Innovation It is imperative to distinguish between invention and innovation. An invention is the first appearance of an idea for a new product or process while innovation to attempt to put the new idea into practice. It is the transformation of an invention into a new product or process and its commercial and social exploitation. Thus, to turn an invention into an innovation, a firm, requires combining numerous types of knowledge, skills, capabilities, market knowledge, a properly functioning distribution system and sufficient finances. In a firm the sources of innovation can be both internal and external. The former includes research and development, design, tooling up and marketing while the later are capital goods and equipment, consultancy, licences and acquisition of patents and scientific literature
Schumpeter defines innovation as “new combinations” of existing resources. He called the work of combination “the entrepreneurial function” which is to be accomplished by entrepreneurs. One major reason for the invaluable role played by entrepreneurs to make sure that innovation gained ground was the widespread resistance to change in the society. Thus, the individual entrepreneur has to curve his position in the market so as to succeed in his venture. (Fagerberg 2006). The purpose of carrying out of new combinations of resources is to to facilitate: one, to introduction of a new good. The consumers are not yet familiar with this type of goods or the new quality of the
There are various internal and external factors that can influence the development of innovations positively or negatively. External factors may include firm size, market structure, degree of industry concentration, and macroeconomic factors. Size of the firm tend to be more positive related to innovation in manufacturing and profit-making organizations as compared to non-profit making organization, and relationship that involves size and innovation will become stronger if a non-personnel or a long transformation measure of size has been applied, as compared to application of a personnel or a raw measure of size. Depending on the competition within the market for example a positive competition with favorable atmosphere, the firm will be successful in its kind of innovation. The way industries have been structured and how they change over time may have effect to the innovation among organizations. Their standards, the institutional setting and the process of liberalization and privatization also affect innovation.
Innovation: The organization has to maintain continues research and development on the products of the company to obtain the best output.
Alongside the entrepreneur spirit, Innovation is the process of taking new ideas and implementing them into the market. Key word being “new”, an innovation can be sometimes viewed as the application to better solutions that meet new demand-requirements, inarticulated needs or existing market needs. Innovative ideas range from: goods, services, products, processes, services, technologies or ideas that create value for which customers will pay for. For an idea to be an innovation, it must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. This means is that one must be ready and willing put their new idea to the test. On the other hand, there is recognition that “innovation is also critical to cultural, environmental, social, and artistic progress as well” (Bullinger, 2006). With this stated, high-tech innovation is ultimately the reason why we can be thankful for the many new conveniences of the 21st century. Although we might see the forefront of innovation being very prominent in today’s world, innovation is truly nothing new. From the start of modern man times, innovative ideas have paved the way for civilization to advance and develop into what we are today and at the same time, we have barely begin to chip away at the tip of the iceberg of our true human potential. Some scholars believe that innovation is a
I believe that innovation is the process of examining a new and different method that cause one internally and/or spiritually look at something as you have never seen it before, and the creation of a new meaning to the way that we relate to and interact with people, the environment, health, and nursing.
He has been a major thinker in promoting innovation to many businesses through speeches, teachings, and books. Mr. Drucker identified 7 sources of innovative opportunity in his book “Innovation and Entrepreneurship” (Incremental Innovation, 2012). The seven sources identified are: 1. the unexpected; 2. incongruities; 3. process needs; 4. changes in the industry and market structure; 5. new knowledge; 6. demographics; 7. change in perception (Incremental Innovation, 2012). Many companies have researched countless hours on where innovation originates from, and understanding this truly helps to create an environment that recognizes
Another major challenges of any technological industry is R&D and capital expenditures, the R&D and capital expenditures cost is more than innovative output (Fritsch and Franke, 2004). For this organizations have been progressively prompted perform cooperative R&D to establish technological collaboration. For industries to sustain in market they often requires knowledge beyond organizations boundaries in order to overcome the existing technological base and dynamics, which requires innovation to create innovative technologies to compete against other industries to sustain in the market, industries think “two heads are better than one”, Some tasks may be accomplished more easily by two entities working together than by one working alone. So industries are collaborating to develop variety of products, which leads to the business success. The speed of change, particularly as businesses look to move into new areas in tough times, mean that the industries must invest more in creative-focused R&D, and look to exploit existing strengths through new business.
Furthermore, the true significance of disruptive technology even in Christensen's conception of it is not its displacing of established products. Rather, it is a great means for enlarging and broadening markets and providing new functionality. And according to Utterbacks’ explanation: “The degree to which the market was expanded by the innovation seemed to be the strongest factor favouring new entrants”, a possible conclusion might be that this leads to a never-ending circle.
“The Innovator’s Dilemma” describes Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation. But, his theory isn’t essentially briefed as one would assume. Her opinion is that case studies (like disk-drive industry) were chosen by the author to demonstrate his perception, as well as subjectively distinct success metrics.
Technological change is a fundamental driver of economic development and performance, not only at the level of firms and industries but also economies. Innovation is the organizational process through which new
Innovation is the process of using ideas within a company to create new products, services, technology, or processes. Myths used to acknowledge that innovation was the idea of one individual with no support from others. In reality, innovative ideas that become new products and services require the support and knowledge of a significant amount of individuals. The individuals involved in the innovation process become involved in an array of business functions ranging from manufacturing, marketing, sales, and distribution. Companies will
According to the report from the USPTO, there are totally 576,763 patent applications in 2012. (1) Every single patient required the patient to make the engineering drawing to show how does the work looks like, then produce it and keep one testing and upgrading before sending the application to the government. Once they pass the application, probably they won’t be worried about the future living anymore. When the inventor got an idea, the very first step he may want to do is draw it out. He will use the picture to show his work’s shape, the motion, the details and the materials. Since the beginning of creating an invention, make an engineering drawing is so important. There are so many great inventions in the world, but before they come
Tidd and Bessant (2009) argued that “Unless an organization is able to move into further innovation, it risks being left behind as others take the lead in changing their offerings, their operational processes or the underlying models that drive their business”.
Innovation is essential to firms if they want to maintain competitive advantage, fulfill customer 's needs, wants, and expectations and perform well in the market. It 's important for firms to know how to identify innovative opportunities such as developing a new product or transforming existing products into new product development. “Innovation is the multi-stage process whereby organizations transform ideas into new/improved products, services or processes, in order to advance, compete and differentiate themselves successfully in their marketplace” (Baregheh, Rowley, & Sambrook, 2009, p. 1334). In order for a firm to be successful in new product development they must take into account that this development is divided into five critical stages. The process begins with stage one idea
The second stage is selection. It is well known fact that innovation is risky. In order not to fail, firm has to thoroughly assess the opportunities, so innovation will be held within the frame of company’s technological and marketing competences and will be coherent with overall business strategy (Tidd, J., Bessant, J., 2009). There are three components in this phase. The first component comes from previous stage and implies the analysis of opportunities, both marketing and technological, procurable for the firm. The second component includes the distinctive features company possesses, which are knowledge base, employees, equipment and experience (Prahalad, C., Hamel, G., 1990). The third component is suitability to the overall business strategy. This implies the fact that proposed innovation should be beneficial for firm’s performance, in other words, be in company’s competence base, otherwise it could lead to the failure (Cooper, R., 2000).
Innovation offers the companies a competitive advantage. Presently and within the future, more than any time in history, the key to competitive advantage is innovation. However innovation will facilitate businesses meet all of their strategic challenges, not simply competition; to illustrate, in confronting accelerating rates of change, globalization, apace advancing technology, a additional numerous workforce, associated a modification from an industrial to a knowledge-based economy. Meeting all of those challenges helps the firm attain competitiveness, and meeting these challenges suitably depends on innovation. Innovation allows a firm to workout its challenges in distinctive ways in which build competitive advantage either through relative differentiation, a relative low-priced position, or few acceptable level of each. Innovation cannot assure success, however success cannot be achieved within the end of the day without it.