Botanical gardens or botanic gardens are generally well-tended parks displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names. According to Smith (2011: para. 1line 2), they may contain specialist plant collections such as cacti and succulent plants, herb gardens plants from particular parts of the world. There may be green houses with special collections too such as tropical plants, alpine plants or other exotic plants.
The Durban Botanic Gardens is the oldest public institution and its Africa oldest surviving botanical gardens. “The garden was established to participate in the quest Kew Gardens to establish a series of botanic gardens across the introduction of economically valuable plants and to supply plant to Kew that were knew to science.
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6 line number 1) states that Dr Charles Johnson was I charge of the garden for less than a year. “Then Mark McKen took his place and began to establish garden of plants of economic value. For more than 45 years, botanic gardens have been at the forefront of the human understanding and knowledge of plants the environment in which they lived”. (Friedman et al. 2016:1)
Botanic gardens are uniquely placed to help address issues that are relevant to restore ecosystems. According to Hill (2005: para. 1 line 1) theyprovide knowledge and expertise in plant taxonomy, horticulture, conservation biology, restoration ecology and ethnology. Botanic gardens are also collectively and they serve as a global repository for documented plant materials. Botanic gardens bring understanding to ensure that the restoration leads to adequate taxonomic diversity and incorporates appropriate genetic provenance.
Botanic gardens are well placed to raise awareness amongst the public of the need and benefits that can be “derived from, successful ecological restoration projects. The gardens will also address the need for greater political commitment, awareness and participation in restoration work”. (Hill et al. 2005:
Dalley began the talk by describing the Hanging Gardens’ distinctive structure.The gardens are believed to have been a remarkable feat of engineering, which included an ascending series of tiered gardens containing a variety of trees, shrubs, and vines. The gardens were said to have looked like a large
The Durban Botanic Gardens is one of the oldest surviving botanic garden in Africa and is Durban’s oldest public institutions. “The garden was established in 1849 back when the city was not well developed. The original location of the DGB was the south bank of the Umgeni River and was later moved to the lower slopes of Berea forest because of the river’s hippo and crocodile populations” (eThekwini Municipality 2014:4). For over 150 years the gardens have dedicated itself to education of biodiversity, heritage,
Gardening is the activity of planting, cultivating and tending (Oxford dictionary 2015). The origins of gardening, and its fulfilment of a human need, date back to 1500bc where archaeologists discovered ancient paintings of opulent gardens by the Egyptians (Cellauro 2015). Recognition of the benefits of gardening as a therapeutic tool in occupational therapy date back to Hartwell (1933). It provides opportunities for social inclusion which is a central component in well-being (Grabbe et al 2013).
Ecosystems can be restored by retaining and restoring the ecological sustainability of watersheds, forests, and rangelands for present and future generations.
As gardens turned into plantations,
In this essay, I will be taking on the role of the head administrator, of the Northumberland Community Garden. I will be writing a proposal letter to the American Community Gardens Association, to try and receive funding for the Northumberland Community Gardens. In this letter, I will give a basic outline of the program development stages, evaluation process, and financial aspects of my organization. I will also include other information that would be considered relevant to understanding my purpose for creating this program.
Restoration ecologists study the ecological communities before humans had any interaction with it. The importance of this study is that if the ecosystem can’t function we are able to do something about it.
The garden his helpful because it provides information to the community, as a botanical garden, and as a university
“America’s Father of Modern Horticulture,” also known as Liberty Hyde Bailey, a jack of all trades and a significantly influential botanist within the horticulture community, lives on in spirit even today (Gasser 2014). His nickname says it all, from his dedication in studying cultivated plants, to his many published volumes and papers about his findings, his research continues to make an impact on horticulture. Bailey began building his background with cultivated plants as a young child on a fruit orchard in South Haven, Michigan (Liberty Hyde Bailey Museum 2017). These early years shaped his views and desires for later dates to come, specifically regarding his college education and research that followed. Although, the vast majority of people did not find the topics within horticulture interesting or something of importance to investigate, Bailey took the world by surprise and found himself with a completely incongruous mindset.
I agree with Anderson’s idea of making use of restoration techniques used by California natives because it focuses on conservation through action rather than a “hands off” approach. The California native techniques may be useful because it can help caretakers actively participate in restoration of flora and fauna while learning about their habitat and what makes them flourish. The natives were also concerned with “a sense of respect which consequently promoted habitat heterogeneity, increased biodiversity, and a well maintained vegetation system” (Anderson 2005). If caretakers can take native management techniques and combine it with their background of sciences concerning the natural world they can come up with a whole new technique of restoration
For almost as long as humans have been on Earth, we have changed landscapes drastically to suit our needs, historically often without regard to the damage caused in the process. This has changed over time, with the passing of legislation like the Endangered Species Act and the Clean Water Act, the creation of national and state parks, and efforts being made to restore degraded ecosystems. While we may never see perfect natural systems again, especially in areas heavily populated by humans, reconciliation is possible. Reconciliation ecology takes the concepts of restoration ecology, in which managers seek to restore an ecosystem to how it used to be at a particular time, and combines them with inevitable human presence. It uses these factors
Bob Curran advocates for the conservation of new plant species using Jamie’s passion as an appeal to emotion, climate change as an appeal to logic, and other professional sources to provide credibility. Bob Curran convinces the
Bartram’s Garden, located at 54th Street and Lindbergh Boulevard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, stands upon the home of the late John Bartram, America’s first botanist. Adding to Bartram’s efforts are co-founding the American Philosophical Society, and retains presence in the United States’ scientific community. Bartram’s Garden is a 45-acre botanical site located in Southwest, Philadelphia. Features include historically-preserved buildings, wildflower meadow, freshwater wetland, and a river trail, in addition to the garden itself. Bartram’s field goal was to document every native plant life in America. While Bartram passed away in 1777, the property was cared for by his heirs, and later, purchased by the City of Philadelphia in 1891; the John
The Durban Botanic Gardens is situated in the city of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The very first garden was established in December 1849 by Dr Charles Johnston, on
The number of people living in urban areas is dramatically increasing across the world. Currently, 75 % of people live in cities in the developed world, (Bernhardt E.S. and Palmer M.A, 2007) despite such high percentage many do not get access to the green and blue spaces available, in other words cannot interact with nature. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency green spaces are ‘land that is partly or completely covered with grass, trees, shrubs or other vegetation’ (Environmental Protection Agency, 2014) This includes community gardens, parks as well as cemeteries. (Environmental Protection Agency, 2014) On the other hand, blue spaces include rivers, canals and lakes. (Sally, M, 2010) As urbanisation increases, it will pose a greater threat to nature such as pollution, habitat destruction, erosion and colonisation of native species. There are various ways to engage with nature. However, one reason for green and blue spaces not being utilised effectively by people may be due to people being unaware of the values that these have and the crucial functions they undertake in the ecosystem such as recycling nutrients and controlling the hydrological cycle.