THE GRADUAL EVOLUTION OF MOBILE NETWORKS FROM FIRST GENERATION TO THE FIFTH GENERATION
ABSTRACT
Mobile networks have made a remarkable growth in the last 20 years. In our time 4G is the main network used to ensure IP connectivity for real time and non-real time services. It will be wrong not to mention that in most 3rd world countries 3G and 2G networks are still of great importance in the field of communication due to poor connectivity issues preventing them to utilize the services of 4G services. This paper will mainly talk about the growth of mobile networks from say 3G to 4G and also mention in details what we expect from 5G network. It will also mention some of the positive and negative impacts to our Kenyan society and ways to ensure that we benefit fully from the services. The proposal in this paper is fundamental shift in the mobile networking philosophy compared to existing 3G and near-soon 4G mobile technologies, and this concept is called here - the 5G.
GENERAL TERMS
EDGE-ENHANED DATA FOR GSM EVOLUTION
GSM-GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
GPRS-GENERAL PACKET FOR RADIO TRANSMISSION
CDMA-CODED DIVISION FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS
KEY WORDS
Networking, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G
INTRODUCTION
Since the invention of 1G (first generation) mobile network there has been a series of inventions to better the reception, bandwidth and latency of communication. It all started by the shift from analog to digital (discrete) kind of communication. I will take you through sands of time
Directions: Select a topic from the case studies in the text. You may choose any of the topics, except those covered in previous assignments. Examples of topics you might investigate include: using telecommunications to keep in touch with co-workers; telecommunications innovation; managing telecommunications; emerging telecommunications technologies; and so on.
Throughout the twentieth-century, different inventions and predictions were made to determine what the future would be like. For example, hover cars and advanced spacecraft were some of the most iconic pieces of predicted technology. Although hover cars still have yet to be refined some predictions of the twentieth-century are seen being used today, such as small portable communicators. Small portable communicators have enhanced the way people communicate with one another and are more commonly known as the cell phone. In 1973, a man named Martin Cooper and his team at Motorola built and demonstrated the first cell phone (CBS 1). Little did they realize the huge impact that cell phones would soon make in the near future. Cell phones have evolved drastically and have become an essential and indispensable aspect of contemporary life. Since 1995, mobile phones have transformed into complex cellular devices to suit people’s busy lifestyles, while still staying true to its original aspect, communication.
The cell phone today can do just about anything needed, and is an outstanding improvement from when the first cell phone was invented. Major improvements such as its appearance, and its overall usefulness and capability. Though the first cell phone was an extreme breakthrough for modern technology at the time, the technological advancement today has made the cell phone not only extremely handy, but considered by most as a necessity. Only time can tell what future cell phones will be like and how we can compare them to the way we use them
Could you imagine going a day without your smart phone? It seems as though everyone now a days owns a smart phone. Smart phone have became rapidly advanced in such a short amount of time, with the competition between the two major smart phone companies Apple and Samsung competing to create a brand a new model every year with new features. The demand for smart phones is increasing and statistics show that more people have mobile phones than toilets. The time people spend on the cell phones is mostly spent on apps, and people are spending an average of 3 hours and 23 minutes per day in apps and only 50 minutes accessing the mobile web. Statistic also show that nearly 75 percent of US adults will use a smart phone in 2017, and it is continuing to increase. So, how was the smart phone born? Before the smart phone there were several devices that were used but not until recently those technologies were combined to create the smart phone.
When cell phones were first introduced, they were large and expensive. In 1983 the first truly mobile phone was released by Motorola. It was the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x. To some people it is known as the “Zack Morris phone.” He used this phone on a regular basis in a popular television show called “Saved by the bell” which took place in the late 80’s to early 90’s. It was an extremely large device compared to the ones we are used to now and it was only designed to make phone calls. It was not often used for personal use like today. “They were primarily used in the sales and business world, but not for personal use like you see today” said Kreg Jones, an industrial designer and industrial design instructor at the Art institute of Philadelphia (“The History and Evolution of Cell Phones”). Initially cell phones could only make phone calls. In later cell phones eventually voicemail was added, but the main feature was still talking. Eventually companies realized the potential to integrate other technologies into the phones.
The mobile Internet is growing, fueled by increasing invasions of smartphone and better networks. Here the question arise that what is the smartphone? The smartphone is a cellular phone that operates many of the roles of a computer, holding Internet access, a touchscreen interface, and a various operating system that enables downloaded applications to run. In this modern society, with smartphones, tablets and cloud computing, everything is moving around quickly. The growing abilities of mobile phones are positioning them as the technology of choice, replacing PCs, for many users. As such, the use of these devices must be considered as a vital learning device available to higher education. According to Lacohee, Wakeford, & Pearson, 2003, in the initial rise of mobile technology advancement, cell phones were exclusive devices originally used by middle and upper-class people. Smartphones has the facilities to transmit and receive calls and create and accept text messages, as another digital portable gadgets like personal digital assistants (PDAs), such as an event list, Bluetooth, music player, video games, GPS, digital camera and video camera and can operate a variety of third-party software elements known as "apps".
Decades ago, mobile phones were large, cumbersome, and expensive devices. A mobile phone can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. Through this, business men could see the value of being able to communicate while on the move so they were willing to pay the price and put up with the inconvenience.
This generation phone enabled users to send text messages, picture messages, and multi media message. After the release of 2G, the same concept was used for all the future generations, which were provided with more variations of inbuilt in the phone. The one important change that was made from the 1st generation on to the second was the radio signals they were digital. However, each generation had few minor weaknesses along with the progress from the previous versions. For instance, the 2nd generation the data rates were very limited therefore, users had a tough time to check their mails also, dew to the short rate of data provided which limited the access to Internet use also weak digital signals. Next generation, the 3rd generation was launched in a company India by NTT DOCOMO. This generation offered a high-speed web, better security and better voice quality. Also, this was the first time applications were provided or can download it. This enabled the users to be able to download games, applications, mobile TV and music for their own use. Other advantages were data transferred fast, multimedia applications, and access to Internet from anywhere. This disadvantage with 3G, which was, a major weakness for the society and caused a heath issue to rise was the radiation of magnetic waves caused by the use of a lot of wireless system. The radiation of magnetic waves can lead to affecting the brain. Finally, the generation that is present and has been giving a society
In this world of science and technology, society has made much progress in the last 20 years. The mobile phone is a good example of this change. Mobile phones are now the most widespread communication device replacing fixed line phones, and their number is increasing dramatically every year. This essay will outline the major changes in mobile phone design and network availability during the last two decades and the advantages of this development. In addition, this essay will discuss the disadvantages of using mobile phones.
Every day thousands of people use their cell phones as a major form of communication. The creation of the mobile phone or the cell phone changed the world because it allowed people to stay in touch over long distances. Though the creators of the mobile phone created it for just the porpoise of keeping in touch over long distances the people of the twenty first century have changed the phone. Where before the elite had mobile phones the Twenty first century brought cheaper versions of the original mobile phone. Eventually the phone became the most used piece of technology and form of communication in the history of the world. However, the phone that everyone uses today has lost its purpose, today because of the availability of the phone and the advancements in the phones technology the mobile phone could be more of a pest than a blessing. If we would only use our mobile phones for their original purpose we would see a change in our stress levels, the amount of sleep we get, our intelligence, and even our attitudes.
As cellphones have advanced, methods of communication beyond the standard phonecall have appeared on the devices as well, such as email support and SMS (Short Message Service, colloquially known as "texting"). With the introduction and increased proliferation of smartphones, defined by the Oxford Dictionary as "mobile phones [...] with an operating system capable of running downloaded applications"[1], an even greater variety of communication methods have developed using applications, some of which are creative and fun, and others which are geared toward fulfilling very specific professional or niche purposes.
The recent introduction of 3G mobile services in India have however brought in enhanced data and voice transmission and are welcome signs in the improvement in mobile communication technology. The essay deals in-depth with 3G wireless technology and the difference with its successors (3.5G and 4G) and predecessor (2G).
With the rapid development of communication networks, it is expected that fourth generation mobile systems will be launched within decades. Fourth generation (4G)
Imagine a day in 1800 when someone would have said that we can talk to people miles away we can see them over a device people would have mocked the person saying the person might have gone insane. But see a scenario in today’s world its quite common to people to not only talk but also see a person over mobile phone, no matter how far he is away. Mobile phone is a boon in itself. Mobile phones have really changed the way of communications. In recent years mobile phones have evolved significantly. While the very first cellular phones only provided functionality for conducting phone calls, nowadays provide a rich variety of functionalities. Additional hardware capabilities like new sensors (e.g. for location) and touch screens as new input
Today, the area which are growing and expanding the fastest in global telecommunications is mobile data. In order for us to keep up with the demand, we will have to be active in innovating new products to shape communications that will enhance the lives of our consumers and empower their businesses into the future.