Examining the Origins of the Percussion Family
To get a clear view of the origins of the percussion family, one should first have to the ability to classify the plethora of instruments. For the sake of this document we will use the broad classification of Janissary instruments and non-Janissary instruments. The Janissary instruments find their roots in the Turkish military bands of the Ottoman Empire. The term Janissary refers to the Turkish Yeñi-çeri, or “new troops”. Sultan Orkhan I, of the Ottoman Empire, created The Janissaries, but his successor, Murad I, officially established the corps circa 1360’s CE. They were originally an elite corps of troops made up of the Sultan’s loyal slaves. The corps eventually picked up the use of
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This is most likely the influence of the Crusades that would have brought Arabic culture, albeit in a violent way, to Europe.
Timpani, as aforementioned, hold an intrinsically military tradition. Because of its use in the Turkish armies, the Europe borrowed the instrument in its armies. These influences can be seen in the earliest uses of timpani. The timpani that were taken from the Arabs were made into an essential element of prestige for the nobility. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries both trumpeters and kettle drummer were restricted to only those of high rank or nobility. This lead to the creation of an exclusive guild to train the instrumentalists. This lead to a surplus of players, especially after the last failed Siege of Vienna in 1683 CE. Due to this surplus, the Classical period, when timpani were used on a regular basis, began to use timpani in a limited fashion. In combination with the trumpets, the timpani mostly played rhythmically driving music. This is best observed in Handel’s Messiah. During the Hallelujah Chorus the trumpets and timpani can be easily heard playing the same material. This pairing is not coincidental, both instruments had a high amount of military background during the time of Handel. So, the pairing would have observed that military tradition, but this military tradition followed the Eastern custom of pairing trumpet with timpani. It is important to note that this trend among the Classical composers to use timpani
The conversion of Africa to Islam is known as one of the most important transformations of precolonial Africa. The spread of Islam in Africa can be credited to its regard for neighborhood societies. Muslims didn't drive Africans to change over to Islam and endured changes over joining components of indigenous religions with Islam. The Arabs additionally brought training and set up great focuses of learning in Cairo and Timbuktu. The feeling of fellowship between Muslims likewise fit well with the African feeling of group, and their faith in tending to the less lucky has affected various African people group. The spread of Islam also led to Swahili Urban Development, State Formation and an overall new way of life.
We see that in the seventh and eighth century the Islamic forces went through Italy, Spain, and France. Spreading Islam from Saudi Arabia to the Christian North Africa. We see that the Muslim armies
Boom-bara- boom-boom- bara-boom-boom- bara-boom-boom-click-click. The sound of the drums is incredible, what captures everyone 's attention is the sense you have when you hear the rhythm and beat of any song. Music is a big part of my life and my culture. Mexican American culture demonstrates that I am someone who was born in Mexico but lives in America. I had no clue of my culture until I was about 10 years old. When I was growing up I always thought that I was born here but it seems that I wasn 't so I had to understand who I was and where I came from. Its interesting how I discovered the Mexican Culture because I found my culture through the music that I would listen to. Mexican Culture demonstrates a great amount of unity in families when music is presented. Any type of Spanish music connects Mexicans with their family, community, and culture and it influences many families to cherish the value of their culture even more.
The Ottoman Empire continued its impact on civilization making strides in art and in music. Because of the Ottoman empire, the percussion instruments were added to further shape the orchestral sound. Cymbals, kettle drum, bells and the side drum were all copied from their use in Ottoman music. Even today, the baton used by drum majors in parades can
The African beats, the wind instruments and the rhythms that have been passed down through the
In the era of Turkish music, The Janissary bands was considered to be the one of the best military marching band in the world. It was a instrumentalist band that mentioned in the Orhun Inscriptions, which are to be the oldest written sources of Turkish history, from 8th century. They will not mentions as bands until the 13th century. And the rest of Europe borrowed the military marching bands from Turkey from 16th century onwards. Turkish influence on Western Classical Music. Relations between Turkey and the rest of Europe can be traced back. The first type of musical Orientalism was Turkish Style. European musician and compoer classical in the era of 18th century was fascinated by Turkish Music. Western influence oon Turkish Classical music. When European military bands introduced in 18th century, there were reciprocal influence emerged in 19th century form of the European of the ottoman army band. In 1827, Giuseppe Donizetti was the elder brother that renowed in Italian Opera composer Gaetano Donizetti, was invited to become one of the Master of Music to Sultan Mahmud
The documentary starts by explaining that by the 9th century North Africa and Spain were in the hands of Muslim rulers. Under Muslim rule in Toledo, Spain were Jews who flourished in the area. The Jews followed the conquest of Islam through North Africa and Spain. On the continent of Europe the three Abrahamic religions met. The Jewish people would transform Europe and be transformed themselves. Alhambra of Granada, the Moorish palace in Southern Spain was described as beautiful with pleasure gardens and trees of all kinds. The Muslim and Jewish people were brought together for their love of art, knowledge, music, poetry, and philosophy. This era is known as the Golden Age.
Turquerie was the Orientalist fashion that arose during 16th to 18th century in Western Europe. It is a ‘French term used to describe artifacts made in Turkey, or in France by Turkish craftsmen, and by derivation the influence on French design of elements from the Byzantine Empire, the Saljuq Islamic period and the Ottoman Empire.’ 1 In music, the influence of Turkish culture in European society also spurred composers like Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven to write music with the used of Alla Turca style in 18th century. Alla Turca was being referred to the ‘Turkish music’, however it is not purely music of Turkey but rather as a musical style. The authenticity of the westernized ‘Turkish music’ is one of the exoticism issues which has been
The instrumentation of Divahn reflected several cultures. Middle Eastern music uses stringed instruments, and Divahn incorporated a violin and a cello into their performance. The singer occasionally used a guitar as well. The string players played the instruments in a western fashion, demonstrating the western influences on the group. There were also two musicians who played percussion instruments. The first played a sort of conga drum, reflecting a Latin percussion influence, although there were only two drums instead of three. The second played an instrument that appeared to be a tabla, which demonstrates an Indian percussion influence. The latter percussionist played the tabla in a similar fashion to
Most instruments were originated in Egypt and have unique features that have changed over time. This article was helpful because it summarized the history of important instruments and presented facts I was not aware of. Before I read this article I had a fair understanding of the history of musical instruments in ancient Egypt. The article helped clarify my understanding of the role the instruments played in their lives and taught me more about the
The Islamic prophet Muhammad founded Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. The resulting unified polity in the 7th and 8th centuries led to a rapid expansion of Arab power and influence to the northwest Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, southern Italy, the Iberian peninsula, and the Pyrenees.[12][13][14] Tolerance, trade, and political relationships between the Arabs and the Christian states of Europe waxed
Music in Ancient Greece was well integrated in their society, it played a large role in various ceremonies from marriages to funerals, as well as entertainment like plays or epic poetry. Although it is believed that music was invented in Africa over 55,000 years ago, music really began and took shape in Ancient Greece. Even the word music came from the Greek word muses who were believed to be the daughters of Zeus and were the patron Goddesses of creativity. There are many references to music in ancient Greece, from drawings on pottery of people playing, as well as literary works that even describe how the instruments sounded. Speaking of instruments, in addition to the voice being used as one, there are several instruments that are known to have existed in Ancient Greece, a few different string instruments including a lyre, a kithara (which is believed to be the ancient equivalent of a guitar), and a barbitos, which is a taller version of a lyre. They also had several wind type instruments including and aulos, pan pipes, a hydraulis (which eventually led to the modern day organ), as well as a salpinx, which was an ancient type of trumpet with a bone mouthpiece that was the origin of the many brass instruments that we know of today. Finally, we also know of several percussion instruments that were used by the ancient Greeks, these include a tympanum, which was like a tambourine, a crotala, and a koudounia. Music was actually one of the main teachings, along with gymnastics
Most of time, translating was done in Spain. As the result, cultural crossroads joining in Western Europe and medieval Islam. After the Christian re-conquest of Spain increased cultural and intellectual contact with Islamic world and make Arabic works available to scientists and scholars in Western Europe.
Arabs never used force to invite people from other religions into their sect. some embraced Islam in the reign of Holy Prophet P.B.U.H while many are converters. Arabic language is a common language of this religion. Arabians were living in
The Romans were not the most innovative of ancient cultures when it came to music, as it wasn’t held to the same importance in Rome as it was in other cultures. Regardless, the Romans did very much enjoy music and admire its use in other cultures. And so, instead of creating a Roman version of music, they borrowed the musical instruments and musical theory from those other cultures. One of them was Etruscans. Though the fact that the Etruscans had an impact on music in Rome is known, the magnitude of that impact is unknown, but instruments used in Roman life such as the tuba and the cornu are believed to have been borrowed from the Etruscans. However, it was the Greeks that had the greatest influence on Roman music. A multitude of instruments used