The Bias of the Term Development

There are many theorists that influence the way practitioners teach children in nursery settings as they all have different theories about how children learn best and develop. On of the theorists is Sigmund Freud. Freud suggested that personalities are made up of three parts. These three parts are the id, the ego, and the superego. All of these will develop when the child grows and will be controlled by what happens in the child’s life and the experiences that they have. Sigmund Freud focused on the id which is the instinctive part of our personality and the superego which is the conscience, this develops later in the childhood of the child.

Eglitis implies that, “The existence of global poverty fosters access to resources in poor states that are needed in, or desired by the West.” (Eglitis 225) The economic state of these poorer nations puts them in a position where they are not even capable of putting forth the capital that would be required to utilize or benefit from their own natural resources. Poverty in the global village makes the monetary influence gained by the wealthier nations of the West have a greater impact. This economic influence ensures that any resistance to exploitation by the West would be marginalized. The underdeveloped countries are simply not in a position economically to resist. This paints for us a grim picture of how western influence fuels the continuing global class system by applying economic leverage that caters to the desires that feed western

developing countries are defined as poor agricultural country that are seeking to become more advance economically and socially (Webster dictionary ). These countries are usually labelled based on their Gross domestic product( GDP). The GDP measures the value of the economic activity within that country. This can be a good insight to how the citizens of the nations are living by measuring the quality of life, unemployment and how much revenue is coming in from the outer nations. For these nations to fully develop economically and socially, they have to develop politically. This attempt to grow is often shut down due to the lack of a stable economy, exploitation by developed countries and corruption from within their governments. It is evident that in order for developing nations to succeed, the government system has to restructure

The sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years can be

In Encountering Development by Arturo Escobar, Escobar critiques the Development Project, a multi pronged initiative of socioeconomic management of the Third World, specifically Latin America, Asia, and Africa, via the First World powers, in question specifically the United States. The critique entails how industrialization and modernization of the Third World could be seen as the mode through which modernization could be achieved and this was enabled by bureaucratic entities, like the World Bank, whom subjected Third World economies to a heavy handed management via the modernization process which denied autonomy for Third World self sufficiency. The Development process thus denied any legitimate conceptualization of how to properly develop economic prosperity. The rapid “consolidation of power” into the hands of the capitalist First World Elite created a paradigm through which the support of cyclical poverty ensured a need for industrialization in order to fix defunct socioeconomic issues. By creating bureaucratic agencies, like the World Bank, which provided specific subscriptor projects, like DRI, allowed for the First World entities to to create and sustain an ongoing unequal distribution of power between the Global North and the Global South.

First, I will explain the role of empowered institutions and countries in limiting the economic activities of developing countries, impeding on their ability to survive. Afterwards I will explain the obligation people in privileged positions have to improve the lives of those in compromised positions, at a certain degree of self-sacrifices. Finally, I will critically analyze and disprove the counter argument, which attempts to relieve us of the aforementioned duties, by discrediting the roles of institutions and developed countries in the prolongation of impoverishment.

B) our ability to modify our behavior based on the prospect of rewards or punishment.

development have been political, social and cultural. President Museveni of Uganda likened the advent of

Underdevelopment can also be, and has been, understood as a reflection or product of the economic, social, political and cultural characteristics of said country. Yet with a look at history we see that the underdevelopment of a “satellite” nation can be traced directly back to the past and current economic relations the nation has held with developed “metropoles”. This relationship between a metropolitan and satellite countries pertains back to the process and development of the world capitalist system, which benefits its Western

The differences between standards of living in developed and developing nations have been made more evident by the rapid pace of technological innovation. Many world leaders consider the poor circumstances of developing nations to be tragedies that should be solved. Some altruistic organizations such as the World Bank have attempted to improve the conditions in developing nations through deliberate development, in which they would enable an all-encompassing plan aimed at efficiently reducing material suffering. However, in The Tyranny of Experts, Easterly argues that development approaches are flawed because they often emphasize material goods at the detriment of individual rights. Instead, he argues for giving developing nations the freedom to improve themselves by supporting democracy and personal rights. In explaining this idea, he comments on four aspects of the two differing methodologies: blank slate versus learning from history, nations versus individuals, conscious direction versus spontaneous solutions, and authoritarian rule versus free development.

Has it ever occurred to you that it’s slightly abnormal that all countries that exist today are growing, developing, and expanding at different rates and standards? Some until recently, were still living as if we were in the stone age? An excellent example for this is the Papua New Guineans. Throughout time at least each nation has advanced compared to what it was like thousands of years ago. The origin of maintaining an undeveloped lifestyle long left behind by the rest of their world all come down to their isolation from other cultures, specificities of their environment, and their lack of large settlements which comes down to geographic luck, and how you use it as an advantage.

During the week’s assigned reading for this course, I came across a project that was sponsored by the World Bank that involved developing land in the Brazilian Amazon (“International,” n.d., p. 16). This project, referred to as the Northwest Region Integrated Development Program, was brought into operation in 1980. The intention of this program was a noble one: to improve health services and infrastructure, and to assist migrant farming families in finding affordable land ("Projects & Operations," n.d., para. 1). On paper, this project appears to have no downsides and only benefits to the people of an undeveloped area of the world; a project that falls in line with the World Bank’s commitment to the reduction of poverty. In practice, however, this project wreaked havoc onto the people and natural resources of one of the most endangered areas of the world.

Development is defined as “the process of change operating over time- the process by which countries and societies advance and become richer’’. The modern 20th century defines development as” the process of change which allows all the basic needs of a region to be met, thereby achieving greater social justice and quality of life and encouraging people to fulfill their potential’’. Todaro defines development as “the process of improving the quality of all human lives through raising people’s living standards, their incomes, consumption levels of food, medical services, education, raising people’s self-esteem through the establishment of social, political and economic systems and institutions that promote dignity and respect and increasing people’s

Lack of development in countries in the so-called `Third World' has many political and economical reasons. Historians explain the inadequacy of developing countries with the early imperialism and the resulting colonization of the South. Exploitation of mineral resources, deforestation, slavery, and the adaptation of foreign policies shaped the picture of today's suffering and struggling civilizations and natural rich continents. The omission of concessions and equal negotiations between dependency and supremacy give rise to the contrast of enormous resources and immense poverty in developing countries is. In the last years the outcry of justice and the emancipation of the Third World became louder throughout developing and industrialized

Said’s comment help us understand the background of development. The origin of development can be truck back to the time of colonization. The 15th century was a century of ‘encounter’ to the non-European people for the Western people whose intention to acknowledge and modernize the non-Europeans was based on an idea to spread Christianity. (Rojas and Kindornay, 2014, p.12) It was a mission for the ‘us’ Christians to teach ‘them’ who are yet to understand the greatness of Jesus Christ. As its universalist aspirations came to mismatch the global design of the West in the 18th century, the concept of civilizing