The Importance Of Policy Options

destinations they value most". This is the next step in strengthening our position in Asia,

The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation was founded in 1989 with the aim to manage the growing interconnection and trade between the 21 members and to improve the economic and political links. The APEC is assisting to reduce the costs of importing and exporting goods between the Asia-Pacific countries. The members of the APEC include Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong-China, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, United States, and Vietnam. Together these nations improve the trade between the Asia-Pacific. China still remains Australia’s biggest trading partner. Since Australia’s trade links with the Asia-Pacific have grown, trade accounts for over 42% of the GDP (compared to only 32% in 1990 when relations with the Asia-Pacific were not as strong). Australian trade policies and agreements are focussed primarily on the Asia-Pacific region as eight of the largest export markets are found there. Australia has realised that the Asia-Pacific region is the most important area for trade as geographically it is close and it holds manufactured goods that Australia needs. Members of the APEC now hold over 70% of Australia’s total exporting and importing of goods and services. The rise of China’s influence on the world due to such advances in technology has influenced Australia to trade more with countries around the Asia-Pacific. Australia’s continued trading with the Asia-Pacific has helped to push Australia’s economic

Australia’s presence in the ANZUS and SEATO alliances has been very important in our past. The ANZUS agreement which involved Australia, New Zealand and The United States said that they would “*come to one another’s aid in the event of an attack*” (Retro Active 2 p166 paragraph 1). This was formed in 1951. The SEATO alliance (South-East Asia Collective Defense Treaty), which was the one our involvement in Vietnam was based around involved Australia, Britain, United States, France and New Zealand. They all agreed that they would help protect Laos, Cambodia,

The US-Australian alliance requires some explanation. At its basis, it pertains to the ANZUS treaty signed between Australia, New Zealand, and the

Another major aspect this limb deals with is that of Australia’s relationship with the United Nations and other major international organisations .

Though Australia is a powerful country and is considered a main player in the surrounding area yet it is does not hold a primary rank in the global environment. Australia's contribution in military interventions beyond the Asia Pacific is smaller and follows the lead of another country such as the United States. The Australian Defense Force (ADF) has the capability to tackle with the crises in its neighborhood, because of emergence of security concerns constantly from Indonesia and many other smaller states. Australia has adopted a strategy to support and strengthen the presence of United States in the region. This mutual cooperation is very important for Australia as regards economy and security. Its alliance with United States has been due to many reasons.

As Kelly Anderson’s Foreign Policy Analyst, the following memo will address three areas of the United States’ foreign policy. The U.S. has gone through may transition when it comes to its foreign policy. The United States has been an isolationist, neutralist, and internationalist country from the year it was founded to now. The executive branch and the president apply their power to influence and change the nation’s foreign policy. There are specific departments within the Executive Office of the President (EOP) created to assist the president in his or her process. Political context and historical events have occurred to prove why intervening with another country’s issues does not benefit the national interest and why isolationism is a better system for this country. Hopefully, the memo will accomplish informing what the foreign policy is, was, and should be.

In handling bilateral relationships, the Government often claims to have adopted an integrated approach taking into account the totality of Australian interests. But, a closer analyses of this claim reveals it would be almost impossible to meet the totality of Australia’s interests in any bilateral relationship and this is especially true of China which has such a different socio-political system. This close relationship continues to raise political questions for Australia to grapple with, such as her relations with Taiwan, Tibet and Chinese human rights issues. In some instances Australias interests will be confined mainly to trade and investment; in the more substantial bilateral relationships, the Government will implement comprehensive strategies

The U.S. and Australian alliance share an interest in maintaining the peace and stability in the Asian- Pacific

The 21st century has begun with one of the most challenge security threats to the United States of America have had to face. The perils of climate change have the ability to impact the national interest concerning power, prosperity and peace. The continued challenges around the world, and domestically, it is critical the US implements a comprehensive grand strategy. Cooperative security gives the US the best possibility to achieve the goals that will lessen the effects and place the US ahead of the international agenda. Combating climate change will require successful policies such as international climate pacts, collective-action and cap and trade initiatives. In the past, we have seen the US shy away from such accords worried about the

Australian-Indonesian relations are the foreign relations between the two countries, whether economically, politically, legally or socially. Australian-Indonesian relations involve an interaction in foreign policies between the two nations (Wolfsohn, 1951, p. 68). As long as Indonesia is Australia 's closest and largest neighbor, they are bound to have great international relations. These relations began as early as the 17th century and had only become enhanced with time (Daly, 2003, p. 397). The relationship has been defined by a conjoint growth trade of up to $14 between the years 2011-2012 which reports an increase from the previous economic year (Mark, 2012, p.402). These countries are members of various trade deals such as the ASEAN Regional Forum in addition to having close ties with education, defense, and leadership. Australia 's relationship with Indonesia is crucial, and lack of such could severely bruise the economy, and hence they need to keep united by ensuring the use of widespread media with beneficial input. Australia interacts with Indonesia in a way such as sporting activity, tourism, education, economic policies, youth exchange programs, cultures and above all their diplomacy (Okamoto, 2010, p.241).

Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is the pre-eminent economic rally in Australia’s region. APEC’s goal is to drive an extensive trade and investment liberalisation and facilitation agenda. It is focused on structural reform as a means of raising competitiveness and the efficiency of trade and investment flows. It has helped Australia with building and strengthening ties with other countries such as Brunei, Singapore, Philippines and other countries in the region. In 2009, 70% of Australia’s trade is with APEC countries.

Given the fact that China is now Australia 's largest two-way trading partner, should Australia -- particularly in view of the possible impact of China-ASEAN free-trade agreement on Australia 's trade with China – fast track its negotiations with China for a free trade agreement (FTA)? Write a policy report for the Australian Senate.

Australia and Japan. Once world war enemies, the two nation states’ relationship has grown considerably in the past 7 decades to become mutually invested economic and strategic partners. However, although there are numerous benefits to seeking a security alliance with Japan, both now and in the future, Australia should not seek such an arrangement. There are multiple reasons behind this strategy including Australia not taking a side in the rivalry between China and Japan and because the mutual security ally of both nations - the United States - provides them with an already-existing quasi-alliance. This essay will be utilising the following definitions from the oxford dictionary: 1) Security alliance defined as a formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for security purposes. 2) Remilitarisation is to re-equip with armed forces, military supplies, or the like. This essay will discuss the costs and benefits associated with Australia seeking a security alliance with the slowly remilitarising Japan and illustrate why such an arrangement is an attractive and viable option. First,

The development in the progress of China, India and Indonesia benefits Australia and contributes significantly to regional stability which extends opportunities for a successful and reciprocating business partnership instead of being aid dependent. Australia’s economical national interest is directly linked to the success, stability and peaceful interactions of its neighbours because these countries are also the first line of defence against many negative issues which could affect Australia (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2016c). If these states remain to be wealthy and stable, they will respond better to efficiently to threats and complications in trade. In order to benefit from the trading relationships with the neighbouring countries, Australia needs to take advantage of the international economic opportunities and ensure we are focused on advancing in global economic, financial, investment and trade institutions. A globally integrated economy is crucial due to the growth which can be gained from an open trading system and foreign direct investment which secures our position in the economically advancing countries of the world and our own financial welfare (Wong 2017).