Missouri. Steel was a very new material and was just starting to become commercially available. Steel was a smart choice to use because it is extremely hard and resists rusting. The Eads Bridge was the longest arch bridge in the world, of 510 feet long. St. Louis became a very important city in the midwest and had to really compete with Chicago during the Civil War. After the Civil War, St. Louis started growing in all directions. “.... the city of St. Louis wanted to reestablish its prewar dominance as the economic powerhouse of the midwest” (Ostrow 75). The main reason to build the Eads Bridge was to connect settlers from the East to the lands of the West. At the time there

For our physics practical, we visited The Millennium Bridge a pedestrian footbridge located at the heart of London that crosses the River Thames. It links the City and St Paul’s Cathedral to the north with the Globe Theatre and Tate Modern on Bankside. Construction of this infrastructure began in the late 1998 by the engineering company Arup and it was launched on the 10 June 2000.

•September/2016 - After the layout of the gravel and topsoil has been accomplished the next process is to begin the building of any bridges over waterways and boardwalks to include low, wet spots that were unable to be dugout. Due to the use of equestrian or ATv usage the bridges will need to be structurally strong using items such as steel or high strength treated lumber.

Brunel’s solutions were groundbreaking and critics often questioned his designs. The Clifton Suspension Bridge had the longest span of any bridge in the world when it was completed; the Maidenhead Bridge was both the largest spanning brick arch bridge and the first to use a flattened arch form; and the Royal Albert Bridge was built using lenticular iron trusses.

The final primary component of a suspension bridge is the deck, or the roadway upon which cars drive and pedestrians walk. The deck is built from massive pieces of steel-reinforced concrete hoisted into the air and laid into place upon the bridge. Deck pieces are connected with bolts and rivets, then suspension cables connect each section of deck to the main

The new contractors were very experienced at working with concrete, but lacked the knowledge and experience with working with steel. Because of this, John Holland only took on the work on the basis of a labour management contract, which puts them in charge of the labour, but all the engineering decisions were still up to World Service & Constructions. This lead to confusion and lack of communication between the parties working on the construction of the bridge.

A considerable obstacle to the Legions was the number of small rivers and streams. Gradually, the legions became better at engineering, until every soldier was able to complete his part of a simple pontoon bridge, as shown here: Also taken from Trajan's column. These pontoon bridges were constructed from boats, over which planking was laid. When horses were required to cross, a small layer of earth was sometimes put on the bridge, to reassure them. Stone Roman bridges remain famous for their durability to this day, and their three or four arches was a roman concept, so that weight on the top of the bridge merely forced the keystones of the

Prior of this time, most bridge design were based on trusses, arches, and cantilevers to support heavy freight trains. Automobiles were obviously much lighter. Suspension bridge design had been envolving into producing bridges of maximum grace, lightness and flexibility which actually was more suited for carrying lighter cars and not heavier train. Unfortunately, engineers did not fully understand the response of the suspension bridge design to these poorly understand forces. The second reson was due to the excitation of torsional mode. The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was built with shallow plate girders instead of the deep stiffening trusses of railway bridges, in which trusses allowed wind to pass through but plate girders, on the other hand, present an obstacle to the wind. As a result of its design, it was proved that the bridge was too light and unstable. And causing alloping Gertieaction which were driven by the wind were being experienced by the bridge.

It is shaped in a way to transfer weight to the towers and anchors with its tension (O'Connor, 1971, p. 372). Cables are made of high strength wires spirally bound to form a rope (O'Connor, 1971, p. 372). Vertical cable suspenders that are fastened to the main cables hang the actual roadway. Stiffening girders and trusses are along the side of the bridge to distribute concentrated loads and help to keep the motion of the bridge at a minimum (Troitsky, 1994, p115).

Leon Moisseiff was commissioned in 1937 to build a bridge that would rival the length of the Brooklyn Bridge yet remain elegant and appealing to residents. He created a perfect design and the project moved in search of contractors. From 1938 to 1940, continuous work constructed a suspension bridge a mile-long. At the time, the Tacoma Narrows was the third largest bridge in the world. The design was simple yet slender, with two 420 foot tall towers and a pair of suspension cables supporting the road. The towers were reinforced carbon steel to support the lengthy bridge. The concrete deck was 39-feet wide and 8-feet deep. The girders were made of carbon steel anchored in giant blocks of concrete. The design was narrower, lighter and more flexible than any other bridge in the world. The Seattle Toll Authority expected to Leon’s design to handle 60,000 vehicles a day and increase travel to Olympic Peninsula.

Mercker does this with two of his paintings. Bridge Construction is a painting that was completed in Germany in 1936 (Türk, 2003, p. 312). This painting shows concrete arches, the beginning of a bridge being made (Jung, 2014, p.312). Mercker, does a rough overview of the construction of some bridges from a distance. The artist uses some tertiary colors for the color of the bridges.

The Millau Viaduct is located on Millau and Creissels, France. The bridge stretches across the Tarn River. It is the world's tallest cable-stayed bridge with a height of 343m (which is 40m more than the height of Eiffel Tower). It spans 2.6 km and has a net weight of about 266,000 tons. During summer, the roads stretching along Tarn valley, from Paris to Spain used to become jammed with holiday traffic, which created caused the necessity for construction of a bridge. The objective was to reduce the time required to travel to southern. The Millau Viaduct is the final link in the 338km A75 highway. The road opens up a faster alternative route from north Europe to south France. The bridge was awarded the 2006 International

Because of advancements in today’s technology in construction field, many types of bridges are being constructed depending on the requirement and their suitability for the situations.

iii. The designing engineers should take all kinds of mistreat which can be collapsed the bridge. Therefore, they should imagine all those kinds of mistreat in the design processes.