With the industrialization of agriculture, companies have been testing various methods to increase efficiency and quantity of products (Curry, 2013). A particular method is to decrease the amount of time needed for the desired food product to grow to a harvestable quality. This can be done by using chemicals and hormones to trick plants into growing faster than normal.
Gibberellins are a group naturally occurring hormones that are involved in plant growth (Dar et al., 2015). Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a gibberellin that can be found in most crop plants as it regulates ripening of fruit and shoot growth (Bhattacharyya and Jha, 2012; Narula, et al., 2006). However, agricultural companies provide more than natural occurring amount of gibberellic acid to their plantations. When gibberellic acid is sprayed in the fields, it can contaminate bodies of water through run-off or off target spraying.
It is required by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (7 USCS 136, et seq.) and the Toxic Substance Control Act (15 USCS 2601) to use a model organism to test the effects of a crop additive. Daphnids are typical model species used for aquatic toxicity studies (Jaafarzadeh et al., 2013). Daphnids are a vital part of the aquatic food chain as they are primary consumers (Lovern and Klaper, 2006); therefore, any disruption to their livelihood could have a dramatic effect on the ecosystem. Gibberellic acid has been tested by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), but
This analysis of case studies from Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the case study to predict the effects of pesticides on aquatic systems and the waterfowl that uses them. Comparing the two processes of these case studies, along with analysis of the assessments. Describing the case study on the effects of pesticides in aquatic ecosystem, the risk assessment correlated to observed field studies and evaluate the importance of this type of correlation in general for all risk assessment efforts. Breaking down the ecological and social
The addition of frozen and then thawed out homogenized G.semen biomass from all lakes (“H” treatments) considerably influenced daphnids body length measured after 72 h exposure (Fig. 3). At increasing homogenate concentrations (chl-a: 84 – 1530 mg m-3) body length of Daphnia was always significantly higher as compared with filtered water controls (P<0.01, Fig. 4a).
The purpose of this experiment was to determine if sediment and water found in the Souhegan River along the Fletcher’s Paint dump site contains toxic compounds that are harmful towards aquatic organisms. The purpose also was to determine the LC50 of ammonium sulfate using Daphnia magna by performing static aquatic toxicity testing.
Genetic Engineering has a multiplicity of uses in agriculture. It can be utilized to increase crop output, resistance to pest and diseases, and enhanced growing conditions. Sagoff states “Genetic engineers can help peasant societies by engineering plants and animals to stand up to the challenges of local conditions, such as blights that affect yams and other traditional crops” (14). The article “Biotechnology and Agriculture: The Common Wisdom and Its Critics.” by Sagoff. Discusses how genetic manipulation of crops would be of major benefit in developing countries, primarily because said countries can 't grow enough food to suffice the populous. Genetic manipulation of plants can make food easier to grow in these countries.
While experimenting with the green beans, the seeds exposed to the organic plant food germinated within five days of the experiment and the seeds exposed to the chemical plant food germinated within six. The seeds that acted as the control had been expected to grow the least, however, it was surprising that they did not grow at all. Both the chemical and organic fertilizers proved to have positive results on the plants. It was also unexpected when the seeds exposed to the chemical plant food surpassed the height of the other experimental seeds after being shorter. The predicted reason for the increase in growth with seeds given Miracle Grow was because chemical fertilizers automatically store up the nutrients and disperse it constantly throughout
Tomorrow’s Table suggests that organic farming as well as genetic engineering of plants can help solve some of today’s food problems. At the end of the article, it was said that growing conditions heavily affect the ways chilies turn out. The hotness of the chilies can change drastically depending on growing conditions. Therefore, we can apply organic farming and genetic engineering on the Naga King Peppers to make them mild. This way, the Naga King Chilies will appeal to more consumers than just chiliheads. Similarly, the same methods can be used on other extremely hot chilies to make them more tolerable to the average human being. By doing so, it opens up
Farming for our food causes many issues. Growing our food is causing a major decrease in finite resources, like fertile soil and water (Clemmitt 555). Fertile soil and water are being wasted on crops that are not successfully growing. The decrease in finite resources is caused by old, non-efficient techniques, like the throw-and-grow (Clemmitt
Available resources during this course includes two textbooks; “Introduction to ecotoxicology,” and “A textbook of modern toxicology.” Additional resources include various videos, complimentary transcripts to the videos, supplemental readings, the UOP online Library, and web searches.
As mankind progresses through the ages there is one thing that has remained a constant factor throughout time, expansion. We have never ceased expanding and in the foreseeable future, will not cease. With this expansion comes a multitude of benefits and challenges. With a greater population comes the ability to accel research, and improve upon new ideas. However, with more people also comes a greater demand for food and resources. Up until the last 20 years this demand has been primarily met by traditional farming techniques such as selective breeding, which takes the best of the best surviving crops and re-breeds these select plants together to create a new and improved plant. This process however takes an
This brand new technology is taking the agricultural industry by storm. It’s revolutionary process of introducing more natural plant hormones, such as Auxin which as you know is a plant produced hormone responsible for suppressing side buds and stimulating root growth, to prevent shoot branches.
The hypothesis of the experiment stated that fertilizer would have the highest average growth followed by the control and then other trial groups. This data is partially in compliance with the experiment’s hypothesis in that the fertilizer group ended with a higher average length than the control group and the motor oil group ended with a lower average length than the control group. However, the hypothesis is rejected because the detergent group ended up having the highest average length and the pesticide average mass (0.48g) was higher than that of the control group (0.45g). All the trial groups in this lab showed a positive trend for the average lengths of the bean sprouts over the period of the experiment (see Table 4 and Figure
One concern about pesticides and herbicide usage is the amount of residues left on the end product of crops sprayed with the chemicals, and their effects on human health. (Williamson, 2007, p. 184). However, these effects are closely tested and levels are strictly regulated to ensure there is no danger from possible pesticide residues. Since 1910, many rules, regulations, and agencies have been formed to monitor the safety of the pesticides and herbicides used in conventional farming. These chemicals must meet specific safety standards in order to be registered for use, and regulations on levels of each product safe for use are also put in place. (Tafel et al.,2007, p.184). All pesticides are rigorously examined to ensure they have no significant effects on human health, or the environment. The residues in the food chain are closely monitored, and regularly tested, to ensure they are below legal limits. In a recent survey of residues
The following report is going to compare two different types of human manipulation; selective breeding and transgenesis and the biological implications of each. I will be focusing on drought resistant crops and in particular drought resistant corn as scientists have provided evidence that drought will be increasing in the future due to global warming and over 30% of current land used for agriculture in the world will be no longer usable. At some point a future drought will affect New Zealand. Therefore New Zealand farmers will need to begin growing drought resistant crops by use of either selective breeding or transgenesis so that we are prepared for the future.
Hypothesis- If the lima bean is watered with sugar water, the plant will grow faster.
In both methodology there are significant contrasts while both systems comprising similarities up to some degree. In the populace based planning principle concern is focus on population health issues, but institutional based planning is generally concern about an existing service or service delivery association. At this point it is clear that populace based arrangement conduct in national level while institutional-planning is conduct in organizational level. Population based planning begins with a need evaluation and based on investigating health issues or issues for their distribution, determinants, causes and hazard variables, then surveying the needs for intervention. (Eagar et al, 2001). This stage is very surprising in institutional-based arranging and it start with a circumstance analysis, create administration objectives and goals, uses yield information as a noteworthy basis of data, looks at evidence and financial aspects appraisal for the best intervention, and afterwards create administration strategies. (Eagar et al, 2001). So right now it is evident that institutional based arrangement is more top-down methodology instead of execute activities in expansive way as in population based planning. Meanwhile institutional-based planning has an organization/service/administration accentuation, while populace construct arrangement accentuation with respect to health gains. There is a critical contrast in parameters also in each