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The Beneficial Effects Of Youthful Self Identity

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Since a collection of studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of youthful self-identity, it is important to understand predictors of self-identity. Many empirical studies conducted in Western countries have documented that self-identity is associated with sociodemographics (Bara, & Stern, 1986; Barrett, 2003), physical health (Barak & stern, 1986; Macia et al., 2012; Stephan, Demulier, & Terracciano, 2012), psychosocial factors (Bergland, Nicolaisen, & Thorsen, 2013) and social status (Marques, Swift, Vauclair, Lima, Bratt, & Abrams, 2015). Three studies on Chinese older adults also find correlations between self-identity and sociodemographics such as age, gender, education (Du & Wu, 2008; Ying & Yao, 2010), self-rated health (Du & Wu, 2008; Xie & Huang, 2014), mental health, and physical functioning (Liang, 2014) among older people in general and those of advanced old age in particular. Other studies indicate that productive engagement, especially volunteering, is positively correlated with older people’s social image, which can help to reduce ageism. For instance, Henkin and Zapf (2006) found that civic engagement among the older population can reduce age stereotypes and increase social integration. Moreover, older people’s contribution to communities can turn the pitcure of older adults as social burdens into social assets (Vitman et al, 2013). Bowen and her colleagues (2013) compared 28 European countries and found that old people were viewed as more

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