How is it so that something as simple as a piece of steak can be turned into fuel for our bodies once it is consumed? It happens through this one system with many functioning parts known as the digestive system. When it comes to the human body the digestive system is very important. It gives our bodies the ability to process foods, extract the nutrients we need from the foods, and eliminate the wastes (smartlivingnetwork). Without these abilities our bodies wouldn’t be able to function. So what is the digestive system exactly? It is a complex series of organs that processes the food we eat. Altogether this system is about 6-9 meters of muscular tubes running from the mouth to the anus. According to Robert Sullivan, the organs of this …show more content…
Nucleases are enzymes that split nucleic acids into nucleotides and other products. Protease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of proteins. Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis if starch to sugar to produce carbohydrate derivatives. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the exocrine pancreas that catalyzes in the small intestine the breakdown of dietary proteins to peptones, peptides, and amino acids. Lipase is an enzyme that splits the fatty acid residue from the glycerol residue in a phospholipid. Collagenase catalyzes the hydrolysis of collagen and gelatin. Elastase catalyzes the digestion of elastic tissue. Chymotrypsin catalyzes the hydrolysis if casein and gelatin.
The Process of the Digestive System This complicated process begins in the mouth as soon as you put the food in your mouth. Salivary amylase, which is found in saliva, starts the chemical digestion of starch by converting it from a polysaccharide to the disaccharide maltose. It functions best with a pH 6 or 7 which is slightly acidic. It then enters the pharynx and travels down the esophagus and into the stomach. The stomach is lined with strong muscular walls that contain millions of gastric glands. Our food is mechanically digested by our stomach’s walls while its enzymes and acids chemically digest it. Just about everything then goes into the liver to be metabolized except for fats.
Digestion begins when food is eaten by your dog. Once swallowed, it begins its journey down the oesophagus into the stomach. This is where it will be broken down by hydrochloric acid into a liquid. The liquid will then pass into the small intestine. This is where the main part of the digestion takes place. Assisted by the liver and pancreas the nutrients
Digestion starts in mouth and it is going through several steps. Teeth which are a Mechanical digestion start tearing and crushing the food down into small pieces so that the food will smoothly run down our throat. The salivary glands are located underneath the back of our tongues and that’s what is creating our saliva. The saliva is the Chemical Digestion is helping soften the food in the mouth so it is easy to swallow. Also saliva is the first out of several chemicals that is breaking the food into smaller bits. The tongue is the muscle that works with the food and saliva to form something similar to balls that can be swallowed. Also tongue contains taste buds so that we know if the food is salt, sweet, sour or bitter. Esophangus is a simple transportation tube that is joining the throat with stomach. When swallowing we are closing a trap door in our throats called the epiglottis. By closing this trap we are preventing the food prom going to trachea and into our lungs. Also Food moves down the esophangus using muscles not gravity. Stomach is the first stop after the Esophangus. When the food gets into stomach the stomach uses chemicals to try to make the food smaller. These chemicals are called gastric juices and they include hydrochloric acid and enzymes. (Enzymes are
Digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by various cells within the body. The breakdown is initiated when food is ingested in the mouth and specific enzymes are exposed to components within the food molecules. Digestion begins in the mouth with mastication, or chewing, performed by the teeth. The purpose of chewing
The digestive system of a pig is classified as monogastric or non-ruminant, which is having a stomach with only a single compartment, like humans. In addition, the digestive tract of the pig has five main parts, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. Furthermore, the mechanical breakdown of the food begins upon the entrance of the mouth in the digestive tract. Basically, the food is grinded into smaller pieces by its teeth. Next, saliva is produced in the mouth, acting to moisten the small food particles, along with an enzyme that starts the digestion of the starch. Then, the food is pushed towards the esophagus with the help of the tongue. Primarily, the esophagus carries the food from the mouth to the stomach, being a tube, which is carried out with the help of a series of muscle contractions that push the food towards the stomach. Subsequently, after the first of the contractions, swallowing, has taken place, the cardiac valve, located at the end of the esophagus, prevents food from passing from the stomach back to the esophagus. Likewise, the stomach comes next in the digestive tract; it serves as a reaction chamber, adding chemicals to the food. Also, hydrochloric acid and enzymes help break down food into small particles of carbohydrates, protein, and fats. Additionally, some particles are absorbed into the bloodstream, from the stomach, while others cannot be absorbed by the stomach, being passed to the small intestine through the pyloric valve. Moreover, the small intestine aids
An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of reaction in certain biological functions. They play a vital role in many aspects of human physiology and are necessary for the functioning of a number of systems, for example in the digestive system to help to break down food. All enzymes have a unique active site that can fit on to a particular molecular arrangement on a target substrate; a substance e.g. carbohydrate, protein, or fat, that the enzyme is designed to breakdown. There are a number of different enzymes in the human body; each type produced specifically to perform a certain role. Enzymes are not themselves destroyed in the reaction to break down a
The process of digestion first begins in the mouth by in taking food (bolus). The teeth help with masticating (chewing and breaking food particles down) allowing for swallowing and increasing surface area for chemical digestion. Enzymes found in saliva also facilitates with the chemical break down of food primarily starches and fats. The food swallowed then enters into the esophagus (a tube connecting the mouth and stomach). Peristalsis helps the esophagus to push the food in the direction of the stomach. The stomach contents are highly acidic (doesn’t affect the stomach mucosa since cells secrete mucus allowing the stomach wall to be protected) with pH levels between 1.5-2.5 allowing microorganisms to be killed, breaking down of food, and activating digestive enzymes producing a thick substance known as chyme. However, breaking down of foods further occurs in the small intestine consisting of: bile created from the liver, enzymes formed from the small intestine, and the pancreas facilitate with further digestion as well as HCI denatures (unfolds proteins) allowing them to be available to attack by digestive enzymes (also responsible in breaking down the protein). The pyloric sphincter separates the stomach from the small intestine allowing the chime to drop into the small intestine. The small intestine is the primary site for
The digestive and excretory systems help the body with the wonderful task of food. The digestive system is composed of the stomach, mouth, liver, pancreas, and the large and small intestine. It digests food and provides the
Explain expediency and benefits of their intake and excretionThe digestion of carbohydrate begins in the mouth, and then the salivary gland moistens the food as the food is chewed. The salivary glands have an enzyme called amylase. The amylase is a catalyst that helps in the breakdown of polysaccharides Carbohydrate food. After eating the carbohydrate food into pieces with the help of amylase, it is swallowed to the stomach (chyme) through the oesophagus, at chyme, no digestion takes place. The salivary amylase stops action, and the stomach produces acid that destroys any bacteria. From the stomach, the chyme enters the small intestine (duodenum), the pancreas releases an enzyme called pancreatic amylase that helps in the splitting of polysaccharide into disaccharide. The small intestine t produces maltase, lactase, sucrose. These are enzymes that aids in splitting the disaccharides into monosaccharides.How did the carbohydrate, fats, and proteins differ in digestion process? Explain suitability and benefits of their intake and excretion. (Atoba, MA 1988) The intestinal bacteria help in digesting carbohydrates that refused to digest like other carbohydrates or excreted with faces.Example of carbohydrate foods are bread,Paste,
Food is digested by being broken down, by a variety of enzymes, into useful nutrients, which are transported around the body to places where they can be of use, and into waste products, which are excreted from the body. The digestive system is made up of a number of organs, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and small and large intestines, these are then separated into the digestive tract and the digestive organs. The digestive tract is, essentially, a single continuous tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus, in a fully grown adult it is approximately seven metres long. Food travels through the digestive tract and the digestive organs produce the enzymes and chemicals that are responsible for
Gastroschisis is a birth defect that prevents an infant’s abdominal wall from closing properly causing the intestines to stick out of a hole next to the umbilical cord1. Other abdominal organs may protrude out of the abdominal cavity as well, including the stomach and liver, and lack covering from the peritoneal membrane2. It is believed that gastroschisis takes place between the 4th and 8th week of development of the fetus2. Due to the lack of protective covering, the protruding intestines may become inflamed due to contact with amniotic fluid2. According to the CDC, almost 2000 babies a year are born in the United States with this abdominal wall defect3. Although the cause for gastrochisis is not clear, it is found to be most prevalent among mothers who smoke, who are younger than 20, or who are Hispanic among other factors2-5. The CDC states that the frequency of gastroschisis is increasing in the United States and the rates have doubled among African American Mothers4.Due to the nutrition-related complications associated with gastroschisis, it is important to review current research to inform better feeding practices.
The digestive system is the process that involves the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum. For the body to function, the body`s cells needs energy and that energy will come from the food we eat. All the food we eat contains nutrients, carbohydrates, glucose, lipids, protein and many more other substances. The only way the body can absorb and convert these nutrients into energy to our cells is through breaking down the large molecules into smaller pieces and moist by the action of enzymes.
The stomach is an expandable muscular sac that is capable of holding 2-4 liters of food and liquids and breaks them down with the use of pepsinogen, an inactive form pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme. If the stomach was damaged or dysfunctional, then it would be harder to gradually release food into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption and to digest the food because it is not as small or digested because the stomach also assists in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of the food as well as the killing of harmful bacteria due to the high acidic environment due to the hydrochloric acid. (Audesirk, T., & Audesirk, G. (1999). Retrieved November 21, 2015 from Chapter 29: Nutrition and Digestion. In Biology:
Enzymes are essential to the proper functioning of the human body. Enzymes are catalysts, which cause reactions to occur. The two primary classes of enzymes for maintaining life functions are digestive and metabolic enzymes. The primary digestive enzymes are classified as proteases, amylases and lipases. These enzymes can help breakdown food molecules. Metabolic enzymes are responsible for the repairing and structuring of every cell. Inadequate production of digestive enzymes can have a negative impact on the breakdown of food into the various nutrients our bodies require.
Get ready for the dangerous ride of a banana getting crushed, smashed, and absorbed through the digestive system. “Watch out for the involuntary muscles which they can’t even control and voluntary muscles they can control, but will still use thriving to help get our nutrients by crushing us.” everyone has always said but, that didn’t stop him. Once Banana was ripe enough the farmer has picked him. Banana thought is was chosen for an amusement park. because everyone else says it’ll be like a scary rollercoaster, he took it literally…
You use your mouth to chew your food, causing it to break down in pieces hence using the process of mechanical digestion, and you also use your mouth to form an enzyme known as amylase, or saliva which breaks down your food chemically, for instance when your saliva touches the bread from your sandwich it begins to form into sugars. Incase you did not know “enzymes are chemicals that are used to break down foods into other chemicals”. Saliva can also help you swallow the food by lubricating and “breaking down the complex carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates.”