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The Effect Of Welding On Developing High Speed And Environment Friendly Technology

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CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction
These days, the focus of researchers is more on developing high-speed and environment-friendly technology in manufacturing techniques and this includes friction stir welding. Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process used for applications where the original melt characteristics must remain unchanged as far as possible. It was discovered in December 1991 and experimentally proven by Wayne Thomas and his team at welding institute in the UK. A rotating, non-consumable welding tool is used in FSW to soften the work material by producing heat due to friction and plastic work, thus permitting the tool to stir the joint surfaces. The weld is formed at temperatures below the melting temperature the workpiece. This technique has been used to weld a variety of similar and dissimilar alloys. The most effective part of FSW is the design of welding tool. Although many variations have been done recently to this basic tool shape to improve the quality and effectiveness.

1.2 Welding
Welding is an operation in which two or more parts or metals (similar or dis-similar) are united by means of pressure in such a way that there is continuity in the nature of the material (metal) between these parts. A filler metal, whose melting temperature is of the same order as that of the parent material, may or may not be used.

1.3 Classification of Welding:

Fig. 1.1 classification of welding processes

1.3.1 Friction Stir Welding
Friction stir

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