If it was necessary to download every pixel of an 1080p HD video, running at 25 frames per second, I would be necessary to download almost 1.1 gigabits a second. That’s enough to max out the connections of nearly 54 average South Korean homes1, in a country with stronger internet speeds than nearly everyone else. A computer able to process such a huge amount of information at such high speeds would be massively expensive, to the point where it would be inaccessible to the majority of households. How, then, is video streaming at all possible? The answer lies with one of the most important standards in modern communication systems: Video Compression. Much of the desire behind more efficient compression algorithms lies in the problem of …show more content…
This process is carried out by pretty much every program dealing with images in modern computers, as without them, single images could take up multiple megabytes each, and result in easy clutter of data storage. This is further complicated with video, as it requires 25+ pictures to be evaluated each second, which could quickly overcome even some of the strongest home computers. Basic image compression acts as a simple touch-up to modern video, as it allows for a decent chunk of size to be easily cut down. On the contrary, however, it will significantly lower the quality of a video if used in excess, so it often acts as merely a supplement to other, more powerful compression techniques. This trade-off can be seen in the GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) standard4, which uses heavy intra-frame compression in order to save space, causing image quality to drop significantly. The most powerful technique seen in modern video compression is described as inter-frame compression, and it allows for many of the pixels of a video to simply be “repeated”, rather than replaced. While pure static may never be the same frame-by-frame, most videos will have some captured colors that appear the same between each frame captured. In order to save space, most modern standards can tell a computer to simply ‘replicate’ that color, instead of create it once again, in a much more fluid process, requiring much less data. Modern MPEG-1 and MPEG-2
Has (CMOS) sensor to provide clear video and clear still images with 1920 x 1080 resolution. [2]
Q. 4 Identify and explain the three factors that influence the quality of digital video
Table I displays six solid binary images along with their corresponding compression ratios. On considering Run-Length coding, the alternative encoding scheme produces better performance than the other encoding scheme. On an average, the proposed algorithm performs well on comparison with the standard Huffman coding algorithm by approximately 1.58%.
This technique is used to layer foreground and background images based on color hues or the chroma range. The CGI technician layers the computer modelling around the actor. Programs such as PhotoKey 6 Pro make it possible to render the images seemlessly. Being a CGI technician requires computer knowledge and takes hours to edit and add in the actors into the computer generated world. An example of a seemless CGI movie is Avatar which cost $425,000,000 to make but grossed $2.7 Billion worldwide (www.the-numbers.com/movie/budgets/). For every 1/24 of a second or one frame of film it took 47 hours of rendering (www.imdb.com/title/tt0499549/trivia).
1.8). It was this idea that grew into a new way of watching videos, this paper will
High-performance applications, for example, high-definition video, high-end CAD, and graphics applications, require enhancements to network bandwidth (Barford, 2008).
Child abuse, in most cases, end in two different ways. The children are killed, mentally and physically, or the abuse is reported to the authorities. Approximately 5 children die every day because of child abuse. Although many people do not understand how many children are abused, there is a mass amount of content online about this topic and how it affects our society. Both videos are engaging and informative. However, although Video A has better text, Video B’s imagery and sound is more thought provoking, making Video B more effective.
The introduction of motion picture drastically changed the world as we know it along with introducing new and advanced ways of making and presenting media to the masses. Before the introduction of motion picture the only way people were able to hear about the news or new products was either by newspaper or word of mouth. Before we had T5i’s or any other new and elaborate camera we had to film with black and white picture with no sound, like the old classic super eight film cameras. The process of editing has changed over the decades from where film was just cut and scenes would be placed right after the other with hard cuts with the raw material, literally they cut the film, to now where most editors use non-linear editing with a computer to add transitions, text, and other video effects to produce the most visually appealing and most understandable when producing a video production. The way the video productions are shown to the public have also adapted throughout its brief existence. When commercials and films first made their appearances in the early twentieth century Directors and Producers had no idea how to use color to catch the audience’s attention by using their sub conscious, they didn’t realize that the length of the production would play a role in rather a person will watch it or not. Nowadays there are entire books on how to grab the audience’s attention.
Often the data arrives out of order. The software that re-orders the mixed up data is referred to as a jitter buffer. A time boundary is set in the jitter buffer to reorder the data, which can also cause latency. Low latency boundary increases the chances of leaving behind “late” data, while a high latency allowance ensures that more “late” data can be recovered and properly decoded. It should also be taken into consideration that many viewers are watching from several different devices (PCs, Macs, tablets, phones, TVs) over many types of networks (LAN/Wi-Fi, 4G LTE, 3G). Consequently, all of this takes a minimum of 100 milliseconds
Web. 01 Dec. 2015.) The process inspired Hollywood, which invented the second most successful color process, “Technicolor”. ("What? Color in the Movies Again?" Widescreen Museum. Fortune Magazine, n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2015.) Technicolor filmed musicals such as The Wizard of Oz and animated films such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarves. Color processing changed filmmaking and made filmmakers more conscious of color choices in scenes.
Previously, editing used to be a challenge for most filmmakers. Often, they relied on manual methods when filming to add effects to the films. Incorporating visual effects to the film was a demanding task that
Abstract – In this paper, we proposed an effective system for lossless image compression using different wavelet transform such as the stationary wavelet transform, the non decimated wavelet transform, and discrete wavelet transform with delta encoding and compare the results without delta encoding. With the development in the field of networking in the process of sending and receiving files needed to effective techniques for image compression as the raw images required large amounts of disk space to defect during transportation and storage operations. We used lossless compression to maintain the original features of the image in this process; there is a major problem which often is low compression ratios. We also use three types of wavelet transform which are discrete wavelet transform, non decimated wavelet transform, and stationary wavelet transform to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system for comparison and to show the differences between each type to overcome previous challenges. This paper proposed a system for lossless image compression based on the use of the three types of wavelet transforms using Arithmetic coding and Huffman coding with delta coding, which helps in the high compression ratio to clarify the extent of the difference and distinction between each type. The results show that the stationary wavelet transform outperforms the non decimated wavelet transform and the discrete wavelet transform and with delta encoding outperforms without delta
Right now we are all programmed to be patient as our YouTube videos continue to buffer. We are patient because we are using “futuristic technology” such as google maps, which can virtually take anyone from there living room to the front door of someone’s house across the world. In an article that was published on foxnews.com by Blake Snow states that right now there is an ultrafast, 10-gigabit Internet in the works at Google. It is called Google Fiber and
High speed Broadband internet services make it easier for user to download the large media file over internet,
As my hands touched the keys, my mind began to race. What was I programing? Where should I start? Brainstorming for ideas, my mind kept coming back to YouTube. A simple and sleek video player, YouTube has an underlying structure for getting a video file and building a player around it. Realizing I had no idea what the programming commands for an internet video were, I started by crafting a simple resizing program. Getting the screen size was easy, and translating it to a scaled aspect ratio wasn’t much harder. After applying the aspect ratio to a black square on the screen, I realized that not every video would have the same ratio. Thus, I researched how to get the size of this scaled box, and how to set a video width and height.