The Centralization And Development Of Urbanization In Africa

Modern African states have various problems ranging from corruption, to armed conflict, to stunted structural development. Africa’s ongoing political instability and economic crisis have hindered the improvement of Africa. Thus, the lack of money, advancement in technology, and climate has hampered economic development. Despite European mistreatment and oppression African’s have endured hardships that have encouraged economy, education, and political

Poverty, hunger, famine, mud huts, uneducated, AIDs, and disease might be some typical terms someone might think of when they hear about the continent of Africa. For years, Africa has been considered the poorest continent, but change is rapidly approaching. Skyscrapers, educations, technology, developed, shopping malls, growing, and fashionable might not be particular worlds a common person would use to describe Africa, but research suggests that these words might be used in the near future. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader of the rapid growth in Africa and explain what is causing the growth. The paper will also discuss what new entrants into the African market will have to focus on in order to be successful.

Africa is the world’s poorest inhabited continent, with more than one third of its residents living on less than a comparative US dollar per day. Africa is stereotyped as poor, overpopulated, and uncivilized. Historians refer to Africa as one united land mass rather than multiple independent nations. Africa’s limited use of technology, agricultural based economy, and independent self-government prior to independence has made gathering data on the continent difficult. Africa as a whole has little data

There is an ongoing debate on how the current political and economic failures in Africa can be traced back to the advent of colonialism. There is a great deal of evidence that illustrates the impact that colonialism and foreign intervention has had a negative effect on the development of present history of Africa. This essay will attempt to examine the geographic, political and ethnic impact European colonialism has played on the development of the African, and how these contributions have put Africa on its current trajectory.

Before I started my work on this topic, I was already aware that poverty is a tremendous issue in Africa through my research in reading articles online. What I didn’t know was that the scale of poverty was so tremendous and that it’s very widespread in the continent. But in my paper, I will be focusing primarily on Sub-Saharan Africa. Before I started this research, I didn’t have much focus on this issue, but after learning this, I became more interested in it.

North American media coverage of Africa often times paints a pictures of a vast waste land of poverty and death. One is often led to believe that the entire continent is just an undeveloped desert, with citizens living only in mud huts, tormented by rebel armies on a mission to rape and plunder then burn villages to the ground. This understanding is incredibly dangerous and are often warped to fit a certain agenda. African cities like Lagos, Cape Town, Windhoek, or Cape Town are much like those in found across America and are not as rare as it would made to be seen, but despite this, many areas of Africa do struggle. The Democratic Republic of Congo is one country in particular that has and continues to struggle to find it’s footing in a global

Africa has transitioned from being dismantled, torn to pieces, and ruled by many european countries to now being its own and unique continent. The continent itself might not be thriving the way some would like it to, but it has made great strides since the colonial period for its independence. Due to the effort of its hard working people and its relentless determination to prosper, Africa has become one of the most influential countries of the modern world. Overcoming obstacles of slavery of its citizens, abuse by its government, and attack by the militia, Africa, in a way still has managed to stay afloat and survive through decades of mistreatment.

Income inequality and poverty and are issues affecting a majority of people around the different parts of the globe. These issues exist and are increasingly becoming a major concern in both developing and developed countries. The purpose of this paper is to show some of the causes and effects of income inequality and poverty in developing and developed countries. Income inequality varies especially by region, education and social standing and hence increasingly widening for so many years. In addition, a large group of people in the world have the inability to access high-quality education, shelter, food, clothing, and basic medicine. Business activities are an important factor in the economy and have the ability to aid in eradicating poverty through providing fair wages reducing the uneven distribution of income.

During the colonization of Africa, which was at it's peak in the 18th and 19th century, the European powers of the time indulged in activities that changed and still continues to have multiple effects on the continent

Corruption, negligence and irresponsibility of the civil management have contributed to the continued spread of the slum in the city of Lagos.

Africa is a continent rich in culture, resources, and potential. But when compared to the rest of the world, Africa stands as the poorest continent despite having some of the world’s richest natural resources. Africa has some of the poorest life expectancy, highest HIV/AIDS rates, malnutrition and infant mortality rates in the world (African Development Bank Group, "Income Inequality in Africa", 2012, p. 2). It leaves one to question the reason for such disparity within the continent. The following will provide an in-depth analysis into one of the many reasons for such inequalities and poverty. I will argue that tribalism imbedded in African culture has had a significant role in the lack of economic development and income inequalities.

There are many misconceptions about Africa’s past. However, Africa’s earliest people adapted to a wide range of geographic conditions to establish societies based on family ties, religion, iron technology, and trade. Today Africa is a continent made up of 54 independent countries, and it’s the world’s oldest populated area. Africa’s is more than three times the size of the United States, and over time there has been a great deal of trade and movement of goods and people including transatlantic slave trade. The following maps show the changing relationships of Africa to the rest of the world and provide a different historical interpretation then the many misconceptions most people have of

a. Africa is a continent associated with the cradle of mankind. It is believed to be a resourceful continent. Associated with heavy forests, flooded rivers and lakes, rich volcanic soils that favors agriculture, huge deserts that harbor tons of oil and petroleum products, vast land for both settlement and industrialization and heavy vegetation that sustains its ecosystem and all life forms. Most European countries and developed countries obtain their raw materials from Africa. But the above source materials provide strong evidence that is yet Africa as a continent characterized by poor states and poverty-stricken countries. Both articles argue that among those affected are women and children who face the pangs of hunger and famine each season. It is sad to read that the political class and affluent are keeping resources to themselves hence enhancing the gap between the poor and rich. Poverty in Africa has made it impossible to fight natural calamities like diseases, famine, drought and other risks associated with poverty. However, the issue of income disparities in Africa is a controversial one since income disparities are attributed to poverty in Africa.

In stark contrast with East Asia & Pacific, the Sub-Saharan Africa has an overwhelmingly high percentage of population who are living under extreme poverty line, even at the $2 a day limit. For instance, Zimbabwe has between 75-100 percent of the population living under $2 a day, with the percentage just a little below 75 percent at the $1.25 limit. The “Regional Poverty Trend” data chart also shows a total opposite with East Asia & Pacific, because for the Sub-Saharan Africa starting in 1981, we see that the number of “millions of poor” marked by the blue columns has been increasing steadily with 2011 at

Urbanization is defined as an omnipresent process during which a primary and rural society revolves gradually into a cultivated and industrious one. The linkage between industrialization and urban growth defies an explicit description it is tight and visible, but cannot be simply reduced to direct linearity. It is well known that many small African countries have initiated or accomplished low-level urbanization without economic growth. Roughly without industrial revolution, a few cities such as Italy and Netherlands had their urban dweller proportion raised. Switzerland, Germany, England and France had the similar phenomena.