The Case of Ben- Ischemic Stroke
Background
Ben suffered an acute ischemic stroke which mainly affected the temporal and parietal areas of the left cerebral hemisphere. The stroke did not affect his consciousness levels but seem to have altered his memory, both short-term and intermediate as well as his motor and speech areas. Positron Emission tomography (PET) scans shows that his speech motor area, the Broca’s area is affected by the stroke.
When coded according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), Ben’s condition will be coded as 300.11 (F44.7) (American Psychological Association, 2013). This is because it is a somatic disorder presenting with functional neurological impairment of a mixed pattern. The disorder presents as an acute episode without a psychological stressor.
Risk factors for Stroke
The risk factors for the development of a stroke include any myriad of factors that affect the Virchow’s Triad (Epithelial dysfunction, stasis and hypercoagulability) (Alan S. Go, et al., 2015). These factors affect the components of the triad either singly or in combination. The factors can have genetic linkage or an environmental predisposition. Genetic factors that contribute to increased incidences of stroke include factors that affect glucose metabolism, fat metabolism (familial hypercholesterolemia), coagulation factor expression and function as well as susceptibility to infections (Alan S. Go, et al., 2015).
The
Alice Palmer has a mild brain tissue damage associated with the ischemic stroke as evidenced by a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15. On the other hand, she has a normal heart rate of 89 beats per minute (HR 89) and a blood pressure of 155/90 mmHg. A blood pressure of 155/90 mmHg is an indication of stage 1 hypertension. Mrs. Alice Palmer is hypertensive because she refused to take medication while she was at home (Grace Meissner, 2011; Fortrat & Gharib, 2016). Further, Mrs. Alice Palmer has a left-sided hemiparesis which indicates damage to the right side of the brain. Left-sided hemiparesis is a weak muscle tone of the left side of the body which leads to faded movement and carrying out self-care activities such as dressing, bathing, and grabbing objects (Fischer et al., 2016). Moreover, damage to the right side of the brain is associated with poor memory since the limbic system is located in that region (Usher & Marriott, 2011). Also, Mrs. Alice had a bilateral visual field deficit because of the mild brain tissue damage associated with the ischemic
A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1).
Neuroradiological imaging plays an important role in the process of diagnosing ischaemic stroke. The different imaging modalities that can be used to diagnose ischaemic stroke include computed tomography (CT), magnetic imaging resonance (MRI), and radionuclide imaging. In this article, the different modalities that contribute to the diagnostic process are discussed, with a focus on CT scan protocols.
The risk factors for stroke can be classified into non-modifiable and modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors include age, family history, prior stroke, gender, and race. Whereas modifiable risk factors are hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, obesity, valvular heart disease, alcohol abuse, and physical inactivity (Basharat et al., 2012).
A healthy diet can help reduce the risk of chronic disease, improve overall health, and help reach and maintain a healthy weight. Physical activity helps get the body moving which can help prevent a stroke. Recent studies have shown that people who exercise five or more times a week have a reduced stroke risk. Smoking doubles the risk of a stroke compared to a non-smoker due to increasing clot formation, thickens blood and increases the amount of plaque build-up in the arteries. It has also been proven that Alcohol increases blood pressure and the risk of a stroke. Limiting the amount of alcohol consumed and smoking can in the long term prevent a stroke from
which are seen as a bonus rather than a desired outcome. It seems that most stroke patients must
The reason why we choose stroke is because stroke can happen anytime in our lifetime. There are two sorts of stroke. Ischemic stroke is like a heart assault, with the exception of it happens in the veins of the cerebrum. Clusters can shape in the mind's veins, in veins prompting the cerebrum, or even in veins somewhere else in the body and after that go to the cerebrum. These coagulations piece bloodstream to the mind's cells. Ischemic stroke can likewise happen when an excessive amount of plaque (greasy stores and cholesterol) obstructs the mind's veins. Around 80% of all strokes are ischemic.Hemorrhagic strokes happen when a vein in the mind breaks or bursts. The outcome is blood saturating the mind tissue, making harm cerebrum cells. The
Indeed, both of them appeared to be higher in low-income countries such as North Asia, Eastern Europe, Central Africa, and South Pacific, in comparison to high-income countries like Western Europe and North America (Johnston, Mendis and Mathers, 2009, Kim and Johnston, 2011). Moreover, concerning the prevalence of stroke the World Health Organization (2004) indicated that one in every 10 deaths is caused by stroke, adding that stroke can be the third reason of death, particularly in countries that are more developed than
A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain
One quiet morning, about a week before my high school graduation, I was preparing breakfast for myself in the family kitchen. Suddenly I heard my mother scream my name from the back of the house. Something about her tone scared me, so I ran to see what the matter was. I found her crouched beside my grandfather on the floor, a look of panic on her face. He had slid off the bed and defecated in his clothes. She thought his bowel movement was an accident and wanted me to help her get him in the shower. As I knelt to help her, I noticed asymmetry in his face, and recalled a stroke pamphlet I had seen in a doctor’s office, so I asked him to move his arms. He raised his right arm on cue, but could not move his left. I directed my mother to call the ambulance; the pamphlet had mentioned that treatment for stroke was most effective within three hours of onset, so I knew we had to hurry. I asked my grandfather when it had occurred. Like many stroke patients, his speech was slurred, which impeded his ability to communicate. It was clear that he could comprehend the question and was attempting to speak. I took the clock off the wall and asked him to point with his right hand to the time the incident occurred. He pointed to 4 am. My heart squeezed in my chest, as that was six hours earlier; we had missed the three-hour critical period.
Stroke: The brain attack which cut off the vital flow of blood and oxygen supply to the brain. A stroke happens in the same way as a heart attack, but takes place in the brain. The age crew for stroke in India has diversified concentrates between 15-49 years, where this age gathering tends to have an unexpected planning of causes and hazard mechanisms [1]. Most people think that stroke is diseases of mid aged man. The truth is that both men and women suffer from strokes. Women are much more at risk. As per the stroke registry database maintained by seven leading multi-specialty hospitals in Coimbatore cities many as 2000 patients die of stroke every year, of which 1500 die in hospitals, 500 die at home and 10 to 20 patients die before reaching
When you have an ischemic stroke, the oxygen-rich bloodsupply to part of your brain is reduced. With a hemorrhagic stroke, there is bleeding in the brain.
Computed Tomography perfusion imaging is used as a primary method for evaluating patients detected with an acute stroke. Computed Tomography perfusion imaging provide information about the presence and site of vascular occlusion, the presence and extent of ischemia, and about the tissue viability. This data may help the doctor to determine and confirm the case of thrombolysis
Stroke is reported to be the second leading cause of death globally. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been identified as a risk factor for stroke. However, little is known about the impact of renal dysfunction on early mortality after acute ischemic stroke. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of renal dysfunction among acute ischemic stroke patients. In addition, studying the impact of renal dysfunction on early mortality after acute first-ever ischemic stroke.
Our brain is most complex organ system in our body. This three pound of tissue creates the main nerve center of the body. It controls our all body function, body movement, thought, and our behavior. Many of people do not know about the how a brain works? The left part of the brain controls our right side of the body and right side of brain part controls our left side of the body part. Our brain uses 20% of the total oxygen and blood in the body so it is required oxygen and nutrition from the blood for work properly. The lake of oxygen in the brain for 5 to 10-minute results in permanent brain damage or occurs a stroke. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of our brain is interrupted or severely reduced. A stroke is one of the diseases