One of the most heavily debated aspects of abuse when it comes to child-rearing is defining what abuse is relative to the cultural traditions of a society. More particularly, these cultural-specific patterns of child-rearing have been one of the most controversial topics in terms of child abuse because what might seem as abusive for some cultures might not exactly be seen as such in another (Bornstein, 1991). A good example of this type of duality would be the difference between Western and Eastern Standards of child rearing and control. In the United States, spanking and badmouthing is considered to be abusive in the sense that policies have even been established to mitigate these behaviors from the parents. However, in countries like the Philippines, Vietnam, and China, among others, spanking and use of bad words are considered to be normal as long as it is within acceptable limits (e.g. not inflicting grave injuries and permanent marks). Nevertheless, contrary to what the western perspective thinks about the use of intense physical and verbal means of rearing the child, children in the East are not exactly those how would experience psychological abuse or other types of emotional repercussions, because in the first place they know exactly what the is the purpose of acts like this. Now, this poses the question, if child rearing is relative, what would be considered as abusive and not, especially in terms of the verbal and psychological aspects of it. According to Pingleton
The highest concern for the article is identifying and treating child abuse, and survivors with a given respect to different cultures. It is important to understand that every culture is different in handling the treatment of their children. “If identifications and interventions with these families and their children are to be appropriate and successful, professionals must communicate effectively with one another and be consistent in the messages they are giving to the families” (Westby, 2007).
Among Vietnamese families is to tie a misbehaving child 's ear to a doorknob as punishment.in some other culture a child could be beaten/whip and physical injury inflicted as a means of discipline. To them their action is normal based on their cultural believe. (Mclntyre et al 1992) The American middle-class culture is one of the few that uses positive reinforcement procedures while limiting punishment when deemed necessary, a mild, spanking may be administered, although a more frequent practice is to isolate the misbehaving child, withdrawing love and affection for a period of time (Mclntyre et al 1992). These majority culture parents perceive their methods as being more humane than those that incorporate physical punishment. However, other cultural/ethnic groups often view the dominant culture style as being crueler. (Mclntyre et al 1992). While some culturally diverse guardians may use quickly administered physical punishment, they would never hint at an emotional separation from their progeny that might create feelings of rejection in the child. (Mclntyre et al 1992)
Today, the definition of child abuse has undergone many changes in just the last couple decades. Middle aged people today (40 to 50 year olds) remember times as children when they were spanked with belts or even made to pick out their own switch for punishment. For today’s child, most punishment has become a limiting of what adults consider privileges, i.e. phone or internet use, etc… Our punishment of the past is considered to be abusive by current standards,
The main idea and subject of this article is that parents with unjust harsh punishment techniques cause present and future issues for their children. The article discusses poverty stricken families have harsher techniques in parenting when compared to middle and higher classes. “...parents who live in poverty treat their children harshly more often, researchers say” (Inquirer 1). These punishments may have more than just some tears or a temporary wound. “When parents are too consistently harsh, their children's brains release stress chemicals…these chemicals are released when a person is in danger. These chemicals are toxic, or poisonous, to developing brains.
One reason may be that these adults believe that frequent experience with corporal punishment in childhood, beatings, was normal. Kadushin and Martin (1981) found that nearly every report of child abuse was precipitated by a behavior in the child that the parent felt called for disciplinary action. Therefore, in part, this appears to be related to cultural acceptance of violence (Hilberman 1980), but it also implies an identification with the parent’s views on corporal punishment. In one investigation (Kotelchuk 1982), parents were asked to describe their childhood experience. Investigators coding the descriptions were far more likely than parents to consider the experiences to have been abusive, on the other hand, parents’ responses to a direct question about having been abused were not related to punitive treatment of their children. Though there has been a tremendous amount of research done on this subject I believe that it is important to continue to research this with the hope of finding a reason for this abuse and putting an end to it. For this reason I propose to conduct a longitudinal experiment to determine whether children who are abused grow up to display the same abusive behavior with their children. Method The experimental group will consist of subjects who were previously abused now seeking counseling for emotional assistance. They will be randomly selected from a study of 347 families from lower income backgrounds. The children involved
Charlotte and Vidding (2014) represented a few compelling components that touch off physical misuse; The guardian or abuser's primitive adolescence, whether the abuser was frequently mishandled as a kid, and family stretch, for example, control or crumbling of the center family and its inborn or natural supporting frameworks has been recognized to be connected with child abuse. What's more, certain group states of mind may empower kid misuse by allowing the physical discipline of a youngster and utilization of viciousness ( Maikovic, 2008 ). Moreover, as indicated by details made by the World Wellbeing Association (2008) populace based studies in regards to local misuse and kid abuse up to the accompanying date has come chiefly from the western nations . Existing information guarantee that the predominance rate of child viciousness in poor or low salary nations are sixty percent more prominent than those in higher pay nations, and that Thailand in the Southeast Asia area drives the rates in tyke abuse around the world, therefore there is a solid positive connection between's money related strictness and this kind of
2) When discussing child-rearing philosophies and economic with social factors that give to prevalence of child abuse in the US, of today’s views. Everyone has their own opinion and belief on how a child should be raised and disciplined. With child rearing, some parents just “take it too far”, when disciplining their child. It is very saddening to see history repeat itself when a parent is victim of abuse themselves. A parent may not know the difference between punishment and abuse. When I was raised in my parents’ home, it was considered punishment for committing a wrongdoing. I either cleaned something, got spanked, hit upside the head, room was torn apart and had an hour to put it in order or else more punishments. The household consist
Approximately 45% of my life consisted of “spanking” or “punishment”. In today’s society, those actions are now considered child abuse and mistreatment. In 2014, state agencies identified an estimated 1,580 children who died as a result of abuse and neglect between four and five children a day (https://www.childhelp.org). Physical child abuse is one of the most common abuses we see today, but child abuse can also be emotional, sexual, or even neglect towards the child. Child abuse or mistreatment can cause emotional distress, use of drugs and alcohol, and changes in behavior from the child.
It is sad to say but still very true. Before this upcoming generation of kids, spanking was okay and not as frowned upon as it is in today’s world. There was even physical discipline in the schools back then but now there is nothing but detention after school hours. Emotional abuse has one of the greatest affects on a child’s behavior. Signs that show that a child has been emotional abused is when they behave inappropriately or have developmental delays in speech and or social interactions. A child’s behavior is predisposed by family, culture and environment (Khalid). As children grow up the people they look up to are their parents. The parents play a major role in how their child will behave in certain situations. For example; if a child gets yelled at by a parent that they are stupid, more than likely they are going to take that word that is being used into their everyday activities while socializing with other kids. Being in a household that is abusive can put the child at risk for being overly aggressive not just to themselves but also to others that they surround their lives with. Almost one in ten American children saw one family member assault another family member, and more than 25 percent had been exposed to family violence during their life (Facts about Children and Violence). With rates like these there is no wonder why many children act the way they do. Being brought up in a
The lack of knowledge that most school counselors possess regarding child abuse and culturally differences in childrearing or punishment practices, creates a ground for misjudging the appropriateness of parental practices in a certain cultural (Project, 2013). School counselors who observe different disciplinary practices of an unfamiliar culture may find themselves viewing culturally different practices as being abusive, for example coining by Asian Americans, whipping by African American, or cupping by East Asians. This would mean that use of culturally diverse childrearing practices places parents at greater risk for being reported to agencies in charge of handling abuse and neglect reports (Brown, 2008). A family may use corporal punishment
Child abuse is a serious social issue that needs awareness. Two major forms abuse are sexual and physical. Verbal abuse is a form of abuse however it is hard to prove. Physical abuse is when an adult intentionally or unintentionally inflicting or harms a child. Using force such as kicking, extension cords, and boxing the child with objects as a form of discipline. Parents must be mindful of the methods that they use for discipline. Also, Parents should not discipline their child when they are angry this is a recipe for disaster. Lately, parents have been posting videos on social media of them disciplining their child. In response to the increase of child abuse cases laws have been made to distinguish abuse from spanking.
Domestic abuse and child abuse are emotionally costing to families widespread. Family violence affects every person involved in the family. The effects of aggression on progeny lives looks to be significantly more impacted than on adult lives. In many scenarios of family violence the family has followed an arrangement in which the connection of family violence began through generations. This connection should be broken before more children mature and live in a household that remedies to viciousness. Also there are kids who are in affectionate families who don’t fall to violence and as the kids develop, they start routing to violence to help resolve their problems. Studies show that physical penalty could cause hostility in children, while other
The development of a child is also influenced by the environment they are surrounded by and their culture. Reports have demonstrated that child abuse is mostly prone to happen in impoverished and undereducated families (Arbetter 23). The environment and the culture that influences the parents as well as the children are factors that contribute to whether child abuse is enforced, ignored, or prevented. Different parts of the world view children differently, they value children differently, and the protection children have against child abuse varies. As mentioned, children living in parts of the world such as India, Japan, China, New Guinea, and the Near East can live a childhood revolving around child abuse. And the possibility of the abuse
Although child abuse has soon become a more discussed issue, it is nothing new in today’s society. Dating back to ancient times, physical child abuse has always attributed to lives of people around the world. Approaching and understanding child mistreatment has changed as societies have modernized and progressed; whereas one thing remains an unalterable issue, child abuse happens constantly and continuously worldwide.
Child abuse comprises a violation of the basic rights of children and teenagers, and has been a major social problem in the world’s societies since time immemorial. To most of us, the notion of an adult using violence against a child is both repulsive and deplorable, and the worse the behavior is, the more intolerable it seems. But the incidence of teachers, caregivers and parents deliberately and repeatedly committing acts that harm the very children they are supposed to be nurturing is an unfortunate element of human society that cuts across all lines of class, ethnicity and generations. Every individual has an inborn right to psychological and physical integrity, and protection from all forms of violence. Despite the measures taken by governments and international organizations to enact laws to prevent child abuse, it is an issue that continues to exist, but rarely gets much political or media attention. We know that for various social and cultural reasons contribute to child abuse. In this essay, by looking at statistics, cause and effects, I will explore how prevalent child abuse is in America, and how the issue compares to another country with different societal and cultural constraints, India. We will also look at the past and present situations of the American attitudes on child abuse.