Introduction Students of the class Introduction to Research Methods conducted two studies to collect data on the perception of scientists. The purpose of the two studies conducted was to examine the stereotypes of scientists of undergraduate Speech and Hearing Science majors, and whether the use of media has an influence on these stereotypes. Study one was a descriptive study that consisted of administering a Draw-A-Scientist test. This was done in order to understand the perceptions of scientists in a sample of Speech and Hearing Science majors at a large research university in the Midwest, and be able to compare the results to other literature. Study 2 was an experimental study, conducted to analysis the effect of a media stimulus on the perceptions of scientist. The goal of conducting two studies was to have the ability to compare the results of the descriptive study with the experimental study in order to determine the effects of the media and analyze certain stereotypic characteristics of a scientist. The Draw-A-Scientist-Test was first administered by David W. Chambers in 1983. He created the DAST in order to analyze the stereotypes involved in people’s perceptions of scientists. Seven specific attributes of a scientist were included on the coding sheet of the DAST. These attributes included specific attributes of a scientist: a laboratory coat, eyeglass, facial hair, symbols of research (scientific instruments and laboratory equipment), symbols of knowledge
In characterizing scientific research, Barry chooses specific diction that has strong connotations so as to create the greatest effect by contrasting them. His juxtaposition of the words “certainty” and “uncertainty” serve a twofold purpose in the context of this piece. The first is to emphasize the fearfulness and timidity associated with uncertainty. Secondly, it serves to exhibit
Sometimes careless science publishing can weaken the public’s confidence in science and the government. The Media is enormously powerful and leading and will influence people’s opinions on everything. There are plenty of stories in the media that will change the public’s perception of science or even make them see a new perception. Sometimes these stories are just written to scare the public into believing a certain thing just so they can sell their stories.
Within the article titled “The Mistrust of Science” by Atul Gawande, the article is a written document of an address at the California Institute of Technology and describes the connection of science to every single human on Earth. This is done because the presenter defines science as “a systematic way of thinking” since science allows humans to contemplate beyond the information being given to them at any time, such as the questions may follow of how, when, where, why, and how? The presenter states the opinion that, no matter what major you are declared as or the type of occupation you hold, science is embedded into the way you are living, despite you not having any knowledge of certain science topics.
Confirmation bias is the tendency for a person to search for information that solely helps support their opinion or hypothesis. For example, I’ve observed the media doing this a lot. One example that’s trending now, is that Kylie Jenner is pregnant. The media keeps going on and on about it, although none of the family members have confirmed this. The media seems to keep bringing to light the fact that she’s wearing baggy clothes, buying a box of donuts, or having a party in her backyard, which they say was her baby shower. They media ignores the fact that she’s a teenager and lots of teenagers eat unhealthy. Or the fact that she always hosts lots of different events for other people at her house, which we see on their show. The media
As per research ‘gender’ provides a perspective from which one could examine the biases that exist in the larger society. Some believe that to arrive at a more eloquent understanding of the problems of women in science , one should begin by asking what is the nature of science space that leads to under-representation and marginalisation of women rather than questioning the situation of a woman’s life that makes it difficult for her to pursue science.
In his book The Great Influenza, author John M. Barry writes about his opinion on the characteristics of scientists and their research. He believes that science is full of uncertainty and scientists must be able to deal comfortably with the unknown, as well as the fact that scientists must be creative and accept that their own beliefs can be easily broken by their own research. He accomplishes this by utilizing rhetorical strategies such as allusions, references to relatable examples, and a “matter of fact”, harsh tone.
As groups continue to use science against one another, stereotypes are taking over the world and creating negativity within society. As women are being told they are not smart, African Americans are being told they are unequal, and Muslims are being told they are all terroristic by nature based on the science that claims their inferiority and stereotypes; peace cannot prevail and war cannot contain. Scientific research and social correlations are not viewable through the same ideas, or else stereotypes continue to rampage on claiming proof through science; and ultimately groups will continue to prove their stereotypes wrong through violent and hysteric means. Inaccurate scientific research is encouraging the social beliefs of the inferiority of certain groups, and creating an unjust and socially biased
John makes it clear that scientific research is essential and is not as easy as following step by step. It takes time, dedication, and most of all determination. When someone is determined they will do whatever it takes, especially thinking out of the box, to accomplish their goal. Overall, the essay was presented in a logical and comprehensible way that allowed the reader to understand how essential yet possibly hard it can be to use scientific research.
Throughout the passage, John M. Barry uses a variety of methods to describe the process of scientific research. The author gives us long metaphor where a scientific investigator is like a pioneer in an unexplored region of the world. The author also gives us a little bit of background information on characterizations needed for scientific research.
On Tuesday the 20th of September, a presentation was required of all students to show a video of individual experiments after a week was given on the day of the original assigning. Given the task of performing an experiment in order to become acquainted with the Scientific method, students of Biology 621A were required to record their experimentations in full - providing a question to be answered, constructing a hypothesis, designing an experiment that would aid in the proving (or disproving) of the hypothesis and collecting the data found from the experiment. These would go on to be graded based on their overall presentation quality, and content in regards to the mastery of the scientific method while proving its functionality and existence in scientific experiments no matter how small, while determining factors like independent or dependant variables.
The first part of Sandra Harding’s Science and Social Inequality is comprised of 6 chapters that situate science firmly within the social and political world and ultimately serve to question the outcomes of its research
Firstly, according to Bucchi, M (2008), in the continuity model of science communication, the science is slowly and continually moving from expert areas to the public scientific communities and the popular level in the end. However, in the science information movement process, information can be “transformed” as it moves from levels to levels. Take the study about the effects of level of flappin on chocolate during pregnancy as an example. This example was mentioned by Oliver in the video. For this study, the results showed that there was no difference founded, however, when it came to television, the study results has totally changed. Based on this example, we can see that after scientists publishing their studies, the information or study results can be largely changed when they are transmitting from stage to stage. Secondly, the researchers and TV producers will choose and manipulate particular kinds of science study to broadcast according to the feedback from audiences, and the problem is they oversimplified the science. This could also mislead the
The documentary’s prime objective is to make the audience understand the importance of scientific endeavour and discovery, convincing them of the impact that it can have. The reason being that pursuing science/scientific research requires dedication, passion, ingenuity and collaboration combined with belief that the experiments that are being performed by the scientists can change the society and humanity as a whole.
The article on the subject of potential communicable disease coercion to Europe was written by scientists who carried out research to identify these diseases and come up with measure to mitigate the catastrophe in future. The scientist hypothesis states that current trends of Europeans from three perspectives that are social and demographic change, globalization and environmental change and health system capacity are driving factors for identified plausible infectious diseases to be more problematic than they currently are.
Stansbury and Munro (2013) and Ciarocco, Lewandowski and Volkom (2013) conducted two different studies after observing students’ low enthusiasm and attitudes of research methods, a course that is often seen as the hardest and most important class for a psychology undergraduate. In response to this, both researchers decided to create hands-on approaches for teaching research methods in an effort to promote student engagement in the classroom. Both studies are structured around the understanding that when students are engaged in conducting research, their appreciation of the material will increase, and so will the comprehension of the material at hand. Additionally, the two were studies fundamentally unable to use random assignment to conditions considering the inevitable negative affects it would have on the students’ initial feelings of the class. In order to collect data, Ciarocco et al. used seven-point Likert scales to assess attitudes, whereas Stansbury and Munro gathered data by using a multi-question pretest/posttest to assess content knowledge. Experimental conditions where constructed differently as well, Ciarocco et al. used multifaceted approach to teach five different experimental designs expanding over the whole semester, and Stansbury and Munro focused on teaching students to conduct factorial design research only, through the use of video games. Although, both studies were designed and conducted moderately well, Stansbury and Munro was more effective in