Understanding Hamas: Violent Terrorism as Political Strategy Introduction Kydd and Walter (2006:50) assert that violent terrorism is effective as a political strategy "because it causes governments and individuals to respond in ways that aid the terrorists' cause." For Hamas, violence against civilians for political aims does play a role in its political strategy. However, violence in and of itself is not the ultimate aim of the organization. Formed in 1987 during the Palestinian uprising (the
Nechaev’s idea of political provocation was to anticipate the Russian government’s response and use the response in order to radicalize people. For example he sent letters to people, knowing that they would be intercepted and those to whom the letters were addressed to would be thrown in jail. In jail people would either break, which were exactly the kind of people Nechaev did not want, or they would harder and become radicalized. By committing an act and anticipating the overreaction of the government
such as the UN can impose extensive economic sanctions and deploy their military forces in order to end a war by vastly increasing its costs. Regulated by an international police force, states are more inclined to accept peace, bargain with their enemies, and stay loyal to their word. This is not the case with domestic disputes. Opposite to international conflict, when a settlement is reached between two groups in a civil war, the maintenance of their two distinct armies is impossible. A disarmament
if led people like Osama bin Laden to "…conclude that when America gets its nose bloodied, it pulls back" (Hampson, p. 1). Previous to this attack the Cold War era was a time when the greatest enemy of the U.S. was Soviet communism; but following the attack, there were new and extremely dangerous enemies such as al Qaeda, Hezbollah, the Taliban and Iran, Hampson continues. This paper reviews the reasons for the U.S. presence in Beirut, the tensions in Lebanon, the Cold War influence, the aftermath
community. It is through this that human rights were able to be changed and recognised as a standard for global order, regulated through international law. The act of terrorism is not a new concept, and has been responsible for many innocent lives over many years, however not until the attacks on the United States, known as 9/11, has terrorism become such a globalized issue. It was through the symbolic destruction of capitalism, coupled with the vast media outlets to create witnesses that allowed for Western
that State Sponsor Terrorism (SST), the United States has several different ways it combats and handles these rogue nations, mostly through the use of sanctions. One country that has become a repeat offender of sponsoring terrorism is Iran. Since the 1979 Islamic revolution, Iran’s clerical leadership has worked with a range of terrorist groups to advance its own overall interests in the Middle East and abroad (Byman, #2, 2015, Pg.1). Over thirty years later, this use of terrorism has continued and
intent, is a series of initiatives that seek to reduce or eliminate terrorism in the world. In this perspective, terrorism is the deliberate exploitation and creation of fear through threat and violence (Kugiel 16-17). This essay seeks to present an argument that the war on terror was not worth it. In order to justify whether the war on terror is worth it or not, it is vital to understand if the war on terror compels or deters terrorism. Deterrence refers to the threat of force perpetrated to prevent
Is there a fundamental difference between religious terrorism and secular terrorism? Introduction Terrorism has existed as long ago as classical times although its modern counterpart has appeared during the French Revolution with Montesquieu's Reign of Terror. More recently, terrorism has assumed a new guise with much of its deeds perpetrated in the name of religion. Although religious terrorism is popularly associated with Islamism, it is not necessarily so. Almost all religions have started
successful covert operations at the time of its completion. Its mission was to overthrow the democratically elected leader of Iran, Mohammad Mossadegh, and replace him with a pro-western shah. This operation utilized many tactics, including: propaganda, provocations, demonstrations, bribery, “false flag” operatives, dissident military leaders, and paid protestors (Robarge). Naturally, these tactics were all funded by the CIA. With no mandated accountability to the American public and the ability to classify
Palestinians and the Israelis, but two of the most important to examine in great depth is the Creation of Israel in 1948, and the "Six Day War" in 1967. Both events have contributed to the four main barriers to peace, which I will explain towards the end of my coursework, and have changed the leadership, land ownership and status of the Israelis in particular to today's crisis. By the year of 1948, the Second World War had been over for just under three years, but the effects