The Long, Bitter Trail, Andrew Jackson And The Indians Essay

government has unspecified and unorganized policies, which were unprotected for Native Americans who lived in the west because of all the new coming Americans. During westward expansion, a majority of who moved were whites, who didn’t know the Native Americans who already lived in the west. The Natives felt their land was being conquered, because of the U.S government policies(Louisana Purchase & Homestead Act) and the whites not wanting them to be there, which lead to fighting between the Natives and the whites. These acts and policies such as the Indian Removal Act often resulted in violated treaties and violence. The Indian Removal Act was the removal of Native American homes and tribes. “This also confines the Indians to still narrower limits, destroys that game which in their normal state, and constitutes their principal means of subsistence.” Resulting in westward expansion, Native Americans began rapidly decreasing in the area by wars and new diseases caught by new coming

Another cause for poor relations between Native Americans and European Settlers was the constant push for acquiring new land by the Colonists. The Native Americans did not just want to give up their land and this resulted in war between the Indians and the Colonists. During this time Native Americans were sold into slavery belittled and removed from their land, due to the fact that the Colonists had more advanced technology and weapons. One of the major wars was the French and Indian War which resulted in the removal of Native Americans from their land and many casualties on both sides. Over time many battles were fought over land, even after America was an established country with presidents, laws, and court systems. Native Americans were continually pushed out of their land for hundreds of years while they were forced to move west. The constant push of Native Americans out of their land would cause an event known as the Trail of Tears where thousands of Indians were removed from their land by the Indian Removal Act. “In 1830 the Congress of the United States passed the "Indian Removal Act." Although many Americans were against the act, most notably Tennessee Congressman Davy Crockett, it passed anyway. President Jackson quickly signed the bill into law. The Cherokees attempted to fight removal legally by challenging the removal laws in the Supreme Court and by establishing an

Throughout America’s History Native Americans have had their land taken away from them. This started with the Europeans landing in America with Native Americans, claiming they conquered the Americas. This was all allowed by the doctrine of discovery, that allowed European Christians to claim land if documented first (Meyers). Columbus and his crew took the claim of discovering the Americas, also labeling the Natives as Indians because he believed he landed in India. Europeans brought of countless diseases such as bubonic plague, chicken pox, pneumonic plague, cholera, diphtheria, influenza, measles, scarlet fever, smallpox, typhus, tuberculosis, and whooping cough (Ojibwa).This caused countless Natives to die because they had no immunity to these diseases. Next one of the first treaties were broken which cause the Native Americans to endure a great journey and travel countless miles to their new land known as The Trail of Tears. The Trail of Tears was a part of Andrew Jackson 's Indian Removal policy, which made 15,000 Cherokees up and leave their land because whites wanted their land(Historical Documents: The Trail of Tears). During this journey, 4,000 out of the 15,000 Cherokee’s died because of lack of food, exhaustion,and diseases(Historical Documents:The Trail of Tears). The continuing mistreatment of Natives has not ended, it is still going on today.

The Indian Removal Act, inspired by Andrew Jackson; the 7th president of the US and the enhanced ambition for American settlers to find more land in the southwestern regions of North America. The Indian Removal Act enabled Jackson the power of negotiating removal treaties with Indian tribes east of the Mississippi. Among these tribes were: Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaws and Seminoles. Very few authenticated traits were signed. The Choctaws were the only tribe to agree without any issues. All other attempts resulted in War and blood shed for both white settlers and Indians. The conflict with the U.S. and Indians lasted up until 1837. In 1838 & 1839 Jackson forced the relocation of the remaining Cherokee Indians;

In 1492 native Americans discovered illegal immigrants invading their country. It has been a downhill fight for natives ever since. As more settlers arrived on the East Coast, an attitude became prevalent within the European communities that it was their right to expand cities across America in the name of progress and economic development. The manifest destiny was more of a feeling rather than a written statement which lasted from the War of 1812 to the beginning of the American Civil War. The idea of expansion grew, especially by those who wanted to capitalize on agriculture in the United States. Native Americans occupied land in Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina, Florida and Tennessee. These lands became more valuable to the white settlers as the production of cotton became more popular in the South. As the idea of a manifest destiny grew, so did the idea to remove Natives, which led up to the “Trail of Tears” through the Indian Removal Act of 1830, a final solution to the Indian problem. The United States government removed the five civilized Tribes, Cherokee, Muskogee, Seminole, Chickasaw and Choctaw Nations between 1830 and 1838. The Native Americans being relocated suffered from inhuman conditions such as disease and starvation while traveling to their final destination, a designated area west of the Mississippi River. The events leading to this final march into the Indian Territories and the atrocities

With the Natives allyless, the United States was able to expanded westward with little opposition. As settlers began to inhabit the Louisiana Purchase, they pushed Natives closer towards the Pacific Ocean. On May 28, 1830, the Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson. This act gave the president power to negotiate with Natives tribes in the east for their land in exchange for federal lands west of the Mississippi River that was designated as Indian Territory in present day Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri, Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, and the Dakotas “(Indian Territory, 1854:). The act paved way for the event known as the Trail of Tears which lasted two

Not many people knew that the process that was carried out by the Jackson administration disrupted the agreements made by Congress that authorized the removal. Historians often misunderstand and misinterpret the requirements of this law. For example a writer in 1830’s claimed that the United States Congress passed a ruling authorizing use of the military force to require the relocation of all native people east of the Mississippi River. The Indian Removal Act passed by Congress in 1830 neither authorized the individual repeal of treaties guaranteeing Native American land rights within the states, nor the forced relocation of the eastern Indians. Yet both occurred, on a massive scale, during and immediately following Andrew Jackson’s administration and were the result, not of an explicit congressional authorization, but of an abuse of presidential

The early 1800s was a time of great expansion in the United States, stemming largely from the purchase of the Louisiana territory from France in 1803. These lands, however, were inhabited by what is known as the “Five Civilized Tribes” of Native Americans, the Creek, Choctaw, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and Seminole nations. They were called “Civilized,” in particular, because they had implemented writing systems, many were fully literate, had schools, and learned English. These tribes were more assimilated than any others had been, and were considered still savages by Anglo Americans. The occupation of these lands led to a policy of removal, beginning in 1830, that aimed to “separate the [Native Americans] from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions” (Jackson 1829). In other

The United States expanded rapidly in the years immediately prior to and during the Jackson Presidency as settlers of European descent began to move west of their traditional territories. White settlers were highly interested in gaining Native American land and urged the federal government to allow them to obtain it. President Andrew Jackson encouraged Congress to pass the Indian Removal Act in 1830, which gave the federal government the authority to move consenting eastern Native American tribes west of the Mississippi River. It has been debated whether the Indian Removal Act benefitted or harmed the welfare of Native Americans, and it can be argued that the Indian Removal Act of 1830 had an extremely negative impact on the eastern Native

During the ninetieth century the United States began a policy to remove Indians in the lands east of the Mississippi. Under the Indian Removal Act of 1830 Indians were forced to give up their lands east of the Mississippi and forced to move west of the Mississippi. Indian removal did not actually begin there. Prior to the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the United States used treaties and other means to remove Indians from lands that white settlers wanted or moved into. Aside from treaties the United States waged wars on Indians that refused to leave their lands peacefully.

In the 1830’s America was expanding its border and completing manifest destiny. The one thing standing in the way of Americans moving west was the Native Americans. President Andrew Jackson had a dilemma on his hands. Jackson wanted to create a plan that would make everyone happy. But in the end, Jackson had the Native American removed from their land and led to the “Trail of Tears” where many Native Americans would lose their lives. Looking at the articles by F.P Prucha, Mary E. Young and Alfred A. Cave each one says that the Indians needed to be removed from their land for a different reason.

When Andrew Jackson was leading the native Americans to their new home. The native Americans didn’t want to move to their new home because they had memories left behind and because they have been living there for a long time that they didn’t want to leave there scorcher behind. When Andrew Jackson was helping them move he was doing it for good not bad. If the natives Americans didn’t leave the would have to obey the laws and they don’t want that.

A summary comparison of views regarding the Indian Removal Act of 1830, Was it an act of humanitarianism intended to help and save the Native American culture from the white settlers, as Robert V. Remini has argued? Or was his intent to destroy the tribal culture and to get rid of the Native Americans, as Anthony F.C Wallace has argued?

Struggling through life’s difficulties, Andrew Jackson was an extraordinary leader that was able to overcome his struggles and inspire many people. Many historians and laymen look down upon President Jackson for his role in the Trail of Tears, yet many overlook the incredible leadership skills he had. The first leadership skill he was the ability to maintain order of his men. The next important leadership skill he had was.

Since the Europeans first arrived in North America, there has been continuous animosity between the invading white settlers and the native population. However, it would not be until after the end of the War of 1812 that the United States government would take a much more forward approach to the removal of Native Americans from prime frontier lands. The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and the 1814 Treaty of Ghent essentially removed British and French powers from the American territory. These foreign powers, especially the British, had acted as a protective force for the Natives. With the British gone, American settlers were free to expand further into the mainland. The wave of aggressive American nationalism which ensued saw the Native Americans as an obstacle to be removed. In 1830, under the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Indian Removal Act gave the government the authority to forcibly remove Natives from their ancestral homelands, if necessary, and relocate them to small, concentrated plots of land called reservations. More than that, the Indian Removal Act provided an example of “American imperialism during the Jacksonian Era,” displaying the “determination to expand geographically and economically” and the overall willingness to impose “an alien will upon subject peoples” while “commandeering their resources.” Between the years of 1830 and 1840, the United States government displaced over 70,000 Native Americans. Feelings of enmity grew as white settlers continued to