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The Intelligence and National Security Architecture of the Republic of Korea

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This essay will detail the intelligence and national security architecture of the Republic of Korea (ROK - South Korea). It will discuss how the current structures were developed and the effectiveness the ROK services and agencies, and thirdly it will look at key events that have led to reforms and restructuring of the system, and if those changes have produced better outcomes.
In 1905 Korea became a protectorate of Imperial Japan following the Russo-Japanese war and in 1910 Japan annexed Korea as a colony. After the Japanese surrender to United States and allied forces in 1945 following the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Korea regained its independence from Japan, establishing a Republic of Korea (ROK) in the southern half …show more content…

This has fostered an environment in which the south has had to learn lessons and adapt quickly to survive.
Security and intelligence capabilities of the ROK consist of both civilian and military services. Agencies that come under the military command structure of the over-arching Ministry of National Security include the Coast Guard (including the former Civilian Marine Police Force), Defense Security Command (DSC) with its several subsidiary agencies, and the Homeland Defence Forces (Regional Combat Forces).
Civilian services include the Korean National Police agency (KNP), the ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (formerly known as the Ministry of the Interior) and the National Intelligence Service (NIS), (formerly the National Information Agency (NIA), formerly the Agency for National Security Planning (ANSP), formerly the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA). Also included in the civilian services is the Presidential Security Service.
The primary intelligence and security agency of the ROK is the NIS which is a cabinet-level agency that is directly accountable to the president. The NIS is the lead agency on intelligence gathering, analysis and dissemination of intelligence product and works with the support of other civilian and military services.
The NIS is an intelligence organization

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