The Cello Research Paper

On Sunday, 14 October, Jeffrey Phelps, cello and Lee Jordan-Anders, piano, performed Ludwig van Beethoven’s Sonata in A Major, Opus 69 (1808) and Claude Debussy’s Sonata (1915)

Even though the size of the violin made it seem less intimidating, learning how to play the violin

Later on in his life, Bach composed the Orchestral Suite No.3 in D Major. This work's second movement was appropriately titled Air, because it was an aria for the orchestra. Bach wrote music for single instruments, duets, and small ensembles. Bach's works for solo instruments include the six sonatas and partitas for violin (BWV1001-1006), the six cello suites (BWV 1007-1012) and the partita for solo flute (BWV1013). Bach's best-known orchestral

The fiddle. The violin. For the fiddle a family gathers around the campfire as Charlie Daniels slaps his knee in a straw hat and plays the Fiddle, while the sound of the violin fills elegant, royal concert halls. Although these “two” stringed instruments seems like they are worlds apart, they are in reality the same. The origin of the story of the fiddle stretches equally as far back as the violin because they are the same, they have the same past, future and present.

The first performance consisted of a piano, flute and a cello. The piano was the first instrument to play and established the melody before the flute and cello came in. Next, the flutist started playing and was given a chance to take over the melody as the cellist set a steady tempo for them to follow.

The violin is the smallest and highest pitched string instrument. It is played by a violinist or fiddler. When playing, the violinist holds the violin between the top of his left shoulder and the left side of his chin as he draws the bow across the string or plucks the strings with one or both hands. The sound can be stopped by placing a hand on the strings. The bow is made of wood and horse hair. The violin is tuned in perfect fifths. Music for the violin is written in the treble clef. In the orchestra, the violins play in two groups. These are the first violins and the second violins. In the orchestra, the violins sit to the left of the conductor in rows. The first violins are to the far left and the second violins are to the right of them. The Concert Master is usually a first violin player, and he or she sits in the front row of the first violins.

The Rebec - The rebec was a musical instrument with a round pear-shaped body ( an early violin)

Antonio Vivaldi, a major composer during the Baroque period, made significant changes during his time, from numerous works to a teacher at the Pieta to a priest. Vivaldi excelled writing in many genres; however, he is known mainly for his concertos (Hanning & Burkholder 264). In the case of the Baroque era, Antonio Vivaldi’s contributions profoundly impacted music for the violin, ushering in a period of popularity for the instrument.

The viola was a new sound to me. When I first heard the sound, I just assumed it was the violin. I know I have heard it played before, but I have never paid attention to it specifically. The fact that it does not have such a high pitch as the violin amazes me, because they look almost the same. I like that it has a wider range of sound and is not deep like a tuba or cello, and that is why I think I could not pin point a viola before. I am glad I know what one is now, because I can only imagine being a viola player, and not be noticed for such a gorgeous sound one can make.

The ukulele is a member of the lute family of instruments; meaning that the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table. Most people believe that the ukulele originated in Hawaii however, they actually had their first start in Portugal in 139 B. C in the Lusitania tribe. By the thirteenth century, four-string instruments were being used in Spain, when six-string instruments were introduced in the 1700s the popularity of chordophones exploded. (A chordophone is a musical instrument that makes sound by way of a vibrating string or strings stretched between two points.) Although we all picture ukuleles as a Hawaiian instrument, it wasn't until 1879 that the first ukulele was brought over from Portugal. One of the Portuguese

•There wasn't a fixed, standard orchestral group. Ensembles were usually composed of strings, a few woodwinds, percussion, and the harpsichord providing the basso continuo.

The violin is one of those instruments that one can play for years, and never truly master. However, when one has the ability to play the violin, they are able to experience so many things that a regular non-violin playing person would never experience. This next year will be my 10th year playing, and on my journey, I have had many meaningful interactions with my violin, and the people who have helped me with my violin. My most valuable experience did not just happen in the course of a day, I think my most valuable experience happened over the course of several years, which was orchestra.

The other person that scholars note as one of the first violin makers is Gasparo di Bertolotti da Salò. In fact, the scholars that disagree with Andrea Amati as being the very first violin maker say that Gasparo da Salo should be accoladed this award. Gasparo da Salo was even originally accredited first violin maker by everyone up until the 19th century, when his accreditation was removed (Bartruff, William). He did, however definitely set up the school of Brescia, a school of violin making. Gasparo da Salo was further known for making viols, double bases and several other instruments during his

Violin is preferred concerto solo instrument although the harpsichord becomes more and more popular throughout the century. The newly prominent piano takes over as the most popular solo instrument.

Neither Bach nor Shostakovich was a musical innovator. Bach was the ultimate Baroque composer; his pieces are models of perfected compositional techniques, filled with the smoothly flowing harmonies and complex polyphony characteristic of the time. His numerous dance suites, both for solo instruments and orchestra, merely stylized the popular dances of the time. His six suites for unaccompanied cello are beautiful examples, predictable and perfected, but in a way that never grows old.