The Embarkation Of The Pilgrims

God would choose a select few to save as per his sovereign plan. Once chosen, the select few would be justified by faith alone. The select few would still be subject to backsliding because of the weak human nature, and would, therefore, make efforts to live in Godly ways (Bryant 7). Between 1830 and 1850, this doctrinal conservatism was widely adopted by many people in the rural parts of the United States. The revivalist adopted reform as a preparation to receive grace rather than as a means to grace. The sin of the flesh such as drunkenness was used to mark evil doing with the aim of convincing sinners to receive grace. Sobriety was construed as a marker of grace for those converted. This reformism caught on widely, particularly in New York. The Great Awakening was moved in its fervor with the intense migration from the East to Mississippi Valley. This resulted in the development of a common religious culture in the Mississippi valley that is persistent to the present day.

The Second Great Awakening refers to a period of religious revivals that occurred in the United States in the 1830s. After this, many more Americans became Christians. The Second Great Awakening made Americans want to reform the United States. Reformers began gathering many social and political changes. There was a push to prohibit alcoholic beverages, to increase public education, to support rights for women, and to outlaw war. One of the movements to arise out of the Reform movements was the Abolition Movement which called for immediate end for slavery. Therefore, the Second Great Awakening and the reform movements that it inspired helped

Revivals were made possible by itinerant preachers. One of the most famous itinerant preachers was Charles Grandion Finney. He is the father of Modern revivalism. Born in Oneida, Connecticut in 1792, he had a conversion experience in 1821. In Finney theology, sin was a voluntary act and hence avoidable. “When the churches are…awakened and reformed, the reformation and salvation of sinners will follow, going through the same stages of conviction, repentance, and reformation. Their hearts will be broken down and changed.” (Document B) his teaching of theology also put emphasis on perfectionism and social activism. Finney later died in 1875. However, his teachings were passed on through all night prayer meetings and anxious seating.

A product of the religious revival in Western Europe from late 17th century to early 18th century, the First Great Awakening was a period of religious growth throughout the British American colonies from approximately 1720 to the 1740s. This awakening was led by many religious figures such as John Wesley - a founder of Methodism in the Church of England, George Whitefield - an Anglican who preached throughout the colonies from 1739 to 1740, and Jonathan Edwards - an Apologist of the Great Awakening who led the revival in Northampton, Massachusetts. Although this period of religious high is referred to as “The First Great Awakening,” historians still debate whether or not this grandiose title is deserved.

The Second Great Awakening revolved around the new concept of national reform through religious and moral changes. These changes and transitions occurred for the benefit of the country, by withdrawing the negative aspects of society such as alcohol overuse, low quality education and prisons, and most notably slavery. Religious leaders encouraged salvation and worshipping the Christian God to be best solution for successfully reforming and improving the nation’s predicaments. Religious ideas had a remarkable role constructing reform movements in the first half of the nineteenth century in behalf of religion offering the most moral and logical path towards a better society. People of the United States were in necessity of reforms, applying the religious ideas opened up new resolutions for all classes, races, and groups of people.

The major changes in American religion that occurred in the early nineteenth century were the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a Christian Revival movement during the early nineteenth century. The movement began around 1800, it had begun to gain momentum from the 1820. With the Second Great Awakening; new religions were established, there were different academic curriculums, a change from the trinity to just one deity and they would touch on American culture and reform.

Some called it the Second Great Awakening because it “raised people’s hopes for the second coming of the Christian messiah and the establishment of God’s kingdom on earth.” (Norton, et. al., Mindtap, 10-7) With industrialization on the rise and new cities in development, many people began to take certain aspects of culture as symbols of evil. The Second Great Awakening was a way to prevent evil in American cities in the hope of creating a perfect Christian society. “Revivalists strove for large-scale conversions. Rural women, men, and children traveled long distances to camp meetings, where they heard fiery sermons preached day and night from hastily constructed platforms and tents in forests or fields.” (Norton, et. al., Mindtap, 10-7) Many people were traveling great distances to hear sermons because they were persuaded to believe that society needed to be cleansed before the messiah’s return. The most popular preachers of this revival were Lyman Beecher and Charles G. Finney. These two preachers “argued that evil was avoidable,” and anyone could be cleansed from sin. (Norton, et. al., Mindtap, 10-7a) Charles G. Finney was a law-turned-Presbyterian minister who conducted revivals in towns along the Erie Canal. Finney was most successful in conversions in New York. New York at the time was experiencing a high level of technologic change. Along with technologic advancement

The Second Great Awakening accentuated belief and impacted later change developments, for example, those concerning moderation, instruction, ladies' rights, and eradication. The Second Great Awakening and the reform developments that grew all through the historical America had to do with enhancing the "ethical strength" of the country. The Great Awakening was a spiritual development, so these changes happened in light of the fact that liquor, education, ladies' rights, and nullification were incorporated with religion. In the late 1820s, a few campaigners composed the Temperance Movement. This development was a crusade against liquor misuse. Some felt that the utilization and creation of liquor ought to be limited for it totally conflicted

The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that took place in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Around the same time, the concepts of Jacksonian democracy was becoming increasingly more well known. This idea stressed the importance of the common individual. It focused on the ordinary people and what they thought about government. Jacksonian democracy also clarified that slavery is an issue. Religiously, The Second Great Awakening strongly The religious concept of earning salvation that grew popular as a result of the Second Great Awakening impacted social reforms such as the temperance and abolitionist movements, prison and education reform, and the formation of Utopian societies. The Second Great Awakening

The First Great Awakening spread throughout the 13 colonies as an emotional religious revival movement from 1720s to 1740s that appeared due to the increase of secularism and rationalism religion in which evangelist had challenged established denominations and pushed towards a more personal relationship with God (3 + 12).The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement from in the 19th century, which called for an individualized relationship between the people and God, promoting it through Baptist and Methodist beliefs, which held a more egalitarian attitude in the case of everyone being able to achieve salvation. The First Great Awakening and Second Great Awakening both transformed religious ideology by introducing individualism, a belief where men have a closer and direct relationship with God. The First and Second Great Awakenings had a transformation in their methods of worship with a change in venue, with the First Great Awakening having people preach to the masses on the street corners outside; while in the Second Great Awakening, having revivals and camp meetings with people screaming and jumping, a change from the traditional, to a wholly new method of worship.

The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement during the 19th century that challenged women’s traditional roles in religion. The Second Great Awakening gave women a more effective role in society. For Elijah Pierson and his wife

The Great Awakening was a reaction to a decline religiousness and a laxity of morals within the Congregational Churches of New England. Travelling evangelist generated converted interest and spread the message of revival throughout the churches of Connecticut. While the Great Awakening inspired dramatic changes and growth in church membership, it also triggered divisions and conflicts in the established church. As the movement became more deep-seated and passions less controlled, the following groups which arose from a change in opinions regarding the Awakening led to the decline of the revival in Connecticut. The Great Awakening diminished around 1745 because followers could not withstand interest, though the government of the colony started regulating travelling evangelist

A) The "Great Awakening" was a religious revival. It began in Massachusetts by a pastor named Jonathan Edwards and spread the idea that doing good things and believing in God's forgiveness would help somebody get into heaven. He painted a very scary picture of hell in the minds of people, therefore influencing them to go into a life of doing good things. A man named George Whitefield preached human helplessness and God's great power. Revival meetings were very effective in evoking emotion, and sinners would profess confessions, while those who are saved would be excited, even creating a show. The Awakening was said to revitalize American religion. The Awakening focused on direct and emotive spirituality which undermined old clergy and caused

The second great awakening was the emergence of new religious branches. There were three main branches that influences the Unites States as it grew and was still trying to rid of the English ways. these three branches were named Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian. All three of these branches grew quickly in popularity. The most popular however was the Presbyterian church. All of these shares the same core belief but held different values and reasons for existence. The presbyterian church is part of what I feel helped push the western expiation to continue further. This is due to the one message they wanted to convey to others, " Salvation is available not just to a select few, as the Calvinist Puritans have claimed, but to anyone who repents and embraces Christ". Other religious view were adopted in this time that caused the population to see the world in a new light and gain more spiritual growth.

The Great Awakening of the 1730s significantly altered the social structure of early Americal colonial society. The laity’s internal subjectivity and passional experiences were validated in regards to religious sentiments. This novel type of engagement of the laity is significant, as previously voiceless social and racial classes were given the authority to proclaim and propagate their interpretations of biblical scripture. The New Lights’ emphasis on the transformative power of the Holy Spirit severed social norms and exalted and justified the personal experiences of commoners against that of the old order. Moreover, the revivals challenged the prevailing social and religious elite by questioning the sincerity of their religious convictions. The conservative religious rationalism was challenged by a novel and enthusiastic expression of faith characterized by personal experience and individual sensory experience. The New Lights, or the revivalist leaders, deplored the abundance of inequality between rich landowners in relation to poor and indebted frontier farmers. I interpret the revival as an intellectual severance from the old order, or the Old Light’s doctrine’s of salvation. Jonathan Edwards, the revival’s prominent contributor, launched an attack against the rationalism and conservatism of the old religious order and emphasized a New Birth, characterized by passional and experiential conversion. My analysis of the Great Awakening brings forth evidence that the New