This essay will detail the intelligence and national security architecture of the Republic of Korea (ROK - South Korea). It will discuss how the current structures were developed and the effectiveness the ROK services and agencies, and thirdly it will look at key events that have led to reforms and restructuring of the system, and if those changes have produced better outcomes.
In 1905 Korea became a protectorate of Imperial Japan following the Russo-Japanese war and in 1910 Japan annexed Korea as a colony. After the Japanese surrender to United States and allied forces in 1945 following the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Korea regained its independence from Japan, establishing a Republic of Korea (ROK) in the southern half
…show more content…
This has fostered an environment in which the south has had to learn lessons and adapt quickly to survive.
Security and intelligence capabilities of the ROK consist of both civilian and military services. Agencies that come under the military command structure of the over-arching Ministry of National Security include the Coast Guard (including the former Civilian Marine Police Force), Defense Security Command (DSC) with its several subsidiary agencies, and the Homeland Defence Forces (Regional Combat Forces).
Civilian services include the Korean National Police agency (KNP), the ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (formerly known as the Ministry of the Interior) and the National Intelligence Service (NIS), (formerly the National Information Agency (NIA), formerly the Agency for National Security Planning (ANSP), formerly the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA). Also included in the civilian services is the Presidential Security Service.
The primary intelligence and security agency of the ROK is the NIS which is a cabinet-level agency that is directly accountable to the president. The NIS is the lead agency on intelligence gathering, analysis and dissemination of intelligence product and works with the support of other civilian and military services.
The NIS is an intelligence organization
North Korea, formally known as the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a relic of the Cold War and the world’s last remaining totalitarian Stalinist dictatorship. Arguably the most secretive state in the world, North Korea poses a unique set of challenges to the world, especially to its democratic and capitalist neighbor, South Korea, formally known as the Republic of Korea (ROK). As one of the last remnants of the Cold War era, North Korea remains an anomaly of the international system due to its unpredictable nature and disregard for international norms. With the recent bombardment of the South Korean Island of Yeongpyong and the sinking of the warship Cheonan, tensions between the two Koreas are at the lowest point since
With laws that prove actions such as murder are illegal; all those who work within the uniformed public service attempt to prevent murder occurring in society and create a safer environment, and aiming to detain those who do go against the law ensuring they serve a correct sentence
The Department of Homeland Security is another branch containing federal law enforcement agencies. Some of DHS agencies are: United States Secret Service- which is responsible for apprehending anyone caught counterfeiting U.S. money. They are also responsible for the protection of other officials of the federal government and for protecting the president. Immigration and Customs Enforcement- enforces the flow of immigrants into the United States. INS agents deport aliens who break the United States naturalization laws. They are also responsible for the patrol of the United States border to stop illegal immigrants from entering the country. “In the 1990s, INS agents focused on the Mexican-U.S. border, where large numbers of illegal immigrants and huge amounts of illicit drugs entered the United States. INS agents arrest hundreds of thousands of illegal immigrants each year, but the number making it safely into the United States still exceeded the number arrested.” (The Nature of Police Work) Customs and Border Protection and Transportation Security Administration also fall under this agency.
This stipulation proves that the federal government expected a great need for protection against communism during this time. Another requirement was that one employee, either the Director of Central Intelligence, the deputy Director of Central Intelligence, or the Deputy Director of Central intelligence for Community Management must be a commissioned officer of the armed forces, or have experience with military intelligence. The intertwining of the military and intelligence services was necessary to fight Cold War communism, as it was not a war in the traditional sense, with battles, but the US still needed protection against spies and potential attacks. Also established by the National Security Act was a Counterintelligence Policy Board, which coordinated national intelligence programs to chart protect against foreign threats, designate resources to programs, and provide counterintelligence options to the president. The National Security Act as a whole demonstrates that intelligence services were then considered an integral part of national security. Intelligence centered-programs gained a large say in the safety of American ideals including democracy and capitalism as Soviet espionage became a major danger in the eyes of the federal
The Intelligence Community is a cooperative federation of sixteen separate United States government agencies that worked separately and together on matters of foreign relations and national security. One of these agencies is the Central Intelligence Agency which is to collect, analyze, evaluate, disseminate foreign intelligence to assist the President and senior US government policymakers in making decisions relating to national security. Therefore this paper will discuss Central Intelligence Agency history and the role it plays in combating acts of terrorism.
The most popular to be employed by are Homeland security, the Justice, Treasury and Defense Department, FBI,DEA and CSI. Homeland Security is the third largest department. They employ more than 180,00 federal agents. Homeland Security has twenty-two different agencies over the world to unify against terror. They have a great affect on other law enforcement. Homeland Security offers jobs in Customs Enforcement, Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. They also transfer function from the Department of the Treasury, Justice, Defense, FBI, Secret Service, Transportation, and U.S. Coast Guard. Many of the well known agencies have many different departments that often not known about them. They have different departments for the different needs of the the country. (Federal Government Jobs,2016)
Production of intelligence has change drastically since the Cold War. During the Cold War, the main intelligence gathering methods were mainly organized on the collection side, using SIGINT, IMINT, and HUMINT. Today we face a new enemy, where we must change our typical intelligence gathering methods. As we changed our methods,
In order to protect and advance U.S. national interests, while operating within the increasingly volatile environment on the Korean Peninsula, the United States must remain vigilant in deterring activities by the Kim Jung-un regime that threaten U.S. interests. Additionally, the DoD must remain
Nestled in the north peninsula of Korea in East Asia lies North Korea also referred to as The Peoples Republic of Korea and is divided into nine provinces. The nation has an extensive infrastructure, but not modernized and is underdeveloped. Communism consumes North Korea where isolationism and dictatorship are staples in the government. Every aspect of the nation is state regulated and laws are carried out diligently with serious reprisal for disobedience. North Korea prides itself on their military abilities and puts forth the interests of the military before anything. Despite severe food shortages, economic instability, and lack of electricity, North Korea is undeterred in their efforts to maintain the fourth largest military in the world.
The Defense Intelligence Agency is headquartered in Washington, D.C. on Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, with major operational activities at the Pentagon, at each Unified Combatant Command, as well as in more than a hundred U.S. Embassies around the world, where it deploys alongside other government partners (i.e. Central Intelligence Agency) and also operates the U.S. Defense Attaché Offices. Due to DIA's designation as a combat support agency, the agency has special responsibilities in meeting intelligence requirements specifically for the Secretary of Defense and the
The CIA is one of the U.S. foreign inteligency agencies, responsible for getting and analyzing information about foreign government, corporations, individuals, and reporting such information to the various branches of the U.S. government. The State Department 's Bureau or intelligence
The United States nuclear weapons complex is complicated and very large. Because of this, there are certain government agencies that help to regulate, or control, the nuclear weapons. Those agencies that have a role regarding the nation’s nuclear weapons are the Department of Energy (DOE), Department of Commerce, Homeland Security, Department of State (DOS), and most importantly, the Department of Defense (DOD) (whitehouse.gov).
After Japan was defeated by the allies in world war 2, it lost control of Korea. Korea was divided into two occupation
The Korean peninsula has been a volatile area since the end of World War II. Today it is the last example of a single nation divided between two states, represents the longest division of ideologies, and is the archetype of enduring Cold War symptoms. Although small in size, The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) has been the biggest obstacle to regional stability in Asia, its militant and hostile policies posing a threat not only to western aligned nations, but also to its former and present benefactors, Russia and China. This dangerous country represents a very important target for the United States’ Intelligence Community, an extremely difficult one to exploit, but one that cannot be ignored as North Korea’s ambitions
North Korea appears on the international stage as a country existing beyond the world we all know. It isolates its citizens from the rest of international community and does not obey any rules determined by international law, but requires respect and recognition. Moreover, North Korea is one of the countries that remains aggressive towards its neighbors and applies various terrorist techniques, i.e. illegal contraband, political terror and mass abductions of other countries’ citizens in its foreign policy. The reasons for which the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) behaves so unpredictably and irrationally are diversified. First of all, the DPRK as a country is managed very irrationally – regimes of Kim Il-sung and